CC 02-03-2023 Item No. 1. Attributes of Exceptional Councils Handout_Desk Item1
Leading public organizations and governing with colleagues on a council is a challenging art of
community service. The Institute recognizes that many aspects of leadership and governance are not
intuitive. This piece is intended to provide councilmembers and city managers insight into the attributes of
exceptional councils as well as provide practical tips to help them become exceptional.
1. Exceptional councils develop a sense
of team – a partnership with the city
manager to govern and manage the city
The mayor, councilmembers and city manager see
themselves and work as a team as they undertake a
series of tasks to further their common purpose. The
individual team members work in a coordinated and
collaborative manner with a high degree of respect, tru st
and openness. The team values diversity in style and
perspective. The team thinks and acts strategically as it
examines issues/situations and decides on a course of
action serving their city’s mission and goals.
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Successfully transition from candidate
to a member of the council.
Become a champion of the city. Make
decisions based on the needs and
interests of the community at-large / the
greater good.
Develop, communicate and support
policy goals and council decisions.
Demonstrate a willingness to work
collaboratively (as a team) and have a
citywide perspective.
BEST PRACTICE TIPS
Build capacity to create a more effective team. The governance team (mayor, councilmembers and
city manager) should get to know each other; how each person approaches issues, decision making
style and so on. This can be accomplished at annual meetings or workshops through-out the year.
In the event that councilmembers disagree, clear ground rules (norms of behavior and practice) can
help quell acrimony before it becomes a problem. It’s important to remember that trust is built
around understanding and respect, not necessarily agreement.
Attributes of Exceptional Councils
Attributes of Exceptional Councils
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2. Exceptional councils have clear
roles and responsibilities that are
understood and adhered.
Exceptional councils understand their role is to serve as
policy maker - to represent the values, beliefs and priorities
of their community while serving in the community’s be st
interest. They carry out a variety of responsibilities including:
developing and adopting a vision for the city; focusing
and aligning plans, policies, agreements and budgets in
furtherance of this vision; and holding themselves and
the city manager accountable for results.
Exceptional councils understand that the city manager
is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the city.
The city manager is responsible for undertaking and
accomplishing the policy objectives of the council.
Exceptional councils recognize the subject matter expertise
of staff and utilize their knowledge and experience to
guide and inform decision making.
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Understand the role of local
government and their responsibilities.
Know their role- to set vision and policy,
avoid micromanagement.
Councilmembers should strive to be
informed about the issues facing the
city and be prepared to ask questions of
staff and each other.
BEST PRACTICE TIPS
Create a shared understanding of the city manager’s role and the council’s expectations to optimize
the working relationships. This shared understanding is informed by local charter and ordinance
provisions that provide the overall framework for the relationship. The council should make time to
have conversations during retreats and or study sessions to define and/or reveal and refine their
role and responsibilities. Since role clarity between the city council and city management is critical to
mutual success, having clear protocols helps avoid misunderstandings.
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3. Exceptional councils honor the
relationship with staff and each other
Exceptional councils understand that a good working
relationship with staff is vital for the city to be run
successfully. Exceptional councils treat each other and
staff with dignity and respect. They act with civility and
a high level of professional decorum. Councilmembers
build trust by not playing the “gotcha game” and strive to
have a no secrets, no surprises approach as an operating
norm. Finally, they respect the diversity of styles and
perspectives among their colleagues and staff and are
open to new ideas.
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Councilmembers have the ability to
respectfully disagree (to disagree
without being disagreeable).
They are able to leave it at the dais;
debates are about policy, not
personality.
Exceptional councilmembers reflect
positive decorum/model of leadership
by providing respectful tone with
colleagues.
Establish a set of behaviors ahead of
time, potentially documented in a code
of conduct, to help promote civility and
respect.
BEST PRACTICE TIPS
Set council priorities and strategic goals at an annual meeting; these goals and priorities are a tool
to guide the city manager and staff on where to focus their efforts. This annual meeting provides
time for the council to reflect on community priorities as well as offer an opportunity to discuss their
decorum and their relationship among each other and the relationship between the city
manager/staff and the council.
4. Exceptional councils routinely conduct
effective meetings
Open and public meetings are central to democratic
decision-making. Exceptional councils master the art
of effective meetings. They develop and adhere to meeting
protocols and processes. They spend time planning and
organizing the agenda with the aim of having a more
focused meeting. They allocate the council’s time and
energy appropriately (focused on the council’s role and
responsibilities) and meeting short- and long-term priorities.
They honor the public’s participation and engagement
and they generally start on time and are held during
reasonable hours.
Exceptional councils use public meetings not only for their
intended purpose, information sharing and decision-making,
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Councilmembers are respectful of each
other, the public and everyone’s time.
Councilmembers use engaging body
language as a way to demonstrate
respect.
Issues are not personalized, thoughtful
dialogue is the objective.
Agenda packets are read,
councilmembers come prepared and
have an open mind
Respect is demonstrated for varied
opinions.
Everyone strives to be civil and act with
decorum.
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but they also use the meeting to demonstrate respect and
civility for each other, staff and the public. Exceptional
councilmembers prepare in advance of the meeting, remain
focused on the city goals and objectives and mindful of their
role and responsibilities.
BEST PRACTICE TIPS
Develop and adopt (with regular reviews and updates), guidelines for conducting meetings and
making decisions. These governance protocols typically address meeting procedures (agenda
preparation, how to put issues on the agenda, debate and voting procedure s (parliamentary rules)
and standards of decorum (civility)). As part of a regular self-assessment, councils should evaluate
their meetings and their effectiveness and adjust behavior and practices for better results .
5. Exceptional councils hold themselves
and the city accountable
Exceptional councils operate openly, ethically and work to
engage the community in a myriad of decisions impacting
the prosperity and well-being of their community. Toward
that end, exceptional councils consistently provide short-
and long-term strategic direction and goals, as well as
provide budget, program and policy oversight.
Exceptional councils hold themselves accountable for the
conduct, behavior and effectiveness of the council. They
establish clear priorities and goals and hold the city
manager accountable for results. And finally, they embrace
accountability as a process and tool to calibrate ongoing
efforts to address and meet policy and program objectives.
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Councilmembers operate ethically and
with integrity.
Councils conduct team building / goal
setting exercise to track progress
towards mutually agreed upon goals
Councils taking responsibility for the
results (good and bad).
Councils celebrate success.
Councilmembers hold themselves
responsible for adhering to operating
protocols and codes of conduct.
BEST PRACTICE TIPS
Annually evaluate council and city manager performance toward achieving the city’s priorities and
goals (consider having this be part of an annual goal setting meeting). Council should consider
assessing its own behavior and effectiveness as part of its annual self -assessment.
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6. Exceptional councils have members
who practice continuous personal
learning and development
Governance is not intuitive. In addition, the policy and
economic environment impacting cities are ever changing.
Exceptional councils continually provide the opportunity
to build their knowledge and skills, to enhance their
understanding of key issues, increase their awareness
of best practices and sharpen their leadership and
governance skills.
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Stay informed on key issues
Gain key insights and knowledge on all
aspects of governing, from budgets to
plans and everything in between.
Learning to listen is sometimes more
important than learning to give a
speech.
BEST PRACTICE TIPS
Seek out national, state and local professional growth and educational opportunities. These
opportunities can focus on the nuts and bolts of governing to helping you gain valuable information
and/or insights on key policy issues facing your city. In addition, city run orientations for newly elected
officials provide a good way to acclimate new m embers to the council’s norms and protocols as well as
the budget and key policy issues.