CC 11-14-2023 Cupertino Workshop Presentation9999
Key Strategies
For High Functioning City Councils
City of Cupertino City Council/Staff
Workshop
November 14, 2023
WHY HAVE A WORKSHOP LIKE THIS?
•You Are Members of Multiple Inter-Related Teams
•These Teams are Critical to Your Community’s Success
•Effective Teams Don’t Take Their Working Relationships for
Granted
•Effective Teams Appreciate the Need for Seeking Areas for
Improvement
•All Relationships Need Care and Attention
•Effective Teams Make the Investment Necessary to
Maximize Their Effectiveness
Why Is This So Important?
Without A Strong/Effective Working Relationships:
• The Organization Will Not be Effective
• The Community Will Not Be Well Served
• Citizens Will Not Want to Serve
• You Will Not Be Able to Attract/Retain High
Quality Staff and Community Members
• It Will Not be an Enjoyable Experience
Three Critical Teams:
•Elected Official/Elected Official Team
•Elected Official/Manager Team
•Elected Official/Manager/Staff Team
It’s Also All About Relationships:
•The Ability of the Team to be Effective
•Your Ability to be Effective
•Your Ability to Achieve Your Goals
Goals For This Session
•Review & Discuss Concepts Regarding Effective
Council/Council And Council/Staff Working
Relationships
•Consider How These Concepts Apply to Cupertino
•Identify Possible Areas for Growth and
Improvement to Better Achieve the Ideal
How Are We Going to Accomplish This?
•Introduce/Define the Topic
•Sharing Ideas
•Review Suggested Strategies
•Consider Next Steps
Why Being a Council Member Isn’t Easy
•Challenging Issues
•Varied Opinions/Perspectives
•Group Decision Making
•Not a Group of Your Choosing
•Done in Public/Anyone Can
Participate
•Media and Public Scrutiny (Social Media)
WHY WE DON’T ALWAYS VIEW ISSUES THE SAME WAY
What Types of Characteristics Can Cause Us to View
Issues/Ourselves/Others Differently?
•Life Experiences
•Education
•Military Service
•Geography
•Marital/Family/Parental Status
•Communication Style
•Age/Generation
•Ethnicity/Race
•Religion
•Political Views
WHY DON’T WE ALWAYS VIEW ISSUES THE SAME WAY?
What Types of Characteristics Can Cause Us to View
Issues/Ourselves/Others Differently?
•Gender/Gender Identity/Sexual Orientation
•Work Style/Experience
•How Emotion is Expressed
•How “Status” is Viewed
•How Information is Processed
•How You Were Raised
•How You Manage Time
•How You Balance Work/Personal Life
•Core Beliefs
•Extrovert/Introvert
•Is it Good or Is it Bad?
•Can Conflict Be Positive?
•Are Differing Ideas/Viewpoints “Conflict”?
•Can a Lack of Conflict Be Counterproductive?
•“Group Think”?
•No Challenge to Bad Ideas or Inappropriate
Conduct?
•Ethical Issues?
•When Does Conflict Become Counterproductive?
TEAM CONFLICT
DIVERGENT VIEWS/OPINIONS
•Develop an Appreciation and Understanding Regarding Why It’s OK
•Differences Are Not Usually a Result of:
•Dishonesty
•Lacking Values
•Intelligence
•Differences of Opinion are Normal and Should be Expected—Does it Reflect
the Diversity of Opinion in Your Community?
•The Key Issue Is: How Does a Team Deal With Differences of Opinion?
You and Your Elected Colleagues
•The Relationship is Critical to the Success of the
Agency
•Seek to Overcome Differences in Philosophy and
Personality
•You Can Only be Successful With the Support of a
Majority
•Playing the Outsider Might Make You Feel Good,
But Won’t Allow You to Achieve Success
You and the City Staff
•They Are There to Provide the Services/Facilities to
the Community Consistent With the Policy Direction
of the Mayor & Council
•They Strive Hard to Meet Council/Council Member
Expectations
•Policy Direction is Provided Through the Manager
•Strive to be Sensitive to the Impact of Your
Interactions With Staff
Teams
Succeed or Fail as a Group
Frequently Encountered Challenges
•Different Personalities/Work Styles
•Lack of Effective Communication
•Inadequate Information Sharing/Surprises (Issues &
Projects)
•Setting (and Sticking to) Priorities
•Respecting Role Boundaries
Frequently Encountered Challenges
•Lack of Trust
•Conflict Over Determining What is Placed on Agendas
•Individual Council Member Goals vs. Council Goals
•Wanting the Manager to Take Sides
•Wanting to Influence Staff Reports/Recommendations
Effective Interpersonal/Communication Skills
•Speaking Skills
•Listening Skills
•Emotional & Social Intelligence
•Understanding & Empathy
ADJECTIVES THAT DESCRIBE AN EFFECTIVE
CITY COUNCIL
WHAT IS THE COUNCIL’S ROLE?
•Leadership
•Representation
•Service
•Oversight
Question: How Do You Go About Being
Effective in These Roles?
•Role of Elected Officials:
•Arbiter of Community Values
•Make the “Big Picture” Decisions
(Budgets/Laws/General Plans/Organizational
Leadership)
Community Values vs. Technical Expertise and Knowledge
•Role of CM and Staff:
•Provide Technical Expertise/Advice/Analysis
•Implement Policy Decisions
•Provide Effective and Efficient Day-to-Day Services
Community Values vs. Technical Expertise and Knowledge
Key Questions
•What Do You and Your Fellow Council Members Need
From Each Other to be Successful?
•What Does the Council/Council Members Need From
the Manager and Staff to be Successful?
•What Does the Manager and Staff Need From the
Council/Council Members to Be Successful?
What Do Council Members Need From Each Other?
What Do Council Members Need From Each Other?(Kevin Duggan)
•Respect for Different Perspectives and Opinions
•Effective Listening Skills
•Emotional Maturity
•Handling Conflict Respectfully
•Coming to Meetings Prepared/Do Homework
What Do Council Members Need From Each Other?(Kevin Duggan)
•Treating the Public, the Staff and Other
“Audiences” With Respect
•Supporting Council/Board Decisions
•Dealing With Issues With Honesty
•Being Willing to “Move On” From Council/Board
Votes
•Support Efficient Meetings
What Do Council Members Need From Staff?
What Does The Manager & Staff Members Need From The Council?
What Do Council Members Need From the Manager and Staff? (Executive Team)
•Speak With a Unified Voice
•Provide Complete, Yet Succinct, Staff Reports
•Be Available to Answer Council Questions—Including
Agenda Questions
•Provide Answers to Questions in Advance of Meetings
•Faithfully Implement Council Policy Direction
•Keep Informed on Best Practices and Contemporary Issues
What Do Council Members Need From the Manager and Staff? (Executive Team)
•Work to Establish Mutual Trust
•Do Excellent Staff Work
•Treat All Council Members Fairly & Equally
•Assist the Council in Establishing Priorities
•Help the Council Resolve Issues
•Engage Effectively With the Public/Community Outreach
•Quality Research/Data Collection
What Do Council Members Need From the Manager and Staff? (Executive Team)
•Provide Clear Legal Advice That Highlights Legal Risks &
Potential Alternatives and Options
•Provide Timely Updates/Keep Council Well Informed
•Provide Timely & Accurate Information
•Offer Best Professional Advice
• Collaborate and Coordinate Between Departments and
With Other Agencies
•Maintain Transparency and Accountability Regarding City
Records
What Do Council Members Need From the Manager and Staff? (Executive Team)
•Respect the Role of Elected Officials
•Demonstrate Professionalism and Integrity
•Provide Timely and Complete Information
•Prepare Council for “Hot Topics”
•Deliver on Commitments
•NO SURPRISES
What Do Council Members Need From the Manager and Staff? (Executive Team)
•Work to Form an Effective and Unified Team with the City
Council
•Provide the Best Possible Advice/Recommendations in an
Unbiased and Balanced Fashion
What the Staff Needs From Council (Executive Team)
•Respect for Existing Policies, Protocols & Statutes
•Collaboration
•Respect for Professional Advice
•Appreciation of Workload & Resource Limitations
•Express Any Staff Concerns in Appropriate Ways
•Work as a Team, Not Individuals
•Do Your Homework & Take Advantage of Staff Reports & Analysis
What the Staff Needs From Council (Executive Team)
•Once Decision is Made—Act as a Unified Body/Voice
•Keep in Perspective the Views of the “Loudest Voices”
•Provide Policy Direction/Allow Staff to Implement
•Be Available to be Briefed on Key Issues as Necessary
•Stay Focused on the Big Picture—Avoid Getting Bogged Down
In Minutia
•Respect City Council/CM Form of Government—Work Through the
City Manager
•Help the Public Understand the Complexities of Issues
What the Staff Needs From Council (Executive Team)
•Provide Clear Direction to Staff
•Be Open to Professional Advice, Including Legal Advice
•Provide Agenda Questions in Advance of Meetings
•Recognize Staff Needs to Serve the Council as a Whole
•Assume Good Intent Unless Demonstrated Otherwise (Trust)
•Conduct Efficient Meetings
•Clarity of Communication
What the Staff Needs From Council (Executive Team)
•Consider Existing Goals When Proposing New Assignments
•Transparency & Accountability
•Ethical Conduct
•Consider the Best Interests of the Entire Community
•Set Vision & Adopt Policy and Allow Staff to Implement
•Demonstrate Constructive Accountability
•No Surprises
What the Staff Needs From Council (Executive Team)
•Work to Establish Mutual Trust and Support With Staff
•Try to Adopt a Unified Approach Once Debate and Decision
Making is Completed
What Do Council Members Need From the Manager and Staff? (Kevin Duggan)
•Establishing and Maintaining High Standards for Work
Performance
•Responsiveness to the Council/Board and Community
Members
•Complete and Professional Staff Work
•Avoid Bringing Personal Value Judgments to
Recommendations
•Keep Personal Opinions/Preferences in Check
What Do Council Members Need From the Manager and Staff? (Kevin Duggan)
•Equal Communication/Information
•Respect for the Office
•Recognition of the Pressures Faced by Elected
Officials
•Good Customer Service/Citizen Responsiveness &
Follow-Up
What Do Council Members Need From the Manager and Staff? (Kevin Duggan)
•Creativity and Innovation
•No Surprises
•Accountability
•Ethical Conduct/Integrity
•Straight and Complete Information
•Need for the Manager to be Politically Astute, But Not
Political
What Do Council Members Need From the Manager and Staff? (Kevin Duggan)
•Respect for the Policy Making Role of the Elected
Officials
•Long Term Planning Perspective
•Professional Competency
•Selection/Retention of High-Quality Staff
•Know When to Withdraw From the Discussion
What Do the Manager and StaffNeed From Council Members? (Kevin Duggan)
•Respect for Form of Government/Different Roles &
Responsibilities (Council/Manager Form of
Government)
•Recognize (And Utilize) Professional Knowledge
And Experience—And Professional Obligations
•Clear Policy Direction
•Speaking With a Unified Voice
•Support for Hiring Top Quality Staff
What Do the Manager and StaffNeed From Council Members? (Kevin Duggan)
•Clear Communication and Feedback (Usually
Through the Manager)
•Honesty/No Hidden Agendas
•Tolerance for Mistakes/Imperfection—Focus on
Fixing the Problem, Not Blame
•Service Quality Feedback Focused on the “What”
Vs. the “How”
•Appreciation of the Difference Between
Professional/Technical Perspective vs. Community
Perspective
What Do the Manager and StaffNeed From Council Members? (Kevin Duggan)
•Don’t Attack the Messenger if You Don’t Agree
With the Message
•Clear Operating Policies/Respect for Those Policies
•Willingness to Make Tough Decisions/ Say “No”
•Openness to Creativity and Innovation
•Respect for Communication Protocols
•Provide Direction in Appropriate Ways
What Do the Manager and StaffNeed From Council Members? (Kevin Duggan)
•No Surprises/Blindsiding
•Avoid Jumping to Conclusions Regarding Citizen
Complaints
•Respectful Treatment
•Willingness to Set Priorities
•Ethical Conduct/Integrity
•Most Follow a Code of Ethics
•Have to Operate Within the Form of Government
•Are Committed to Elected Official/Governing Body Success
•Don’t Play Favorites/Don’t Take Sides
•Must Sometimes Tell You What You Don’t Want to Hear/Can’t Always
Do What You Want
PROFESSIONAL CITY MANAGERS
PROFESSIONAL CITY MANAGERS
•Need Thoughtful and Comprehensive Performance Feedback
•Strives to Communicate in a Style That Works for You
•Is Obligated to Protect the Staff
THE BOTTOM LINE
What Can You Do to Improve Your Working Relationship
With Your Colleagues?
What Can You Do to Improve Your Working Relationship
With the Manager and Staff?
What Can the Manager and Staff Do to Improve Their
Working Relationship With You?
Six Attributes of Exceptional City
Councils
1.Develop a “Sense of Team”: Mayor/Council/City Manager
2.Recognizes/Respects Clear Roles and Responsibilities
3.Honor the Relationship With Staff and Each Other
Six Attributes of Exceptional City
Councils
4.Routinely Conduct Effective Meetings
5. Hold Themselves and the City Accountable
6. Practice Continuous Learning and Development
www.icma.org/en/press
Kevin C. Duggan
kcduggan@katesbridge.com
650-888-5850