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9212 Report Appendices9212 Report – City of Cupertino June 2016 | Appendix 1 Appendix 1 Appendix 1A: Text of Proposed Initiative Appendix 1B: City Attorney’s Official Title and Summary Appendix 1C: Notice of Intent to Circulate Petition INITIATIVE MEASURE TO BE SUBMITED DIRECTLY TO THE VOTERS passive community-oriented uses , help to visually integrate the plan area with the surrounding public streets , buffer the plan area , reduce the area 's urban heat island effect, minimize water run-off and water and air quality impacts , and improve the energy efficiency of the buildings . 8. The Specific Plan area presents a unique opportunity to solve the City 's sustainability challenges -economic , social , and environmental -through smart technologies and data. The Specific Plan shall seek to integrate physical , digital and human systems in the built environment to deliver a sustainable , prosperous and inclusive future for Cupertino residents. The goal for the Specific Plan area is to positively benefit the community through smart city development strategies , and its program , design , and operations will be the basis for this benefit. 9 . The Specific Plan will also provide additional , substantial public benefits and improvements . This includes new development under the Specific Plan to provide-in addition to the maximum state-mandated school fees-additional benefits to schools of approximately $40 million to enhance Cupertino's excellent schools , such as a new High School Science and Engineering Innovation Center, solutions to create net additional enrollment capacity to enhance the quality of instruction and student learning , and space dedicated to local adult education programs. The Specific Plan also provides for charitable/civic space , including for local non-profits and civic organizations ; dedicated senior housing units ; an amphitheater to host outdoor concerts and movie nights ; a destination play space for children ; banquet and event space for large and small events ; effective traffic solutions for pre -existing and future conditions (including spearheading and providing substantial funding for a free community shuttle in partnership with local employers and transit agencies , a new transit center, and a stringent vehicle trip reduction program through a comprehensive Transportation Demand Management plan); as well as very substantial economic and fiscal benefits in the form of one-time construction-related tax revenues to the City and new recurring property taxes , transient occupancy taxes , and retail sales taxes annually to the City. 10. The goals , policies , and mandatory design features in the Specific Plan adopted by this Initiative , which includes required environmental design features , will ensure that the actions approved by this Initiative will be environmentally sound and in compliance with the City's policies , guidelines , and standards. 11. The provisions of this Initiative , including the adoption of the Specific Plan, are in the public interest and are consistent with the General Plan as amended by this Initiative . Specific Plan consistency with the amended General Plan is shown in Exhibit D hereto . 12 . This Initiative serves the public health , safety , and welfare of Cupertino residents , as well as people in the surrounding region . B . Purpose . The purpose of this Initiative is ensure that , consistent with the City 's General Plan , the failed Vallco Shopping District Special Area can be redeveloped into a vibrant , sustainable , walkable and safe new neighborhood with a mix of retail , dining , entertainment, recreation , offices , housing , open space , educational , civic , and public amenities , with exceptional community benefits and high-quality design , that will improve the quality of life of Cupertino residents. Section 3 . City of Cupertino General Plan Amendments. The voters hereby amend the City of Cupertino General Plan as follows (new language to be inserted into the General Plan is shown as underlined text and language to be deleted is shown in strikethrough text; language shown in regular or bold type reflects the existing General Plan text and is provided for informational/reference purposes): A . Amendments to the Land Use and Community Design Element. The Land Use and Community Design Element of the Cupertino General Plan is amended as follows : 2 INITIATIVE MEASURE TO BE SUBMITED DIRECTLY TO THE VOTERS The section titled "Vallco Shopping District Special Area," which is within the "Special Areas" subsection of the "Planning Areas Goals and Policies" section of the Land Use and Community Design Element, is amended as follows: Vallco Shopping District Special Area The City envisions a complete redevelopment of the existing Vallco Fashion Mall into a vibrant mixed -use "town center" that is a focal point for regional visitors and the community. This new Vallco Shopping District will become a destination for shopping, dining and entertainment in the Santa Clara Valley. GOAL LU-19 CREA TE A DISTINCT AND MEMORABLE MIXED-USE "TOWN CENTER" THAT IS A REGIONAL DESTINATION AND A FOCAL POINT FOR THE COMMUNITY Policy LU-19.1: Specific Plan Create a Vallco Shopping District Town Center Specific Plan prior to any development on the site that lays out the land uses , design standards and guidelines , and infrastructure improvements required . The Specific Plan will be based on the following strategies: Strategy LU-19.1.1: Master Developer. Redevelopment will require a master developer in order remove the obstacles to the development of a cohesive district with the highest levels of urban design . Strategy LU-19.1.2: Parcel assembly . Parcel assembly and a plan for complete redevelopment of the site are required prior to adding residential and office uses. Parcelization is highly discouraged in order to preserve the site for redevelopment in the future, unless parcelization includes adequate protective measures to provide incentives and guidelines for cooperation among owners. Strategy LU-19.1.3: Complete Redevelopment . The "town center" plan should be based on complete redevelopment of the site in order to ensure that the site can be planned to carry out the community vision. Strategy LU -19.1.4: Land use . To carry out the City 's vision for a vibrant mixed-use "town center,'' the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan shall require a mix of the following uses on the site The following uses are allo';ved on the site (see Figure LU-1 for residential densities and criteria): 1. Retail: High-performing retail , restaurant and entertainment uses. Maintain a minimum of 600 ,000 square feet of retail that provide a good source of sales tax for the City. Entertainment uses may be included but shall consist of no more than 30 percent of retail uses. 2. Hotel: Encourage Provide a business class hotel with conference center and active uses including main entrances , lobbies , retail and restaurants on the ground floor. 3 . Residential: A+l-ew Maintain residential on upper floors with retail and active uses on the ground floor. Encourage a mix of units for young professionals , couples and active seniors who like to live in an active "town center" environment. The residential component of the project shall dedicate the greater of 80 units, or 20% of the total units, as senior housing (in compliance with state and federal law). 4. Office: Encourage Maintain high -quality office space arranged in a pedestrian-oriented street grid with active uses on the ground floor , publicly-accessible streets and plazas/ green space. A minimum of 100,000 square feet shall be set aside for incubator, co -work space and /or multi-tenant spaces for start-ups, mid-sized companies and /or new and emerging technologies, with preference for local companies. 3 INITIATIVE MEASURE TO BE SUBMITED DIRECTLY TO THE VOTERS 5. Public, Quasi-Public, Open Space and Parks: Require property owner(s) to provide generous amounts of parks and open space, educational facilities, community gathering spaces, civic uses, public art, and community event spaces. In addition, the following uses are allowed on the site, although not required: Amenities : Amenities that are complementary or ancillary to any of the permitted uses, such as, but not limited to, cafeterias, lobbies , community halls, or meeting spaces are also permitted. Strategy LU-19.1.5: "Town Center" layout. Create streets and blocks laid out using "transect planning" (appropriate street and building types for each area), which includes a discernible center and edges , public space at center , high quality public realm , and land uses appropriate to the street and building typology . Strategy LU-19.1.6: Connectivity. Provide a newly configured complete street grid hierarchy of streets , boulevards and alleys that is pedestrian-oriented , connects to existing streets , and creates walkable urban blocks for buildings and open space. It should also incorporate transit facilities , provide connections to other transit nodes and coordinate with the potential expansion of Wolfe Road bridge over Interstate 280 to continue the walkable , bikeable boulevard concept along Wolfe Road. The project should shall also contribute towards a study and improvements to a potential Interstate 280 trail along the drainage channel south of the freeway and provide pedestrian and bicycle connections from the project sites to the trail. Any project that fully redevelops the existing mall in the Vallco Shopping District shall also fund transportation and transit infrastructure that provides effective traffic solutions, including providing approximately $30 million toward planned transportation improvements at the I-280 and Wolfe Road interchange and other I-280 segments, partnering with local employers and transit agencies to provide a free community shuttle, providing an on-site transit center and/or mobility hub, and implementing a transportation demand management plan with an overall target of reducing office-generated weekday peak hour trips by 30 percent below applicable Institute of Transportation Engineers Office Use trip generation rates. This transportation and transit funding obligation shall not apply to any hotel project. Strategy LU-19.1.7: Existing streets. Improve Stevens Creek Boulevard and Wolfe Road to become more bike and pedestrian-friendly with bike lanes , wide sidewalks , street trees , improved pedestrian intersections to accommodate the connections to Rosebowl and Main Street. Strategy LU-19.1.8: Open space. Open space in the form of a central town square on the west and east sides of the district interspersed with plazas and "greens" that create community gathering spaces , locations for public art , and event space for community events. Strategy LU-19.1.9: Building form. Buildings should have high-quality architecture , and an emphasis on aesthetics , human scale , and create a sense of place. Taller buildings should provide appropriate transitions to fit into the surrounding area. Strategy LU-19.1.10: Gateway character. High-quality buildings with architecture and materials befitting the gateway character of the site. The project should provide gateway signage and treatment. Strategy LU-19.1.11: Phasing plan. A phasing plan that lays out the timing of infrastructure , open space and land use improvements that ensures that elements desired by the community are included in early phases . 4 INITIATIVE MEASURE TO BE SUBMITED DIRECTLY TO THE VOTERS Strategy LU-19.1.12: Parking. Parking in surface lots shall be located to the side or rear of buildings. Underground parking beneath buildings is preferred . Above grade structures shall not be located along major street frontages. In cases , where above-grade structures are allowed along internal street frontages , they shall be lined with retail , entries and active uses on the ground floor. All parking structures should be designed to be architecturally compatible with a high-quality "town center" environment. Strategy LU-19.1.13: Trees. Retain trees along the Interstate 280, Wolfe Road and Stevens Creek Boulevard to the extent feasible , when new development are proposed . Strategy LU-19.1.14: Neighborhood buffers. Consider buffers such as setbacks , landscaping and /or building transitions to buffer abutting single-family residential areas from visual and noise impacts . Strategy LU-19.1.15: Green Roof and Recycled Water. To further enhance and complement the open space requirements set forth in Strategy LU-19.1.8 and to provide an exceptional community benefit, a publicly accessible green roof is required for the portion of a project that fully redevelops the existing mall within the Vallco Shopping District. The green roof shall be at least 30 acres in size with a minimum of 3.8 miles of publicly accessible trails. To minimize the water demand associated with a green roof, the use of recycled water and drought tolerant and native landscaping that thrives on little to no irrigated water will be utilized. To meet this obligation, future recycled water service shall be extended to the Vallco Shopping District by the developer. These requirements shall not apply to any hotel project. B. Amendments to the Infrastructure Element. Policy INF-2.5 ("Recycled Water Infrastructure") of the Infrastructure Element is amended as follows: Policy INF-2.5: Recycled Water Infrastructure Plan for citywide access to recycled water and encourage its use. Strategy INF-2.5.1: Availability. Expand the availability of a recycled water system through public infrastructure projects and development review. Strategy INF-2.5.2: Use. Encourage private and public projects to incorporate the use of recycled water for landscaping and other uses. Strategy INF-2.5.3: City Facilities. Design and retrofit City buildings , facilities and landscaping to use recycled water, to the extent feasible. Strategy INF-2.5.4: Valko Town Center Specific Plan. Require that any project that fully redevelops the existing mall within the Vallco Shopping District extend the recycled water line to the area covered by the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan and maximize use of recycled water. This requirement shall not apply to any hotel project within the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan area. C. Amendments to Appendix A. Appendix A ("Land Use Definitions") to the General Plan is amended to include the following new land use category: Valko Town Center Specific Plan The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan designation applies to the Vallco Shopping District Special Area, and allows a mix of uses, including retail, restaurant entertainment, residential, office, hotel, public (including civic), quasi-public, 5 INITIATIVE MEASURE TO BE SUBMITED DIRECTLY TO THE VOTERS educational, parks, open space, and amenities. Projects developed under this designation must be consistent with the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan. D . Amendments to the Land Use Map. The existing "City of Cupertino Land Use Map ," a copy of which is attached hereto for informational purposes only at page A-1 of Exhibit A hereto , is amended to redesignate the approximately 58 acre Property from Commercial/Office/Residential to Vallco Town Center Specific Plan , as set forth on page A-3 of Exhibit A. Section 4. City of Cupertino Municipal Code Amendments. The voters hereby amend the City of Cupertino Municipal Code as follows (new language to be inserted into the Municipal Code is shown as underlined text and language to be deleted is shown in strikethrough text; language shown in regular type reflects the existing Municipal Code text and is provided for informational/reference purposes): A new chapter titled "Vallco Town Center Specific Plan (VTCSP) Zone ," is added to Title 19 ("Zoning") of the Municipal Code , as follows: As envisioned by the General Plan, a zoning district entitled the "Vallco Town Center Specific Plan" district (VTCSP) is established as shown on the official zoning district map of City of Cupertino. The VTCSP zoning district implements the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan, incorporated by reference, a copy of which shall be on file in the office of the city clerk. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan includes architectural and design guidelines, site development standards, public facility improvement plans , environmental design features and other development standards that satisfy zoning code requirements. The standards, guidelines and improvement plans contained in the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan shall govern the VTCSP zoning district. When the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan does not provide specific standards and /or procedures for review, approval and /or administration of development projects, the standards and procedures in this code shall apply, provided, however, that in no event shall application of the standards or procedures in this code frustrate or inhibit development of the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan . Section 19 .16.110 ("Zoning Districts Designated") of Chapter 19 .16 ("Designation and Establishment of Districts ") of Title 19 ("Zoning") the Municipal Code , is amended to add the following Zoning Map Designation and District Name: VTCSP Vallco Town Center Specific Plan. Section 19.156.040 ("Planned Development Permit and Conditional Use Permit-Findings and Conditions") of Chapter 19.156 ("Development Permits , Conditional Use Permits and Variances") of Title 19 ("Zoning") of the Municipal Code , is amended as follows: A. The decision maker may grant a planned development permit or a conditional use permit only if all of the following findings are made: 1. The proposed development and /or use , at the proposed location, will not be detrimental or injurious to property or improvements in the vicinity, and will not be detrimental to the public health, safety , general welfare , or convenience ; 2. The proposed development and /or use will be located and conducted in a manner in accord with the Cupertino Comprehensive General Plan, underlying zoning regulations , and the purpose of this title and complies with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). B . For purposes of granting a conditional use permit to increase residential units within the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan district above the number of units specified in the Housing Element for the Vallco Shopping District Special Area, the conditional use permit shall be granted if the above findings are made. For 6 INITIATIVE MEASURE TO BE SUBMITED DIRECTLY TO THE VOTERS purposes of finding (A)(l), the increase in residential units within the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan district shall be deemed not to be detrimental to the public health, safety, general welfare, or conven ience if there are no new significant and unavoidable impacts beyond those identified in the Environmental Impact Report prepared for the Gen eral Plan : Community Vision 2015 -2040, as to the residential units. Section 20 .04.040 ("Zoning District Applicable to a Specific Plan") of Chapter 20 .04 ("Specific Plans") of Title 20 ("General and Specific Plans") of the Municipal Code , is amended as follows: All areas governed by a specific plan, with the exception of the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan area, shall be zoned as a planned development (P) zoning district under Chapter 19 .48 of the City's Ordinance Code and all regulations governing land use approvals in a planned development zone shall be applicable to specific plans . A proposal for specific plan may be combined with any application for land use entitlements in the City's planned development zoning districts. The existing "City of Cupertino Zoning Map ," a copy of which is attached for informational purposes only at page B-1 of Exhibit B hereto , is amended to change the Property 's zoning from P(Regional Shopping) and P(CG) to VTCSP(Vallco Town Center Specific Plan), as set forth on page B-3 of Exhibit B. Section 5. Adoption of the Valko Town Center Specific Plan. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan, attached hereto as Exhibit C , is hereby adopted . The full text of Exhibit C commences on page C-1 of this Initiative. Section 6. Implementation of the Initiative. A. Upon the effective date of this Initiative , the City is directed to promptly take all appropriate actions needed to implement this Initiative . This Initiative is considered adopted and effective upon the earliest date legally possible after the Elections Official certifies the vote on the Initiative by the voters of the City of Cupertino . B . Upon the effective date of this Initiative , the provisions of Section 3 are hereby inserted into the General Plan ; except that if the four amendments of the General Plan permitted by state law for any calendar year have already been utilized in the year in which this Initiative becomes effective , the General Plan amendments set forth in this Initiative shall be the first amendments inserted into the General Plan on January 1 of the next year. C . The General Plan in effect on the date of filing of the Notice oflntent to Circulate this Initiative ("Filing Date"), and the General Plan as amended by this Initiative , comprise an integrated , internally consistent and compatible statement of policies for the City. To ensure that the City 's General Plan remains an integrated , internally consistent and compatible statement of policies for the City , any provision of the General Plan that is adopted between the Filing Date and the effective date of the General Plan amendments adopted by this Initiative shall , to the extent that such interim-enacted provision is inconsistent with the General Plan amendments adopted by this Initiative , be amended as soon as possible and in the manner and time required by state law to ensure consistency between the provisions adopted by the Initiative and other elements of the General Plan. Section 7. Effect of Other Measures on the Same Ballot. In approving this Initiative , it is the voters ' intent to create a comprehensive regulatory plan to govern the future use and development of the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan area. To ensure that this intent is not frustrated , this Initiative is presented to the voters as an alternative to , and with the express intent that it will compete with, any and all voter initiatives placed on the same ballot as this Initiative and which, if approved , would regulate the use or development of property within the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan area in any manner whatsoever (each, a "Conflicting Initiative"). In the event that this Initiative and one or more Conflicting Initiatives are adopted by the voters at the same election, then only that measure which receives the greatest number of affirmative votes shall control in its entirety and said other measure or measures shall 7 INITIATIVE MEASURE TO BE SUBMITED DIRECTLY TO THE VOTERS be rendered void and without any legal effect. In no event shall this Initiative be interpreted in a manner that would permit its operation in conjunction with any , including the non-conflicting , provisions of any Conflicting Initiative. If this Initiative is approved by the voters but superseded by law in whole or in part by any other Conflicting Initiative approved by the voters at the same election, and such Conflicting Initiative is later held invalid , this Initiative shall be self-executing and given full force of law . Section 8. Interpretation and Severability. A. This Initiative must be interpreted so as to be consistent with all federal and state laws , rules , and regulations. If any section, sub-section, sentence , clause , phrase , part, or portion of this Initiative is held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction, such decision does not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this Initiative. The voters declare that this Initiative , and each section , sub-section , sentence , clause , phrase , part, or portion thereof, would have been adopted or passed irrespective of the fact that any one or more sections , sub-sections , sentences , clauses , phrases , part , or portion is found to be invalid. If any provision of this Initiative is held invalid as applied to any person or circumstance , such invalidity does not affect any application of this Initiative that can be given effect without the invalid application. B. If any portion of this Initiative is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid , we the People of the City of Cupertino indicate our strong desire that: (i) the City Council use its best efforts to sustain and re-enact that portion, and (ii) the City Council implement this Initiative by taking all steps possible to cure any inadequacies or deficiencies identified by the court in a manner consistent with the express and implied intent of this Initiative , including adopting or reenacting any such portion in a manner consistent with the intent of this Initiative. C. This Initiative must be broadly construed in order to achieve the purposes stated above . It is the intent of the voters that the provisions of this Initiative be interpreted and implemented by the City and others in a manner that facilitates the purpose set forth in this Initiative. Section 9. Amendment. Prior to January 1, 2027 , the provisions of this Initiative , including but not limited to the Valko Town Center Specific Plan that it adopts , can be amended or repealed only by a majority of the voters of the City voting in an election held in accordance with state law. On or after January 1, 2027 , a vote of the people shall not be required to amend or repeal any portion of this Initiative , and this Initiative may be amended or repealed by any procedure otherwise authorized by law. Section 10. List of Initiative Exhibits. The following exhibits to this Initiative are incorporated herein by reference: Exhibit A -Amendment to General Plan Land Use Map Exhibit B -Amendment to Zoning Map Exhibit C-Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Exhibit D -General Plan Consistency Chart 8 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 1B | Page 1 CITY ATTORNEY’S BALLOT TITLE AND SUMMARY FOR PROPOSED INITIATIVE SUBMITTED ON MARCH 3, 2016 TITLE: Initiative adopting the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan to (1) provide that the Vallco Shopping District Special Area (“Area”) contains a mixture of residential, office, retail, civic and education uses; (2) require any development to fund or provide community benefits such as transit, schools, a green roof, and recycled water; and (3) grant the property owner initial entitlements to develop in accordance with the Initiative and establish a process for future approvals; and making related amendments to Cupertino’s General Plan and Municipal Code. SUMMARY: The Initiative involves the property designated in Cupertino’s General Plan (Community Vision 2015 – 2040) as the Vallco Shopping District Special Area. Fifty-one acres of the 58-acre property are currently occupied by the Vallco Shopping Mall. The General Plan envisions redevelopment of the Area as a mixed-use project, sets forth development allocations, goals, policies and strategies, and requires adoption of a specific plan prior to any development. The Initiative states that it implements and fulfills the requirements of the General Plan and the vision of the community by approving the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan (“Specific Plan”) establishing a mix of retail, dining, entertainment, recreation, offices, housing, hotel, education, civic, public open space, and amenities. The Initiative includes associated amendments to the General Plan and City of Cupertino Municipal Code. The Initiative: (1) States that it would entitle the property owners to develop the Area in accordance with the Specific Plan, exempt the Area from provisions of the Municipal Code not provided in the Specific Plan, and establish process for future approvals; (2) Adopts a Specific Plan establishing development features for the Area including: (a) 389 residential units (minimum 20% senior apartments), which may be increased through a Conditional Use Permit process up to the General Plan allocations if there are no significant and unavoidable impacts beyond those identified in the General Plan Environmental Impact Report; (b) 2,000,000 square feet (“sf”) of office space (minimum of 100,000 sf of incubator space for businesses); (c) 640,000 sf of commercial space (regional retail, entertainment, and personal service); (d) 100,000 (minimum 50,000) sf of public/civic space; (e) Two Town Centers (3-acre minimum); APPENDIX 1B 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 1B | Page 2 (f) 30 acres minimum of Community Park and Nature Area or “green roof” (3.8 miles minimum to be publicly accessible trails), with drought tolerant landscaping and recycled water infrastructure; (g) 9,060 parking spaces below, above, and at grade level; (h) 80 feet (maximum) building height west of Wolfe Road and 95 feet (maximum) building height east of Wolfe Road, scaled to minimize impacts on residential; and (i) 191 hotel rooms (in addition to a previously approved hotel). (3) Requires any development, other than on two sites proposed for hotels, to fund community benefits which may be incorporated into a development agreement, including transportation improvements ($30 million for I-280, a free shuttle, transit center, and bike/pedestrian trails), 5,000 square feet of charitable civic space, and no less than 10 times what is legally required for schools (approximately $40 million); (4) Changes standards for “parcelization” (division of the property into smaller parcels); and (5) States that, until January 1, 2027, its provisions may only be amended or repealed by the voters. APPENDIX 1C 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 1 APPENDIX 2 SECTION-BY-SECTION DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY OF INITIATIVE This Appendix to the 9212 Report summarizes and describes each part of the Initiative. It was prepared by the City Attorney’s office and outside counsel with the assistance of City planning staff. The text of the Initiative without its exhibits is set forth in Appendix 1A. The full text of the Initiative, including all exhibits, is over 300 pages long and is available on the City’s website. The Initiative states that it seeks to achieve its stated purposes by amending various provisions of the City of Cupertino’s General Plan (Community Vision 2015-2040) and Municipal Code, as well as adopting the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan. California law requires each city and county to adopt and maintain a “general plan” that establishes permissible land uses and maximum development densities and intensities for all properties within that jurisdiction. A city’s general plan effectively serves as its living “constitution” for all future land use decisions. Under state law, except for provisions adopted by initiative that require voter approval to change, a city council can amend the general plan up to four times per year, and may amend a specific plan as often as the city deems necessary, provided that the specific plan remains consistent with the general plan. A city can amend its municipal code as provided in state law. The Initiative’s proposed amendments to Cupertino’s General Plan and Municipal Code, as well as the proposed Specific Plan, are described below in Part III. Where helpful to show the changes made by the Initiative, this summary adopts the Initiative’s practice of showing proposed deletions to the existing General Plan in strikethrough and new language inserted by the Initiative in underline. I. Section 1. Title. (Page 1 of the Initiative) Section 1 of the Initiative sets forth the title proposed by the Initiative proponents: “The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative.” As is often the case, this title differs from the official title prepared by the City Attorney pursuant to Elections Code section 9203, which requires the City Attorney to prepare “a true and impartial statement of the purpose of the proposed measure in such language that the ballot title shall neither be an argument, nor be likely to create prejudice, for or against the proposed measure.” The City Attorney’s official ballot title reads as follows: “Initiative adopting the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan to (1) provide that the Vallco Shopping District Special Area (“Area”) contains a mixture of residential, office, retail, civic and education uses; (2) require any development to fund or provide community benefits such as transit, schools, a green roof, and recycled water; and (3) grant the property owner initial entitlements to develop in accordance with the Initiative and establish a process for future approvals; and making related amendments to Cupertino's General Plan and Municipal Code.” The City Attorney’s full ballot title and summary for the Initiative is set forth in Appendix 1B. 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 2 II. Section 2. Findings and Purpose. (Pages 1-2 of the Initiative) Section 2 of the Initiative contains the Initiative’s proposed “findings and purpose.” Section 2(A) sets forth the proposed “findings,” which summarize the proponents’ rationale for why the Initiative is needed at this time. Further information regarding the proponents’ reasons for proposing the Initiative are set forth in the Notice of Intent to Circulate Petition that the proponents submitted when they requested the official title and summary. The Notice of Intent is reproduced in Appendix 1C. If the Initiative is adopted, these findings could help guide the City Council, or the courts in the event of a legal challenge, in determining how to interpret and apply any ambiguities in the provisions set forth in the Initiative. Section 2(B) sets forth the Initiative’s “purpose,” which is to: “ensure that, consistent with the City’s General Plan, the failed Vallco Shopping District Special Area can be redeveloped into a vibrant, sustainable, walkable and safe new neighborhood with a mix of retail, dining, entertainment, recreation, offices, housing, open space, educational, civic, and public amenities, with exceptional community benefits and high-quality design, that will improve the quality of life of Cupertino residents.” The Initiative seeks to achieve this purpose by amending various provisions of the General Plan and Municipal Code, and adopting the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan. Like the “findings” in Section 2(A), this stated purpose could help guide the City Council, or the courts in the event of a legal challenge, in determining how to interpret and apply any ambiguities in the General Plan amendments set forth in the Initiative. The City Council, however, has broad discretion to interpret any ambiguities in the General Plan and to balance competing policies, goals, and provisions of the General Plan, whether adopted by the Initiative or otherwise. San Francisco Tomorrow v. City and County of San Francisco (2014) 229 Cal.App.4th 498, 513-16. The City Council has the same broad discretion with respect to its Municipal Code and any specific plan. III. Section 3. City of Cupertino General Plan Amendments. (Pages 2-6 and Exhibit A of the Initiative) Section 3 of the Initiative sets forth the proposed changes to the General Plan. The changes are contained in four sub-sections. The first two sub-sections (A and B) contain amendments to two “elements” of the General Plan. The third sub-section (C) contains amendments to the General Plan’s Appendix A (“Land Use Definitions”). The fourth sub-section (D) contains amendments to the General Plan’s Land Use Map. A. Section 3(A): Amendments to the Land Use and Community Design Element (Pages 2-5 of the Initiative) This section amends several provisions in the “Vallco Shopping District Special Area” subsection of the Land Use and Community Design Element (General Plan Chapter 3). As the current General Plan explains, Chapter 3 “is the keystone” of the General Plan. “It unifies and informs the other Elements by providing an overall policy context for future physical 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 3 change.” The “Vallco Shopping District Special Area” subsection describes the City’s vision for redeveloping the existing Vallco Fashion Mall into a “vibrant mixed-use ‘town center’ that is a focal point for regional visitors and the community.” To achieve this vision, the General Plan requires the creation of a Specific Plan to govern development of the Vallco site and sets forth fourteen “strategies” to be incorporated into the Specific Plan. The Initiative changes the name of the required specific plan to “Vallco Shopping District Town Center Specific Plan.” It also amends several of the strategies and adds a fifteenth strategy. Among other things, the Initiative: ¥ Provides an exception to the general rule that “parcelization,”: i.e., dividing land into smaller parcels, “is highly discouraged” in the Specific Plan area. The exception would permit “parcelization” whenever it “includes adequate protective measures to provide incentives and guidelines for cooperation among owners.” ¥ Requires (rather than allows) certain uses within the Specific Plan Area. For example: ¥ The Initiative deletes the phrase, “The following uses are allowed on the site,” and replaces it with, “the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan shall require a mix of the following uses on the site” (emphasis added). ¥ Similarly, the Initiative would require (rather than encourage) a hotel; require “[a] minimum of 100,000 square feet shall be set aside for incubator, co-work space and/or multi-tenant spaces for start-ups, mid- sized companies and/or new and emerging technologies, with preference for local companies”; and require the developer to “dedicate the greater of 80 [residential] units, or 20% of the total [residential] units, as senior housing (in compliance with state and federal law).” ¥ Instead of “allow[ing] residential on upper floors with retail and active uses on the ground floor,” the Initiative requires that this residential development to be “maintain[ed].” Similarly, the Initiative replaces “encourage” with “maintain” in describing the requirements for office space (“Encourage Maintain high quality office space arranged in a pedestrian-oriented street grid with active uses on the ground floor, publicly-accessible streets and plazas/green space,”)1 ¥ The Initiative also adds a new land use requirement that “property owner(s) … provide generous amounts of parks and open space, educational facilities, community gathering spaces, civic uses, public art, and community even spaces,” and permits, but does not require, additional 1 It is unclear what proponents mean by maintain in this context, because there is currently no residential. It appears this is a requirement to create and keep in place residential and office space. 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 4 “amenities,” such as cafeterias, lobbies, community halls, or meeting spaces. ¥ Adds a new transportation and transit funding requirement, which provides, among other things, that “[a]ny project that fully redevelops the existing mall in the Vallco Shopping District shall also fund transportation and transit infrastructure that provides effective traffic solutions, including providing approximately $30 million toward planned transportation improvements at the I- 280 and Wolf Road interchange and other I-280 segments, partnering with local employers and transit agencies to provide a free community shuttle. . . .” This transportation and transit funding requirement does not apply to any hotel project. ¥ Adds a new strategy, “Strategy LU-19.1.15: Green Roof and Recycled Water” requiring the developer to: (1) provide a public green roof at least 30 acres in size, with drought tolerant landscaping, and a minimum of 3.8 miles of publicly accessible trails; and (2) extend recycled water service to the Vallco Shopping District. As with the transportation and transit funding, these new green roof and recycled water requirements do not apply to any hotel project. The requirements to provide transportation funding, a green roof, and recycled water would not apply to any proposal that does not “fully redevelop[] the existing mall in the Vallco Shopping District.” However, given the City’s discretion to interpret its General Plan, it is possible that the City could require the developer of a portion of the Specific Plan area to contribute a proportional amount of the specified benefits. The possible meaning and implications of this provision are discussed in more detail in Chapter III.A of the Report. B. Section 3(B): Amendments to the Infrastructure Element (Page 5 of the Initiative) This section adds a new strategy to Policy IF-2.5 of the General Plan’s Infrastructure Element. This policy governs recycled water infrastructure, and directs the City to plan for citywide access to recycled water and encourage its use. The Initiative adds Strategy INF-2.5.4: Vallco Town Center Specific Plan, which requires any project that “fully redevelops the existing mall within the Vallco Shopping District” to “extend the recycled water line to the area covered by the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan and maximize use of recycled water.” As with the new strategies proposed by the Initiative for the Land Use Element, this new strategy would not apply to any hotel project within the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan area. In addition, and like the requirements for transportation funding, a green roof, and recycled water, this requirement would not apply to any proposal to develop less than the entire existing mall in the Specific Plan Area. C. Section 3(C): Amendments to Appendix A (Pages 5-6 of the Initiative) Section 3(C) of the Initiative adds a definition of “Vallco Town Center Specific Plan” to Appendix A (“Land Use Definitions”) of the General Plan. This definition provides: 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 5 The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan designation applies to the Vallco Shopping District Special Area, and allows a mix of uses, including retail, restaurant, entertainment, residential, office, hotel, public (including civic), quasi-public, educational, parks, open space, and amenities. Projects developed under this designation must be consistent with the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan. D. Section 3(D): Amendments to the Land Use Map. (Page 6 and Exhibit A of the Initiative) This section amends the existing “City of Cupertino Land Use Map” to redesignate the approximately 58-acre Specific Plan area from “Commercial/Office/Residential” to “Vallco Town Center Specific Plan.” Exhibit A to the Initiative includes two copies of the existing Land Use Map (at different scales), and two copies of the Land Use Map (at different scales) with the Specific Plan area redesignated as “Vallco Town Center Specific Plan.” IV. Section 4. City of Cupertino Municipal Code Amendments. (Pages 6-7 of the Initiative) This section makes several changes to Titles 19 (Zoning) of the City’s Municipal Code. First, it adds a new chapter, titled “Vallco Town Center Specific Plan (VTCSP) Zone.” This new chapter establishes the “Vallco Town Center Specific Plan” (“VTCSP”) district, and provides that “[t]he standards, guidelines and improvement plans contained in the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan shall govern the VTCSP zoning district.” The Initiative provides that general Municipal Code zoning provisions (including “specific standards and/or procedures for review, approval and/or administration of development projects”) will not apply to development within the VTCSP district unless the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan does not provide specific standards and/or procedures for some aspects of development. The Initiative further provides that the City cannot apply any standards or procedures in the Municipal Code that would frustrate or inhibit development of the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan. The implications of this provision are discussed in Chapter III.A of the Report. This section also adds “VTCSP Vallco Town Center Specific Plan” to the list of designated zoning districts contained in Section 19.16.010 of the Municipal Code. The Initiative states that it would amend Section 19.16.110, entitled (“Zoning Districts Designated”), but the actual Code number for that section is 19.16.010. This apparent typographical error would not affect the validity of this provision. This section also amends the Municipal Code section governing the City’s issuance of conditional use permits. A conditional use permit (“CUP”) grants permission for uses not allowed as a matter of right in a zone. Sounhein v. City of San Dimas (1996) 47 Cal.App.4th 1181, 1188. This enables the City to exercise control over certain sensitive land uses that may be desirable in small numbers but could be detrimental to the community in large numbers. Neighborhood Action Group v. County of Calaveras (1984) 156 Cal.App.3d 1176, 1184. For example, a city may require a CUP for construction of housing that exceeds a certain threshold. Sounhein, 47 Cal.App.4th at 1184-85. 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 6 Pursuant to Section 19.156.040, the applicable City “decision maker”2 may grant a conditional use permit if two findings are made: (1) the proposed use “at the proposed location, will not be detrimental or injurious to property or improvements in the vicinity, and will not be detrimental to the public health, safety, general welfare, or convenience,” and (2) the use “will be located and conducted in a manner in accord with the Cupertino Comprehensive General Plan, underlying zoning regulations, and the purpose of this title and complies with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).” The Initiative would add a new provision to Section 19.156.040 limiting the City’s ability to deny CUPs for additional residential units (above the 389 units allocated in the General Plan) within the Vallco Town Specific Plan district. When presented with an application for such a CUP, the Initiative provides that the City must—rather than “may”—grant the CUP if the two findings are made. In addition, the new provision states that, for purposes of the first required finding, an increase in residential units within the Vallco Town Specific Plan district “shall be deemed not to be detrimental to the public health, safety, general welfare, or convenience if there are no new significant and unavoidable impacts beyond those identified in the Environmental Impact Report prepared for the General Plan: Community Vision 2015 – 2040, as to the residential units.” This provision would prohibit the City from finding that such residential development is detrimental to public health, safety, general welfare, or convenience unless it also finds the development would have significant and unavoidable impacts beyond those identified in the General Plan EIR. To the extent that this provision precludes the City from denying the CUP or imposing conditions that the City determines are in fact necessary to protect the public health, safety, or general welfare, a court could find it invalid. See Davidson v. County of San Diego (1996) 49 Cal.App.4th 639, 648-49 (legislation may not abdicate the police power, including the power to regulate land use to prevent potential danger to the health and safety of the public). Moreover, pursuant to Municipal Code section 19.156.040(A)(1), the City could still deny such a CUP if it found that the proposed residential development: would “be detrimental or injurious to property or improvements in the vicinity;” is inconsistent with the General Plan, underlying zoning regulations, and the purpose of the zoning ordinance; or does not comply with CEQA. This section also amends Title 20 (“General and Specific Plans”) of the Municipal Code to exempt the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan area from the general requirement that all areas governed by a specific plan be zoned “planned development (P).” Under other provisions of the Initiative, the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan area will be zoned “VTCSP Vallco Town Center Specific Plan.” Finally, this section amends the existing “City of Cupertino Zoning Map” to change the property’s zoning from P(Regional Shopping) and P(CG) to VTCSP(Vallco Town 2 The applicable City “decision maker” depends upon the nature of the permit at issue and whether a permitting decision has been appealed. For purposes of this Initiative, the initial decision maker for any CUP would be the City Director of Community Development, with any appeal going directly to the City Council. See Specific Plan, Chapter 9.1 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 7 Center Specific Plan). This amendment essentially denotes on the City’s Zoning Map the changes made by Sections 4 and 5 of the Initiative. Copies of the existing City of Cupertino Zoning Map and the Zoning Map as amended by the Initiative are attached to the Initiative as Exhibit B. V. Section 5. Adoption of the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan. (Page 7 and Exhibit C of the Initiative) This section adopts the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan, which is attached as Exhibit C to the Initiative. The Specific Plan, which is more than 200 pages long, sets forth detailed standards and provisions governing development within the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan area. The Specific Plan is the heart of this Initiative. Under state law, a specific plan is a legislative enactment that systematically implements the development policies of the city’s general plan. Gov. Code § 65450; South Sutter, LLC v. LJ Sutter Partners, L.P. (2011) 193 Cal.App.4th 634, 668. The process for preparing, adopting and amending a specific plan is the same as for a general plan, except that a specific plan may be amended as often as the city council “deems necessary.” Gov. Code § 65453; Chandis Sec. Co. v. City of Dana Point (1996) 52 Cal.App.4th 475, 481. The City’s Municipal Code further provides that a specific plan is intended “to provide a means of guiding land development or redevelopment of the City that is uniquely suited for planned coordination of land uses and to provide for a greater flexibility of land use intensity and design because of accessibility, ownership patterns, topographical considerations and community design objectives.” Muni. Code § 20.04.010.A. A specific plan is also intended “to encourage variety in the development pattern of the City, to promote a more desirable living environment, to encourage creative approaches in land development, to provide a means of reducing the amount of improvements required in development through better design and land planning, to conserve natural features, to facilitate a more aesthetic and efficient use of open spaces, and to encourage the creation of public and private common open space.” Muni. Code § 20.04.010.B.. The Cupertino General Plan, adopted in 2014, requires the preparation and adoption of a specific plan prior to any development within the Vallco Shopping District Special Area. The Specific Plan proposed to be adopted as part of the Initiative would satisfy this requirement of the General Plan. The full text of the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan is attached as Exhibit C to the Initiative and available for review on the City’s website. The Specific Plan contains an Executive Summary and nine chapters: (1) Introduction, (2) Land Use & Development Standards; (3) Community Benefits; (4) Mobility & Connectivity; (5) Sustainable & Smart City Strategies; (6) Infrastructure & Public Facilities; (7) Landscaping & the Public Realm; (8) Town Center Design Guidelines; and (9) Administration, Implementation & Financing. A. Executive Summary. (Pages C-4 to C-7) The Executive Summary briefly describes the history of the mall at Vallco; the drafters’ goals in designing the Specific Plan; and the Plan’s vision and plan for redeveloping the Vallco Area into a “vibrant mixed-use Town Center.” According to the Executive Summary, the focus of the Specific Plan “is planning for the redevelopment of the “Mall property, which 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 8 includes blocks 1 thought 12 (the Town Center, also known as Town Center/Community Park) and the potential future development of Block 14.” B. Chapter 1: Introduction. (Pages C-12 to C-27) Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the Specific Plan. Among other things, Chapter 1 describes the Specific Plan’s organization; its relationship to other City plans and policies, including the General Plan and Municipal Code; the history of the existing development within the Specific Plan area (i.e., the existing Vallco Mall) and surrounding uses; and the potential subsequent project approvals necessary to carry out the development contemplated in the Specific Plan. It further notes that the illustrations in the Specific Plan are illustrative only, to “convey the concepts and intent” of the Plan. (C-16.) It reiterates that if there are any conflicts between the Specific Plan and the Cupertino Municipal Code, the Specific Plan controls the Plan Area. (C-20.) C. Chapter 2: Land Use and Development Standards. (Pages C-29 to C- 85) Chapter 2 describes the conceptual land use plan for the 58-acre Specific Plan area (“Plan Area”); identifies the Specific Plan Objectives (including objectives for the Town Center); and sets forth development standards and permitted, conditional, and excluded land uses. The Specific Plan divides the Plan Area into fourteen “Blocks” (see Figure 2-1, at Initiative Page C-30. As noted above, the principal focus of the Plan is the redevelopment of the Mall Property, which includes Blocks 1-12. Blocks 13 and 14 propose hotel developments that may be processed separately from the mall redevelopment project. 1. The Mall Property (Blocks 1-12) To accomplish redevelopment of Blocks 1-12, the existing mall would be demolished and redeveloped with a new “Town Center” in accordance with the Specific Plan. Section 2.2 lists the “objectives” for development of the Town Center. These objectives include “implement[ing] the vision in the City’s General Plan to completely redevelop the Plan Area,” providing “educational uses . . . for youth, seniors, and others in the Cupertino Community,” and mitigating impacts of the redevelopment. (C-32.) Section 2.3 sets forth the land use plan for the Plan Area. The “key components” of this plan include the “Town Center,” “Community Park and Nature Area,” and “Education.” The Town Center envisions a traditional neighborhood layout. The core focus will be two Town Squares one located on each side of Wolfe Road. The Town Squares “may” be linked by pedestrian bridges. The movie theatre, bowling alley, ice rink and fitness center uses will be co- located to the northwest corner of the Town Center. The Community Park and Nature Area is a 30-acre “rooftop landscape,” designed to rise from existing grade along the southwestern edge of the Plan Area along Stevens Creek 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 9 neighborhood to the center of the Plan Area, west of North Wolfe Road, and “then decrease in height east of North Wolfe Road.” The Community Park and Nature Area may be used for a variety of uses, including community gathering, performances, dining, relaxation, and native planting areas. As described below, the Community Park and Nature Area will also include 2.8 miles of trails for walking, hiking, jogging and docent-led educational tours. The “Education” component of the plan centers on a commitment to provide “community benefits for local schools . . . valued in the aggregate at no less than 10 times the legally-required amount, which would represent a total financial contribution of approximately $40 million.” (C-40.) Section 2.3.3 describes some options for providing this benefit, subject to school district approval. These options include “construction and 34-year charitable lease of a new 10,000 square foot, turn-key High School science and engineering ‘Innovation Center’”; Construction and 34-year charitable lease of up to 5,000 square feet of classroom and/or administrative space for FUHSD’s Adult School; a new 700 student elementary school at the former Nan Allan Elementary School site; and a community hub building of at least 6,000 square feet for use by study groups and parent volunteer meetings. The Specific Plan does not require a developer to provide any of these particular options, but rather describes them as possible ways of providing benefits for local schools “valued in the aggregate at no less than 10 times the legally-required amount.” (These benefits are further analyzed in Chapter III.A of the Report.) Section 2.3.4 describes the types and amounts of development permitted within the Plan Area. Table 2-1, the “Land Use Summary,” (at page C-42 of the Initiative) sets forth the permitted uses and amounts in summary form. Permitted uses, which are further defined in Section 2.6 of the Plan (beginning at page C-77), include: Residential. 389 residential units, which may be increased up to the maximum amount permitted under the General Plan with the issuance of a conditional use permit (or CUP). A minimum of 80 residential units, or 20% of the total number of residential units, whichever is greater, must be dedicated senior housing. As explained in Chapter III.A, these provisions could allow for an increase up to 800 units. Office. A maximum of 2,000,000 sf of office space. At least 100,000 sf of the office space developed must be “incubator work space and multi-tenant spaces for start-ups and new and emerging technologies, per General Plan.” Commercial. Approximately 640,000 sf of commercial, of which at least 600,000 sf must be retail (which includes “community and regional retail, entertainment, and personal services”); up to 40,000 sf may be “fitness” (e.g., a fitness center). Public/Civic. At least 50,000 sf public/civic space, which may be increased up to 100,000 sf if office space is reduced commensurately. Town Center Squares. Two “town squares” (Town Square West and Town Square East), which together must comprise at least 3 acres. Community Park and Nature Area. A 30-acre rooftop community park and nature area accessible to the public. This rooftop park must also include at least 3.8 miles of public trails. 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 10 Services, Facility management, & Loading. 120,000 sf dedicated to services, facility management, and loading, including central plants, loading docks, and maintenance facilities. Parking. Approximately 9,060 parking spaces located below grade, above grade and at street level. Deviation from this number by more than 5% (450 stalls) requires approval by the City’s Community Development Director. Hotel. The City has already approved a 148-room hotel on Block 13 of the Plan Area. The Specific Plan also permits a 191-room hotel on Block 14. However, parking shall also be a permitted use on Block 14. Section 2.4 divides the Plan Area into five “land use districts,” “to help describe the predominant land uses and their locations.” However, the Plan also notes that these districts are not “meant to serve as zoning designations,” and that “[t]he allocation of space for each land use may vary between districts and construction sequencing, as long as the total gross development area for each land use is not exceeded.” (C-53.) These districts include: Town Center Retail/Residential District (Blocks 1, 2, 4), bounded by Stevens Creek, the Portal Neighborhood, the Mixed-Use Entertainment District and North Wolfe Road. Commercial uses may include retail, personal services, civic, and small format medical uses. Residential uses are also envisioned on upper levels. This district will include a portion of Town Square West, a publicly-accessible plaza. A 10,000 square foot, turn-key High School Innovation Center may also be located in this district. Town Center Retail/Entertainment/Office/Residential District (Blocks 3, 5, & 6), bounded by 2nd Street, N. Wolfe Road, Vallco Parkway, and A Street. The Plan anticipates that new and existing entertainment uses, including a multiplex movie theater, bowling alley, and ice rink, will be located in this district. A portion of Town Square West will also be included in this district. Town Center Retail/Office District (Blocks 7 – 12), bounded by 2nd Street, N. Wolfe Road, Vallco Parkway, and E Street. This district will contain Class-A office space, Amenity & Support Space, and Town Square East, “a quiet compliment to the active heart of Town Square West.” A transit center for employees is also envisioned in this district. Town Center Hotel District (Blocks 3, 14), south of I-280 on either side of N. Wolfe Road. On the east side of North Wolfe Roade, Block 13 is already approved for the development of a 148-room hotel. The majority of Block 14 is currently occupied by a surface parking lock. Block 14 may be developed with a hotel with up to 191 rooms; it also may remain a parking lot or be used as part of the planned North Wolfe Road/I-280 interchange improvements. Community Park and Nature Area, a separate, landscaped roof structure over the redeveloped Mall portion of the Plan Area. This district will include an approximately 30-acre “Community Park and Nature Area.” A majority of the roof structure will be open to the general public and accessible for all visitors. Some areas will be closed to public use for safety and security reasons; other areas may only be privately-accessible by residents and employees. This 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 11 district may also include retail uses, private amenities (e.g., pool and clubhouse), and community facilities (e.g., playground, community hub, banquet hall, amphitheater). The district will provide a variety of planting zones. (See Chapter 7 for description of landscaping and design elements.) Section 2.5 provides development standards that apply to all districts in the Plan Area. According to this section, these standards address: (1) Ground Floor Activation; (2) Building Setbacks; (3) Building and Roof Height; (4) Parking; and (5) Parks and Open Space. Under these standards: ¥ Maximum building heights shall not exceed those shown on Figure 2-20. According to that figure, buildings in blocks 9-12 may be 80-95 feet high; buildings in the center of the site may be between 30-80 feet high; and buildings along the western edge may not exceed 65 feet high.3 ¥ Figures 2-18 and 2-19 show 20 to 30 foot setbacks from public roadways and existing residential areas. ¥ There does not appear to be a maximum height for the separate green roof structure. However, rooftop pavilions cannot be higher than 24 feet (single story) from the finished floor elevation at Community Park and Nature Area level. Rooftop pavilions shall be set back from the edge the roof at least 100 feet if above westernmost Blocks 1 and 3 (and Block 14 if part of the park structure); they must also comply with the 1:1 building plane. No mechanical structures, other than those necessary to support the respective rooftop pavilions, may be placed on top of the rooftop. ¥ Parking must be provided in accordance with the City of Cupertino Municipal Code Parking Regulations, with certain adjustments. According to the Specific Plan, these regulations, as adjusted, would require 9,060 parking stalls for development of the Town Center, excluding development of Blocks 13 and 14. The remaining development standards contained in Section 2.5 are fairly general and flexible. For example, Section 2.5.6 requires the Town Squares to “incorporate high-quality furnishings and materials” and “incorporate landscaping that is distinctive and visually attractive.” The Community Park and Nature Area must “[i]ncorporate thematic landscaping that is based on the native ecologies of Santa Clara Valley and is resilient to climate conditions, such as extended period of drought and increasing global temperatures.” Table 2-2, included in Section 2.6, lists the permitted, conditional, and excluded uses. According to Section 2.6, “[t]hese descriptions are representative of the types of land uses envisioned and are not meant to be completely inclusive.” Other uses that, in the opinion of the City’s Director of Community Development, are similar to those listed in Table 2-2 and do not create significant adverse impacts, “are permitted or conditionally permitted.” Moreover, the 3 Section 2.5.4 notes that, because the Community Park and Nature Area will be on a separate green roof structure, 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 12 City’s Director of Community Development retains discretion to permit uses that are “fundamentally different.” According to Table 2-2, a broad range of uses are permitted in four of the five land use districts (Town Center Retail/Residential; Town Center Retail/Entertainment/Office/Residential; Town Center Retail/Office; and Community Park and Nature Area). For example, within the Community Park and Nature Area, permitted uses include Alcohol Sales, Community Retail, Community Space, Educational Uses, Entertainment, Eating Establishments, Outdoor Dining, along with more traditional park uses such as Agricultural Uses, Outdoor Uses, and Parks and Open Space. Fewer uses are permitted in the Town Center Hotel District, but there remain numerous Conditional uses in that District as well. The remainder of Section 2.6 defines the various uses. Section 2.7 contains general provisions applicable to all land uses within the Plan Area. Section 2.7.1 provides that, if any provision of the Specific Plan or application of the Plan is found to be invalid, that finding shall not affect the remaining provisions or applications. Section 2.7.3 provides that the Specific Plan will constitute the zoning for the Plan Area. Any subsequent development must be consistent with the development standards contained in the Specific Plan. Section 2.7.8 provides that existing uses within the Plan Area are deemed legal nonconforming uses, and can continue as an interim use “subject to the Cupertino Municipal Code.” The intent of the Specific Plan is that “legal nonconforming uses are allowed until such time as market conditions cause the property on which they are situated to be redeveloped.” D. Chapter 3: Community Benefits (Pages C-86 to C-91) Chapter 3 of the Specific Plan describes the “community benefits” that must, or, in some cases, may, be provided as part of a Development Agreement or as a condition of approval in the Master Site Development Agreement. The Specific Plan divides these “community benefits” into six categories. 3.2. Civic Benefits. The proposed Civic Benefits include ¥ A 30-acre “Green Roof and Community Park,” accessible to the public with 3.8 miles of public trails. The park must be privately constructed and maintained at no cost to taxpayers, and irrigated by recycled water. ¥ A sustainable design goal of achieving the highest level of certification from a globally recognized environmental sustainability certification program, such as LEED Platinum certification or its equivalency. ¥ Two ground-level “Town Squares” (totaling 3 acres) “programmed to accommodate civic, cultural, community, and school events, performances and celebrations.” ¥ Improvements to existing utility infrastructural system (including extension of recycled water infrastructure). 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 13 ¥ Community facilities,4 including 20,000 square feet of banquet/event hall; community hub building (6,000 square feet); a 300-seat amphitheater; and a playground. ¥ Charitable lease(s) for 5,000 square feet of civic space.5 ¥ An option for a project applicant to provide up to an additional 50,000 square feet for an appropriate, necessary and meritorious civic use subject to a separate agreement with the City. Any civic space over and above 50,000 square feet will require an equal reduction in the Vallco Area’s office space allocation. Section 3.3. Education Benefits. The Specific Plan requires that, “[i]n addition to paying the maximum state-required school fees, which are expected to be approximately $4 million, the Plan Area will provide . . . community benefits for local schools . . . valued in the aggregate at no less than 10 times the legally-required amount . . .” The Plan provides some examples of the types of “in-kind” or monetary contributions that would be “strongly encouraged” (e.g., providing space, buildings, facilities on-site, in lieu parcel tax), but notes that the relevant school districts (Fremont Unified High School District (“FUHSD”) and Cupertino Union School District (“CUSD”)) must be consulted about their needs before final plans approved. Section 3.4. Housing Benefits. The Housing Benefits include a provision “strongly encourag[ing]” compliance with the City’s Below Market Rate (“BMR”) Housing Mitigation Program “by providing affordable units on-site rather than paying the City’s in-lieu fee.” Also, to the extent permitted by law, the Specific Plan would give CUSD and FUHSD teachers housing priority. At least 80 residential units (or 20% of total number of units, whichever is greater) would be dedicated senior housing. Section 3.5. Land Use and City Revenue Benefits. These proposed benefits include: ¥ A requirement that at least 25% of the retail component, including a new multiplex movie theater, be delivered in the initial construction sequence of the Plan Area (not including the hotel on Block 13) and allowing for the continuous operation of the existing multiplex movie theater during initial construction sequence. ¥ A commitment to demolish 100% of the remaining existing Mall improvements within 6 months of receiving a certificate of occupancy for the initial retail component, “subject to existing leases and an appropriate temporary improvement plan for demolished areas.” 4 “Community Facilities” are not defined in the Specific Plan. However, “Community Space” is defined in Section 2.6.8. 5 The Specific Plan does not define “charitable leases.” 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 14 ¥ A commitment to office tenant diversity by providing a minimum of l00,000 square feet of incubator work space and/or multi-tenant office spaces for multiple start-ups and/or emerging or mid-size companies, with a preference for local companies. ¥ A requirement to retain healthy trees and existing walls and encouraging inactive and/or generously set-back building facades along the Plan Area’s western property line, to protect adjacent residential property owners. Section 3.6. Mobility and Connectivity. Section 3.6 requires contributions to local transportation improvements, including: ¥ donating $6 million to the City for a bike/pedestrian trail along I-280 and “[c]onstruct and/or fund additional improvements to pedestrian and bike trail(s) throughout the Plan Area, including along the entirety of the existing Perimeter Road”; ¥ providing “fair share financial contribution of $30 million for freeway infrastructure, specifically improvements for North Wolfe Road and I-280 overpass and interchange and future I-280 freeway segment improvements;” ¥ requiring a project applicant to “spearhead and provide substantial funding for a community effort to provide a free community shuttle, in partnership with the City, VTA, local school districts, property owners, and/or corporate employers”; and ¥ funding certain traffic signal timing improvements. This section also requires, consistent with the Specific Plan’s “Environmental Design Features,” the preparation and implementation of a Transportation Demand Management (“TDM”) Plan “with an overall target of reducing Specific Plan office-generated weekday peak hour trips by 30 percent below applicable Institute of Transportation Engineers trip generation rates.” In additional, it sets “[a] goal to establish such a successful retail model, efficient traffic circulation plan, and popular bicyclist and pedestrian environment to enable the majority of the streets in the Plan Area to be permanently closed (market conditions permitting).” Section 3.7. Environmental Design Feature Benefits. In addition to the community benefits listed in Chapter 3, the Specific Plan also requires “Environmental Design Features” (“EDF”), which are intended to mitigate potentially significant environmental impacts caused by development permitted by the Specific Plan. These additional EDFs are listed in Appendix A to the Specific Plan (Initiative pages C-211 – 227). Chapter 3 further provides that these community benefits “may be agreed to through a [Development Agreement] or may be set forth as conditions of approval.” Section 3.1 (page 3-1; C-87). The timing for providing these benefits is largely left to subsequent approvals (either the Development Agreement or the “Master Site Development Permit,” discussed in Chapter 9 of the Specific Plan; See, Section 3.8, C-91). 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 15 E. Chapter 4: Mobility & Connectivity (Pages C-92 to C-128) Chapter 4 describes the plans that must be prepared, and improvements that must be made, related to mobility and connectivity for pedestrians, bicyclists, public transit, automobiles, and service vehicles. Intersections “will be designed to accommodate vehicle, pedestrian, and bike traffic.” A new proposed intersection at Wolfe Road and 2nd Street will provide east-west bidirectional bike lands to allow bicycles and pedestrians to cross without conflicts with turning vehicles. Chapter 4 discusses, among other things, a landscaped pedestrian bridge over North Wolfe Road to replace the existing enclosed bridge, and further describes access to the below-grade garages. The Plan describes two options for the Perimeter Road Tunnel: (1) modification to accommodate alternate modes of transportation, including bicycle, pedestrians, and small service vehicles; or (2) construction of dedicated off-or on-ramps from 280 in and out of the Town Center. (C-95) The Community Park and Nature area access will be provided through walkways and elevators. (See, Figure 4-3.) The Plan also envisions a shared use path around its boundary to connect future trails. Chapter 4 also includes, among other items, improvements to Portal Avenue, Tantau Avenue, conceptual pedestrian and bicycle connectivity plan diagrams; descriptions of the planned “Mobility Hub” and transit centers; a conceptual vehicle access plan; conceptual street design elements; and a description of the As for Vehicle Circulation, the Plan calls for safe pedestrian and bicycle crossings at the access points, and temporary street closures during peak times. The Conceptual Vehicle Access Plan describes the primary roadway access points, the street hierarchy, connectors, and Traffic Zones which are closed to cars during events. Conceptual Plans for the Retail Entertainment Streets, Retail/Office Streets, Entrance Streets, and Municipal Streets describe vehicular and bicycle lanes of travel, as well as sidewalks and planting areas. Off-Site Transportation improvements include projects to be coordinated with the VTA, Caltrans, and the City, and are listed in Appendix A Environmental Design Features. Transportation Demand Management (TDM) strategies (e.g., partial funding for free community shuttle, bicycle and pedestrian facilities) that “are committed to be implemented” as part of development of the Plan area. A TDM coordinator will be hired to “fully implement and sustain the TDM strategies. “[P]arking is closely related to the Town Center’s efforts to reduce driving. In correspondence with the mandatory reduction in trips, a reduction (compared to the Cupertino Municipal Code) in office parking spaces is planned.” (C-128). The Plan describes non- automobile transportation methods to support parking reduction including walking and cycling improvements. F. Chapter 5: Sustainable & Smart City Strategies (Pages C-129 to C-137) Chapter 5 describes strategies for addressing “economic, social and environmental sustainability.” These strategies include the provision of the 30-acre green roof, use of non- potable water for landscape irrigation, green building standards, urban design and accessibility goals, and provision of community spaces and recreational facilities. The stated sustainability goal is to achieve the highest level of “globally recognized environmental sustainability certification program, such as LEED Platinum, or equivalency.” 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 16 G. Chapter 6: Infrastructure & Public Facilities (Pages C-138 to C-148) Chapter 6 describes the public services that will be required within the Plan Area (e.g., water, sewer, fire, etc.), including the entities responsible for providing those services and projected water supply and demand. Chapter 6 also describes necessary stormwater management including installation of a new public storm drain, treatment measures, wastewater system improvements, and other utility improvements. The Plan describes collection and reuse of rainwater for the Community Park and Nature Area. (C-141.) The Plan identifies a net increase of total water demand of 155 (Acre Feet per Year). The Conceptual Waste Water Plan will, among other things, reroute the main sewer, and upgrade existing lines to accommodate projected flows. (C-146.) H. Chapter 7: Landscaping & the Public Realm (Pages C-149 to C-168) Chapter 7 describes the landscape design principles applicable to the parks, streetscape, and public gathering spaces within the Plan Area. This Chapter clarifies that “a vast majority of the Community Park and Nature Area will be fully accessible by the public,” but that “there will be some limited access areas open only to residents and office workers.” (C-154.) The Tree Retention and Replanting Plan identifies 894 existing trees, and requires a developer to “maintain a majority of the existing trees located on North Wolfe Road, Stevens Creek Boulevard, and the landscape buffer along the western perimeter of the new Plan Area. (C-153.) Chapter 7 describes the Community Park and Nature Area’s planting zones, drainage, soils, typical planting cross sections, lighting, wind protection and safety. For the Town Squares, the Plan describes the streetscapes and plantings. The “private open space” for the residential units in the Community Park and Nature Area will be provided “in lieu of balconies or private back yards.” The Chapter also describes streetscape landscaping including canopy trees. I. Chapter 8: Town Center Design Guidelines (Pages C-169 to C-195) Chapter 8 sets forth design principles and guidelines for development within the Plan Area. According to the introduction to this Chapter, these guidelines augment but do not replace “applicable codes, standards, and ordinance provisions associated with the permitting process.” The extent to which the Initiative’s guidelines and standards would supplant other provisions of the City’s Municipal Code is discussed in Chapter III.A. This Chapter describes the streetscape furnishings, bicycle parking, lighting standards, design of transit shelters and public art which will be incorporated as defined by the Cupertino Municipal Code. (C-182.) It further provides site and building guidelines for future developers. This Chapter also requires the preparation of a Master Sign Program (“MSP”), which will not necessarily comply with the Zoning Code requirements of Chapter 19.104 of the Municipal Code. See page C-187. Instead, the MSP will comply with the design guidelines set forth in Sections 8.5.1 and 8.5.2 of the Specific Plan. J. Chapter 9: Administration (Pages C-196 to C-210) Chapter 9 describes the development review procedures applicable to any proposal for development under the Specific Plan. Section 9.1 provides that development within the Plan Area (except for Block 13 and any portion of Block 14 not processed as part of the 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 17 Town Center) is governed by the standards and guidelines of the Specific Plan. “Any issues not addressed in the Specific Plan shall be subject to the Cupertino Municipal Code unless a strict application of the Municipal Code would frustrate the intent of the Specific Plan.” If any provision of the Municipal Code conflicts with the Specific Plan, the provisions of the Specific Plan “shall control.” See page C-197. As noted above, the effect of these provisions on the standards in the City’s Municipal Code is discussed in Chapter III.A. Any development under the Specific Plan will require at least two subsequent approvals by the Director of Community Development (“Director”): (1) a Master Site Development Permit (“MSDP”); and (2) Architectural and Site Review (“ASR”). In addition, as noted above, the Director may also approve a Conditional Use Permit to increase the number of residential units from 389 (the number allocated to the Vallco Site in the General Plan and Housing Element), provided the total number of units approved is consistent with the General Plan. The Director must review any proposed MSDP or ASR for “substantial conformance” with the Specific Plan. Substantial conformance is further defined in Section 9.5.1. Any determinations or administrative interpretations by the Director regarding a proposed MSDP, ASR, or CUP may be appealed directly to the City Council. Additional approvals may be required (e.g., subdivision map, grading permits, encroachment permits, etc.). Any application for an MSDP must include, among other information, “[t]he proposed conceptual site development plan indicating a street-level plan and roof-level Community Park and Nature Area plan for: the location of all buildings and structures; the location and types of land uses; paved areas, such as roadways, driveways, alleys, access points, and walkways; and general landscaping scheme.” Page C-201. The MSDP application must also contain a proposed traffic-circulation system and conceptual construction sequencing plan. The Director “shall issue” the MSDP if the following findings can be made: ¥ The application promotes the goals and objectives contained in the General Plan; and ¥ The application substantially conforms with the Specific Plan. (C-201.) Thus, as described in more detail in Chapter III.A of the Report, the Initiative would significantly limit the City’s authority or discretion to require changes to a development plan for the Vallco site as long the proposed MSDP “substantially conforms” to the Specific Plan. Applications for Architectural and Site Review must include “architectural drawings of the proposed development, building additions or other structures;” color renderings of exterior facades, and a landscape plan. Once again, the Director “shall issue” an ASR approval if the following findings can be made: ¥ The application promotes the goals and objectives contained in the General Plan; ¥ The application substantially conforms with the Specific Plan; and 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 18 ¥ The application substantially conforms with a number of listed design criteria, including the design guidelines from Chapter 8 of the Specific Plan. (C-201.) This provision, like the one requiring approval of the MSDR, would significantly limit the City’s authority or discretion to require changes to architectural and site design plans for the Vallco site as long the proposed ASR “substantially conforms” to the design guidelines in the Specific Plan. Section 9.4.3 describes the process for reviewing applications for an MSDP or ASR. This section states that these permits “shall be reviewed for substantial conformance with the Specific Plan and approved administratively by the [Director] or designee.” (C-202.) MSDP and ASR approval require a public meeting, with public notice comparable to that provided for similar public meetings. The Plan states that “[n]o comment period shall be required for” approval of a MSDP or ASR. The MSDP or ASR approval expires within two years of its effective date unless certain conditions are met. Section 9.5 defines “substantial conformance,” and lists a number of changes, modifications, and deviations from the Specific Plan that may be made and still remain in “substantial conformance.” This list includes minor modifications to development standards, landscape materials, architectural or design guidelines, etc. This Section also provides that additional conditions, features, or mitigation measures that avoid or minimize environmental effects of the Specific Plan may be included in a MSDP or ASR without rendering those permits non-conforming, “provided that such features, conditions or measures are feasible, linked with a legitimate governmental interest (i.e., there is an essential nexus), roughly proportional, and consistent with the intent and purpose of this Specific Plan.” Page C-203. However, “in no event may additional conditions, Environmental Design Features, or mitigation measures conflict with or impede the final policy decision[s]” included in the Specific Plan, including those regarding permitted uses or densities, off-site transportation improvements, “administration, implementation and financing.” Thus, this provision, like the others discussed above, may significantly limit the City’s ability to impose any additional conditions or mitigation measures on the MSDP or ASR if doing so would conflict with or impeded development according to the Specific Plan. Section 9.5.2 provides that, prior to January 1, 2027, the Specific Plan can only be amended “by ballot measure approved at an election by the City of Cupertino voters.” If there is litigation challenging the Initiative, this date will be extended for a period equal to the period of time during which the litigation is pending. Section 9.6 describes the construction sequencing for development under the Specific Plan. This section explains that the Plan “may be implemented over time and in a sequenced approach.” (C-204.) “Demolition and subsequent construction of the Mall portion of the Plan Area is expected to occur in a single phase over five years.” However, “[t]he actual timing of construction may vary.” Demolition of all Mall buildings must begin within 6 months of the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy for the first completed Mall buildings, unless the Director makes certain findings and allows an extension. Similarly, “[t]o ensure the timely construction of the Town Center Entertainment/Office/Residential District, no Certificate of 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 19 Occupancy shall be issued for any office building until the shell and core of building [sic] located in Blocks 3 and 6 (entertainment, civic, and office uses) has been substantially completed.” The “anticipated sequence of Plan Area construction” is shown in Figure 9-1. However, that sequencing is subject to change depending on events outside the reasonable control of the project applicant, such as significant adverse market and economic conditions, site access constraints, natural events (e.g., severe weather events, earthquakes, fire), and legal challenges.” Section 9.7 states that all infrastructure, facilities, and improvements must be “installed, constructed, and completed prior to or concurrent with need.” Sections 9.7 and 9.8 then describe financing mechanisms that could be used to fund this work, including community facilities districts, landowner funding agreements, development impact fees, and private financing. Section 9.9 refers to and incorporates Appendix A, which lists a number of “Environmental Design Features” required to be applied to any development under the Specific Plan. Section 9.9 further provides that the City shall implement a monitoring and enforcement program to ensure compliance with these EDFs. As part of the 9212 Report, the City has prepared an Environmental Analysis (Appendix 5 to the 9212 Report) that describes these EDFs and compares them to the measures that would typically be applied to a development project like the Specific Plan under the City’s normal environmental review and permitting process. VI. Section 6. Implementation of the Initiative. (Page 16 of the Initiative) This section contains three provisions related to when the Initiative would go into effect and what the City must do to implement the Initiative following the effective date. Subsection A requires the City to “promptly take all appropriate actions needed to implement this Initiative” once it is effective. This subsection also provides that the Initiative will be considered “adopted and effective upon the earliest date legally possible after the Elections Official certifies the vote on the Initiative by the voters of the City of Cupertino.” Under the Elections Code, an adopted initiative “shall go into effect 10 days after” the date the Elections Official certifies the vote. Elections Code § 9217. Subsection B provides that, “[u]pon the effective date of this Initiative, the provisions of Section 3” (i.e., the Initiative’s changes to the General Plan) will be automatically inserted into the General Plan, unless, at that time, the City has already made the four General Plan Amendments permitted by state law in any year. If the City cannot make any additional changes to the General Plan in the year the Initiative is adopted, this subsection requires the City to make the General Plan amendments set forth in the Initiative on January 1 of the following year. Subsection C states the proponents’ view that the General Plan in effect when they filed the “Notice of Intent to Circulate” the Initiative (“Filing Date”), and the General Plan as amended by the Initiative, “comprise an integrated, internally consistent and compatible statement of policies for the City.” State law requires that a City’s General Plan be internally consistent, i.e., that it not include substantial contradictions and inconsistencies that would prevent those subject to the plan from determining what it says should happen or not happen. 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 20 Friends of Aviara v. City of Carlsbad (2012) 210 Cal.App.4th 1103, 1112; . Gov. Code § 65300.5. Subsection C further provides that, if any provision of the General Plan is amended between the Filing Date and the effective date of the Initiative’s General Plan amendments, and if these interim amendments are inconsistent with the Initiative’s General Plan amendments, the City must amend the General Plan “as soon as possible and in the manner and time required by state law to ensure consistency between the provisions adopted by the Initiative and other elements of the General Plan.” Most land use initiatives contain similar “conformity” provisions authorizing and directing the governing city council or board of supervisors to implement the measure’s terms. To the extent this provision simply directs that the City implement the Initiative and revise subordinate laws to conform with the General Plan, these provisions appear to be valid. See Pala Band of Mission Indians v. San Diego County (1997) 54 Cal.App.4th 565, 577 n.8. VII. Section 7. Effect of Other Measures on the Same Ballot. (Pages 7-8 of the Initiative) This section provides that the purpose of the Initiative is to “create a comprehensive regulatory plan to govern the future use and development of the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan area.” Thus, if the voters adopt both this Initiative and another initiative on the same ballot that would “regulate the use or development of property within the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan area in any manner whatsoever” (“Conflicting Initiative”), only the measure that receives the greatest number of affirmative votes “shall control in its entirety.” All other conflicting measures “shall be rendered void and without any legal effect.” This section further provides that the Initiative shall not be interpreted to operate in conjunction with any Conflicting Initiative, even if some of the provisions of this Initiative and the Conflicting Initiative do not directly conflict. Moreover, if this Initiative and a Conflicting Initiative are adopted by the voters, and the Conflicting Initiative receives more affirmative votes but is later held invalid, “this Initiative shall be self-executing and given full force of law.” This provision appears to be consistent with existing case law regarding “competing” ballot measures. Under existing law, the general rule is that, if provisions of two competing ballot measures conflict, and if both measures are passed at the same election, the provisions of the measure with the highest affirmative vote shall prevail. Cal. Const. Art. II, § 10(b); Elections Code § 9221; see Taxpayers to Limit Campaign Spending v. Fair Political Practices Commission (1990) 51 Cal.3d 744, 770; Yoshisato v. Superior Court (1992) 2 Cal.4th 978, 987-988. However, if measures are presented to voters as complementary or supplementary, the court should engage in a section-by-section comparison of the specific features of each measure to determine whether provisions of both measures can be given effect, at least in the absence of a specific provision in one or more of the initiatives specifying otherwise. Yoshisato, 2 Cal.4th at 987-988. 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 21 As of the date of this Report, there is one other initiative measure—the Cupertino Citizens Sensible Growth Initiative6 or “CCSGI”—that has qualified for the ballot in Cupertino and may conflict, at least in part, with this Initiative. In light of the existing case law and the provisions of Section 7, if both this Initiative and the CCSGI Initiative are adopted by the voters, then a court would likely conclude that the measure obtaining the most votes takes effect in its entirety and that the measure receiving fewer votes does not take effect at all. VIII. Section 8. Interpretation and Severability. (Page 8 of the Initiative) Subsection 8(A) contains a standard “severability” clause, similar to those found in most laws. This clause is designed to protect the rest of the Initiative if one or more provisions are held invalid by a court. This subsection also declares that, if any provision of the Initiative is found invalid as applied to one person or circumstance, that finding does not mean that the Initiative will necessarily be invalid as applied to other people or circumstances. Subsection 8(B) provides that, if any portion of the Initiative is held invalid by a court, the voters have a “strong desire” for the City Council to re-enact that provision, “taking all steps possible to cure any inadequacies or deficiencies identified by the court in a manner consistent with the express and implied intent of this Initiative.” This subsection does not require the City to re-enact any portion of the Initiative that is held invalid, but rather expresses the voters desire for the City to try to do so. Subsection 8(C) states that the Initiative “must be broadly construed in order to achieve the purposes stated above,” and that it is the intent of the voters that the City “and others” interpret and implement the Initiative “in a manner that facilitates the purpose set forth in the Initiative.” As noted above, both courts and the City would normally look to the purpose of the Initiative in interpreting and implementing its provisions. This subsection states the voters wish that the City and others do so. IX. Section 9. Amendment. (Page 8 of the Initiative) This section of the Initiative states that, prior to January 1, 2027, no provision of the Initiative, including the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan, may be amended without voter approval. On or after January 1, 2027, the Initiative, including the Specific Plan, may be amended or repealed by any procedure authorized by law. Under state law, legislation adopted by voter initiative may never be amended without voter approval unless the initiative itself provides otherwise. Elections Code § 9217. Thus, this section limits the requirement for future voter approval to amendments made within approximately ten years on the Initiative’s adoption. X. Section 10. List of Initiative Exhibits. (Page 8 of the Initiative) 6 The official title for this other measure is: “Initiative amending Cupertino’s General Plan to limit redevelopment of the Vallco Shopping District, limit building heights and lot coverages in areas throughout the City, establish new setbacks and building planes on major thoroughfares, and require voter approval for any changes to these provisions.” (Referred to in this Appendix as “the Better Cupertino Initiative.”) 9212 Report – City of Cupertino Appendix 2 | Page 22 This section lists the exhibits attached to the Initiative and provides that the Exhibits are incorporated by reference into the Initiative. The Exhibits include: Exhibit A – Amendment to General Plan Land Use Map; Exhibit B – Amendment to Zoning Map; Exhibit C – Vallco Town Center Specific Plan; Exhibit D – General Plan Consistency Chart.7 7 Exhibits D is an 86-page table that lists a number of General Plan goals and policies and states the Initiative proponents’ rationale for why the Specific Plan is consistent with these goals and policies. The Initiative states that this table is provided for “informational purposes only.” As described in the Report, it appears that the Specific Plan is consistent with the City’s General Plan as amended by the Initiative. 9212 Report – City of Cupertino June 2016 | Appendix 3 Appendix 3 California Elections Code, Section 9212 (a) During the circulation of the petition, or before taking either action described in subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 9214, or Section 9215, the legislative body may refer the proposed initiative measure to any city agency or agencies for a report on any or all of the following: (1) Its fiscal impact. (2) Its effect on the internal consistency of the city's general and specific plans, including the housing element, the consistency between planning and zoning, and the limitations on city actions under Section 65008 of the Government Code and Chapters 4.2 (commencing with Section 65913) and 4.3 (commencing with Section 65915) of Division 1 of Title 7 of the Government Code. (3) Its effect on the use of land, the impact on the availability and location of housing, and the ability of the city to meet its regional housing needs. (4) Its impact on funding for infrastructure of all types, including, but not limited to, transportation, schools, parks, and open space. The report may also discuss whether the measure would be likely to result in increased infrastructure costs or savings, including the costs of infrastructure maintenance, to current residents and businesses. (5) Its impact on the community's ability to attract and retain business and employment. (6) Its impact on the uses of vacant parcels of land. (7) Its impact on agricultural lands, open space, traffic congestion, existing business districts, and developed areas designated for revitalization. (8) Any other matters the legislative body requests to be in the report. (b) The report shall be presented to the legislative body within the time prescribed by the legislative body, but no later than 30 days after the elections official certifies to the legislative body the sufficiency of the petition. RESOLUTION NO. 16-027 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO DIRECTING CITY STAFF TO PREPARE A REPORT ON THE EFFECTS OF THE PROPOSED INITIATIVE ENTITLED "INITIATIVE ADOPTING THE VALLCO TOWN CENTER SPECIFIC PLAN TO (1) PROVIDE THAT THE VALLCO SHOPPING DISTRICT SPECIAL AREA(" AREA") CONTAINS A MIXTURE OF RESIDENTIAL, OFFICE, RETAIL, CIVIC AND EDUCATION USES; (2) REQUIRE ANY DEVELOPMENT TO FUND OR PROVIDE COMMUNITY BENEFITS SUCH AS TRANSIT, SCHOOLS, A GREEN ROOF, AND RECYCLED WATER; AND (3) GRANT THE PROPERTY OWNER INITIAL ENTITLEMENTS TO DEVELOP IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INITIATIVE AND ESTABLISH A PROCESS FOR FUTURE APPROVALS; AND MAKING RELATED AMENDMENTS TO CUPERTINO'S GENERAL PLAN AND MUNICIPAL CODE" AND TO APPROPRIATE FUNDS FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE REPORT WHEREAS, on March 3, 2016, Vicky Tsai and Judy Wilson submitted to the City Clerk a Notice of Intent to circulate an initiative petition ("Valko Initiative") and a request for the City Attorney to prepare the official ballot title and summary; and WHEREAS, on March 18, 2016, the City Attorney prepared the Title and Summary for the Valko Initiative and provided it to the proponents; and WHEREAS, Elections Code section 9212 authorizes the City Council to direct City staff to prepare a report on the impacts of the Initiative, including seven specified types of impacts as well as on "any other matter" that the City Council requests to be included in the report; and WHEREAS, the City Council has determined that such a report would provide valuable information about the Valko Initiative to the Council and to all interested residents of the City; and WHEREAS, the preparation of an Elections Code section 9212 report is not a project under provisions and requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act of 1970, together with related State CEQA Guidelines (collectively, "CEQA"), in that this is administrative action which does not involve a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect impact on the physical environment; and; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: APPENDIX 4 9212 Environmental Analysis Initiative adopting the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan to (1) provide that the Vallco Shopping District Special Area (“Area”) contains a mixture of residential, office, retail, civic and educational uses; (2) require any development to fund or provide community benefits such as transit, schools, a green roof, and recycled water; and (3) grant the property owner initial entitlements to develop in accordance with the Initiative and establish a process for future approvals; and making related amendments to Cupertino’s General Plan and Municipal Code. June 28, 2016 Prepared for: City of Cupertino Prepared by: APPENDIX 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1.0 Introduction and Summary of Initiative ......................................................................... 1 Section 2.0 Environmental Analysis ................................................................................................. 2 2.1 Adopted General Plan vs. General Plan with Initiative ........................................................ 2 2.2 Vallco Site-Specific Environmental Impacts ........................................................................ 5 2.2.1 Infrastructure ..................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.1.1 Transportation .......................................................................................................... 6 2.2.1.2 School Services ....................................................................................................... 17 2.2.1.3 Parks/Open Space ................................................................................................... 20 2.2.2 Other Public Services ...................................................................................................... 21 2.2.2.1 Police Services ........................................................................................................ 21 2.2.2.2 Fire Services ........................................................................................................... 21 2.2.2.3 Library Service ........................................................................................................ 22 2.2.3 Utilities and Service Systems .......................................................................................... 22 2.2.3.1 Wastewater Treatment/Sanitary Sewer System ....................................................... 22 2.2.3.2 Water ....................................................................................................................... 24 2.2.3.3 Energy ..................................................................................................................... 26 2.2.4 Other Environmental Issues ............................................................................................ 27 2.2.4.1 Aesthetics/Community Form ................................................................................... 27 2.2.4.2 Air Quality .............................................................................................................. 29 2.2.4.3 Biological Resources............................................................................................... 33 2.2.4.4 Cultural Resources .................................................................................................. 35 2.2.4.5 Geology and Soils ................................................................................................... 36 2.2.4.6 Greenhouse Gas Emissions ..................................................................................... 37 2.2.4.7 Hazards and Hazardous Materials ......................................................................... 38 2.2.4.8 Noise ....................................................................................................................... 40 Section 3.0 References .................................................................................................................... 44 TABLE OF CONTENTS Tables Table 1: Comparison of Citywide Development Buildout in 2040 under Adopted General Plan and General Plan with Initiative ................................................................................................................... 2 Table 2: Comparison of Population and Housing under the Adopted General Plan and General Plan with Initiative ......................................................................................................................................... 2 Table 3: Comparison of Development Assumptions for Vallco ........................................................... 4 Table 4: Summary of VTCSP EDF Consistency with City’s Typical Mitigation or Conditions of Approval .............................................................................................................................................. 43 The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 1 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 SECTION 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY OF INITIATIVE The purpose of this report is to analyze the environmental impacts of a proposed initiative for inclusion in an Elections Code 9212 report (9212 Report). The Initiative 1 would adopt the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan (VTCSP) to govern the development of the Vallco Shopping District Special Area (Vallco). The VTCSP is attached as Exhibit C to the Initiative. Vallco is an approximately 58-acre area located at the North Wolfe Road/Vallco Parkway and North Wolfe Road/Stevens Creek Boulevard intersections in the City of Cupertino. Most of Vallco (approximately 51 acres) is developed with the Vallco Shopping Mall. A 148-room hotel was recently approved on approximately two acres in the northeastern portion of the area (Hyatt House Hotel). General Plan Policy LU-19.1 requires a specific plan for Vallco prior to redevelopment of the site. The Initiative adopts a specific plan, which is the VTCSP. The VTCSP provides for a mixed-use development of 389 residential units (or up to 800 units with a Conditional Use Permit), 2.0 million square feet of office uses, 640,000 square feet of commercial uses, and 339 hotel rooms at Vallco. The VTCSP also allows the development of 50,000 square feet of public/civic space (or maximum of 100,000 square feet if office space is reduced on a per square foot basis). The Initiative also would amend the General Plan and the Municipal Code to incorporate the VTCSP. The VTCSP includes Environmental Design Features (EDFs), which are described in Appendix A of the VTCSP, and include the following: • 30-acre green roof, • LEED Platinum certification (or equivalent), • Utility infrastructure improvements, • Town squares (minimum of three acres), • Community/civic space (minimum of 50,000 square feet), • School improvements, and • Transportation improvements. The intent of the EDFs is to avoid or minimize environmental impacts that could result from the implementation of the VTCSP. 1 The City Attorney’s official Ballot Title for the Initiative is: “Initiative adopting the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan to (1) provide that the Vallco Shopping District Special Area (“Area”) contains a mixture of residential, office, retail, civic and educational uses; (2) require any development to fund or provide community benefits such as transit, schools, a green roof, and recycled water; and (3) grant the property owner initial entitlements to develop in accordance with the Initiative and establish a process for future approvals; and making related amendments to Cupertino’s General Plan and Municipal Code.” Pursuant to Section 1 of the Initiative, the short title used by the Initiative’s proponents is: “The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative” or “the Initiative.” The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 2 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 SECTION 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 2.1 ADOPTED GENERAL PLAN VS. GENERAL PLAN WITH INITIATIVE Pursuant to Elections Code Section 9212 and the City Council’s resolution authorizing preparation of a 9212 Report, this environmental analysis examines the differences between the adopted General Plan (i.e., without the Initiative) at buildout and the General Plan with the Initiative at buildout. In this way, the analysis, where possible, calculates and evaluates what the actual impacts of the Initiative will be. Table 1 summarizes the development assumptions at buildout of the City in 2040 under both the adopted General Plan and the General Plan with Initiative. As shown in Table 1, the Initiative does not change the amount of development citywide under the adopted General Plan. As a result, the total number of housing units, population, and jobs in the City at buildout would not change with the Initiative (see Table 2). Table 1: Comparison of Citywide Development Buildout in 2040 under Adopted General Plan and General Plan with Initiative Land Uses Citywidea Adopted General Plan General Plan with Initiative Change with Initiative Residential (units) 23,294 23,294 No Change Commercial (sq. ft.) 4,430,982 4,430,982 No Change Office (sq. ft.) 11,470,005 11,470,005 No Change Hotel (rooms) 1,429 1,429 No Change Note: a This table presents the maximum allowable buildout under each scenario, which is defined to include existing development “on the ground,” projects approved as of December 10, 2014, and potentially allowable future development through 2040. This definition is used consistently throughout this report. Table 2: Comparison of Population and Housing under the Adopted General Plan and General Plan with Initiative Adopted General Plan General Plan with Initiative Change with Initiative Housing Units 23,294 23,294 No Change Populationa 68,484 68,484 No Change Jobsb 48,509c 48,509 No Change Notes: a Assumes 2.94 persons per household (City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Table 4.11-3, footnote b.). b Assumes 1 job/300 sf of office; 1 job/450 sf of commercial; 0.3 jobs/hotel room (City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Table 4.11-3, footnote c.) c 4,430,982 commercial sf/450 = 9,847 commercial jobs; 11,470,005 office sf/300 = 38,233 office jobs; 1,429 hotel rooms x 0.3 = 429 hotel jobs. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 3 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 In addition, the Initiative does not change the amount of development allowable at Vallco under the adopted General Plan (see Table 3). In Table 3, The Hills at Vallco development proposal is used as an example of a project that was proposed for the Vallco site under the adopted General Plan as a point of reference. By letter dated December 21, 2015, the applicant for The Hills at Vallco requested that the City and its consultants cease work on the Environmental Impact Report in light of the filing of the Cupertino Citizens’ Sensible Growth Initiative.2 As shown in Table 3, while the adopted General Plan allows 389 residential units at Vallco, there is available housing allocation citywide to develop 800 residential units at Vallco. Unused allocations can be re-assigned elsewhere in the City (General Plan policy LU-1.2.3). For this reason, while the Initiative would not develop the maximum commercial square footage allowed by the adopted General Plan (see Table 3), there is no net decrease in citywide commercial development at buildout (see Table 2). The difference between what is proposed under the Initiative and what is allowed under the adopted General Plan citywide and at Vallco is either nonexistent, or at most minimal, and therefore, would not result in substantially different environmental impacts. Based on the above discussion, the magnitude of development and impacts from citywide buildout under the General Plan with Initiative would be the same as for citywide buildout under the adopted General Plan. The impacts of the adopted General Plan were evaluated in the certified 2014 General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning Environmental Impact Report (General Plan EIR) and 2015 General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR Final Addendum (General Plan Addendum).3 The General Plan EIR assumed Vallco would be redeveloped with 800 residential units, 2.0 million square feet of office uses, 625,335 square feet of commercial uses, and 339 hotel rooms. 2 The City Attorney’s official Ballot Title for the Cupertino Citizens’ Sensible Growth Initiative is: “Initiative amending Cupertino’s General Plan to limit redevelopment of the Vallco Shopping District, limit building heights and lot coverages in areas throughout the City, establish new setbacks and building planes on major thoroughfares, and require voter approval for any changes to these provisions.” 3 The General Plan EIR (City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning Environmental Impact Report. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014.) and General Plan Addendum (City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR Final Addendum. Adopted October 2015.) are the best resources available that evaluate the impacts of the adopted General Plan. The General Plan EIR, as amended by the Addendum, analyzed more intense development and greater citywide buildout than ultimately was approved by the City Council. Because the General Plan EIR and Addendum analyzed more development than was approved, the General Plan EIR and Addendum provide a conservative analysis of the environmental impacts from the buildout of the adopted General Plan. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 4 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 Table 3: Comparison of Development Assumptions for Vallco Land Uses Vallco Adopted General Plan General Plan with Initiative Increase/ (Decrease) As Currently Allowed Assuming 2015 Sand Hill Proposal Residential (units) a 389 800 with CUP a 389, or 800 with CUP No Changea Office (sq. ft.) 2,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 No Change Commercial (sq. ft.) b 1,200,000 (Minimum of 600,000 retained on site) 650,000 640,000 Minimal Change Hotel (rooms) c 339 339 339c No Change Notes: a The allowable number of housing units citywide would remain the same because the City’s General Plan has additional housing units available in other Planning Areas that are not allocated to specific Housing Element sites. The adopted General Plan EIR analyzed the development of up to 800 residential dwelling units on Vallco. b While the Initiative would prescribe changes at the Specific Plan level, the changes are consistent with the adopted General Plan. The General Plan allows a reduction of commercial square feet to a minimum of 600,000 square feet, and the reallocation of the remaining square feet (difference between proposed square footage and maximum allowable build out of 1,207,744 at Vallco) within the Vallco Shopping District or elsewhere in the City. (Numbers shown above are rounded to nearest 10,000 square feet for ease of discussion and analysis.) c Vallco has an allocation of 339 hotel rooms, of which the City has already approved 148 rooms for the Hyatt House Hotel. No current development plans have been submitted for the remaining 191 rooms. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 5 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 2.2 VALLCO SITE-SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS Following the Initiative sponsors’ Notice of Intent to Circulate Petition for the Initiative, Steve Lynch, a representative of Sand Hill Property Company submitted the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment (April 2016) (EA). Given the time constraints for completing the 9212 Report, the length of the EA, and the date the EA was submitted to the City, it is not possible for the City or its consultants to complete an adequate technical peer review of the entire EA. Accordingly, the following is a high-level analysis of the site-specific impacts that could occur from the development contemplated in the VTCSP under the General Plan with Initiative with CUP scenario.4 This analysis assumed development of the VTCSP would include 800 residential units (160 of which would be age restricted senior housing), 2.0 million square feet of office uses, 640,000 square feet of commercial uses, 339 hotel rooms, 50,000 square feet of public/civic space, two town squares totaling three acres, and a 30-acre green roof. This site-specific environmental analysis is primarily qualitative and based on available information and the professional judgement of the City’s environmental consultant. This analysis is not a review of the Initiative under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The site-specific analysis for each issue (1) identifies potential environmental impacts or constraints that could result from the implementation of the VTCSP and (2) discusses the adequacy of the VTCSP’s Environmental Design Features (EDFs) to mitigate or avoid environmental impacts compared to mitigation and conditions of approval the City would typically require for such impacts under the standard approval process. A summary of the consistency of the VTCSP EDFs with the City’s typical mitigation or conditions of approval is provided in Table 4 at the end of this section. Consistency of the VTCSP EDFs with mitigation measures identified in the General Plan EIR for future development is also discussed, as appropriate. Accordingly, this analysis identifies instances in which the conclusions in the EA differ from the conclusions of the 9212 Report based on the available information and professional judgement. The environmental analysis looks at effects of implementing the Initiative on the following resources: Infrastructure • Transportation • School Services • Parks/Open Space • Other Public Services (police, fire, library) • Utilities and Service Systems Other Environmental Issues • Aesthetics/Community Form • Air Quality • Biological Resources • Cultural Resources • Geology and Soils • Greenhouse Gas Emissions • Hazards and Hazardous Materials • Noise 4 The environmental analysis focuses on the environmental impacts of the General Plan with Initiative with CUP scenario because it assumes the most development under the Initiative. Lesser development (i.e., development under the General Plan with Initiative without CUP) would result in lesser impacts. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 6 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 The environmental analysis does not discuss the Initiative’s impact on the following resources for the reasons specified below: • Agricultural and Forestry Resources – Vallco is located in an urban, developed area. Vallco is not designated or used for agricultural or forestry uses; nor are properties adjacent to Vallco designated or used for agricultural or forestry uses. • Hydrology and Water Quality – Impacts to hydrology and water quality from redevelopment of Vallco would be mitigated and avoided through compliance with existing policies and regulations. • Mineral Resources – Vallco does not contain any known mineral resource, and is not designated as a locally important mineral resource recovery site. • Population and Housing – As discussed in Section 2.1, the Initiative would not affect the population and housing projections from buildout of the adopted General Plan. • Solid Waste – The estimated solid waste generation and disposal requirements for the City at buildout are the same with or without the Initiative. The solid waste impacts for buildout of the General Plan (including redevelopment of Vallco with or without the Initiative) are disclosed in the General Plan EIR. A discussion of the Initiative’s impacts on population and housing and land use are discussed in the 9212 Report. 2.2.1 Infrastructure 2.2.1.1 Transportation Development of the VTCSP is subject to applicable General Plan policies that ensure adequate transportation facilities are available to the residents of Cupertino including Policies M-1.2, M-1.3, M-2.1 through 2.6, M-3.2 through M-3.6, M-3.8, M-4.4, M-4.7, M-5.2, M-7.1, M-8.3, M-8.4, M-9.2, and M-10.1 (refer to Attachment A for referenced policies). The development of the VTCSP could result in impacts to roadways and transit, bicycle, and pedestrian facilities. Other transportation- related concerns include parking and neighborhood intrusion. The following discussion of transportation impacts is primarily based on the preliminary transportation technical assessment of the proposed The Hills at Vallco project prepared by Fehr & Peers, the City’s traffic consultant.5 Fehr & Peers prepared a memo that compares the preliminary assessment of The Hills at Vallco to the transportation analysis in the EA. A copy of this memo is included in Attachment B. Some of the analyses differ due to the differences in methodology and assumptions applied. The transportation impacts from development of the VTCSP are discussed below. 5 As shown in Table 3, the proposed The Hills at Vallco project involved a similar amount of development at Vallco as the Initiative. Therefore, in general, the transportation impacts from implementation of the VTCSP would be similar to the impacts from implementation of The Hills at Vallco. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 7 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 • Intersection Level of Service Impacts – Buildout of the General Plan (including redevelopment of Vallco with or without the Initiative) would result in significant congestion at intersections.6 As required by General Plan Policy M-10-2 and General Plan EIR Mitigation Measure TRAF-1, the City will prepare and implement a citywide Transportation Mitigation Fee Program (TMFP) to provide for funding for roadway and infrastructure improvements that would mitigate transportation impacts resulting from the buildout of the General Plan.7 As part of the TMFP, the City will prepare a “nexus” study that will serve as the basis for requiring development impact fees. The fees will be assessed when there is new construction, an increase in square footage in an existing building, or the conversion of existing square footage to a more intensive use. The City is currently in the initial stages of preparing the TMFP. Based on preliminary analysis, it is likely that 15 intersections would be significantly impacted from the VTCSP development. The EA identified five intersections that would be significantly impacted by the VTCSP development. These significantly impacted intersections are listed below. Due to the differences approach used by the City and in the EA in trip assignments for approved and pending development projects and in the amount of added project traffic, there are volume differences between what the City and the analysis in the EA assumed at intersections. These volume differences result in different impacts being identified by the City and in the EA. In addition, the EA did not evaluate traffic impacts under existing with project conditions. Significantly Impacted Intersection Identified by City EA 8 De Anza Boulevard/Homestead Road  11 De Anza Boulevard/Stevens Creek Boulevard   12 De Anza Boulevard/McClellan Road   13 De Anza Boulevard/Bollinger Road   34 Wolfe Road/Stevens Creek Boulevard   37 Miller Avenue/Bollinger Road  44 Stevens Creek Boulevard/Tantau Avenue  45 Stevens Creek Boulevard/Calvert Drive-I-280 Ramps (east)  48 Stevens Creek Boulevard/Lawrence Expressway Ramps (west)  53 Lawrence Expressway/I-280 Southbound Ramps  54 Lawrence Expressway/Mitty Way  55 Lawrence Expressway/Bollinger Road  56 Lawrence Expressway/Doyle Road  57 Lawrence Expressway/Prospect Road  58 Lawrence Expressway/Saratoga Avenue  60 SR 85 (North)/Saratoga Avenue  Total Number of Significantly Identified Intersections 15 5 6 City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Page 4.13-52. 7 Ibid. Pages 4.13-53 through 4.13-56. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 8 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 The VTCSP includes the following EDFs that would reduce impacts to significantly impacted intersections: 43. Level of Service (LOS) at Local Intersections: Prior to the issuance of the first certificate of occupancy, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall demonstrate to the reasonable satisfaction of the Public Works Director that geometric and/or signal improvements (in close collaboration with the applicable governing agencies) have been implemented at the following intersections alleviating the increase in delay due to the addition of net project traffic. To improve traffic operations where no geometrical improvements are deemed necessary, the Town Center/Community Park applicant, in conjunction with City Staff, shall contribute toward software acquisition and implementation that would improve traffic signal operations and signal coordination along the study area roadways. These improvements are subject to future City approval. The City shall have the discretion to modify these improvements or require alternative improvements, as determined by the Public Works Director, provided the modified or alternative improvements provide similar congestion relief and are similar in scope and cost. Intersection Improvements De Anza Blvd/ Homestead Rd In the AM peak, provide an eastbound right turn overlap phase De Anza Blvd/ Stevens Creek Blvd In the PM peak, provide an eastbound right turn and a northbound right turn overlap phases De Anza Blvd/ McClellan Rd In the PM peak, provide an eastbound right turn overlap phase De Anza Blvd/ Bollinger Rd In the AM peak, provide a westbound right turn overlap phase Wolfe Rd/Stevens Creek Blvd Add a second southbound left turn lane by widening 400 feet along project frontage and modify the signal accordingly. In addition, provide an overlap phase for the southbound right turn and the eastbound right turn. Alternatively, if the City prioritizes the retention of trees, the City has the option to require the applicant to provide $250,000 as an in lieu payment for traffic improvements in the area Stevens Creek Blvd/ Calvert Dr/ I-280 Ramps The intersection traffic operations will benefit due to the implementation of new traffic signal software 45. Queues at Local Intersections: Prior to the issuance of the first certificate of occupancy, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Public Works Director that geometrical improvements and signal phasing improvements (in close collaboration with the applicable governing agencies) have been implemented at the following intersections to alleviate queue length due to the addition of the net project traffic. To improve traffic operations where no geometrical improvements are deemed necessary, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall contribute $2,000,000 to $3,000,000 toward software acquisition and implementation that would improve traffic signal operations and signal coordination along the following study area intersections, subject to modifications approved by the Director of Public Works in coordination with other agencies: Intersections • De Anza Boulevard/I-280 Ramps North • De Anza Boulevard/Stevens Creek Boulevard • De Anza Boulevard/McClellan Road • De Anza Boulevard/Bollinger Road • De Anza Boulevard/SR 85 Ramps South The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 9 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 • Stevens Creek Blvd/Perimeter Road • Wolfe Road/El Camino Real • Wolfe Road/Fremont Ave • Wolfe Road/Iverness Avenue • Wolfe Road/Vallco Parkway • Wolfe Road/Stevens Creek Boulevard • Tantau Avenue/Pruneridge Avenue • Stevens Creek Blvd/Agilent Driveway 46. Queues at Intersection - De Anza Boulevard/Stevens Creek Boulevard, PM Peak, Westbound Left: To potentially eliminate the need to lengthen the westbound left turn pocket at this intersection, and prior to the issuance of final occupancy for each building sequence, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall evaluate the PM peak hour queue length to confirm if alternative signal phasing and/or geometric improvements would achieve level of service or queue that is equivalent to lengthening the westbound left turn pocket at this intersection. If geometric and/or signal phasing improvements would result in the same or better level of service and queue, then lengthening the left-turn pocket would not be required. 52. Transportation Demand Management Plan: Prior to the issuance of the first certificate of occupancy, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future office development shall prepare and implement a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Plan with an overall target of reducing Specific Plan office-generated weekday peak hour trips by 30 percent below applicable Institute of Transportation Engineers trip generation rates. Future project applicant(s) for office developments must demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Public Works Director that a TDM manager has been appointed and retained with the responsibility to implement and monitor the TDM Plan….8 55. Queues at Intersection- Lawrence Expressway/Saratoga Avenue, AM Peak, Eastbound Left: To potentially eliminate the need to lengthen the eastbound left turn pocket at this intersection, and prior to the issuance of certificate(s) of occupancy that triggers a level of service equivalent to the existing occupied Vallco Mall level of service, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall evaluate the queue length to confirm if alternative signal phasing and/or geometric improvements would achieve level of service and queue that is environmentally equivalent to lengthening the eastbound left turn pocket at this intersection . If geometric and/ or signal phasing improvements would result in an equivalent level of service and queue, then lengthening of the left-turn pocket would not be required. 56. County Expressway Facilities: Lawrence Expressway: Prior to the issuance of certificate(s) of occupancy that triggers a level of service equivalent to the existing occupied Vallco Mall level of service, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall pay a fair share contribution towards the following planned transportation improvements along Lawrence Expressway. The fair share shall be calculated as a portion of the total Specific Plan percentage fair share and consultation with County Roads and Airports Department subject to design optimization based on level of service standard, other funding sources, and local match. • Lawrence Expressway/Homestead Rd • Lawrence Expressway/Pruneridge Ave • Lawrence Expressway/Prospect Rd 8 The full text of EDF 52 is provided in Appendix A of the VTCSP. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 10 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 A discussion of the consistency of each EDF with what the City would typically require as mitigation or a condition of approval is provided below. Table 6 in Attachment B lists each impacted intersection and the corresponding EDF and/or mitigation that would typically be identified by the City under the standard approval process. VTCSP EDF 43 provides for geometric and/or signal improvements at specified intersections. The City’s support of the identified improvements in EDF 43 are summarized below. Overall, most of the identified improvements in EDF 43 are not acceptable to the City and other improvements, which are identified below, would be required by the City during the standard approval process. Intersection VTCSP EDF 43 Improvements Consistency with City’s typical mitigation or conditions of approval 8. De Anza Blvd/ Homestead Rd In the AM peak, provide an eastbound right turn overlap phase The City would not support the proposed improvement. Because the City would not likely identify a significant impact at this intersection, no improvements would be required under the standard approval process at this intersection. 11. De Anza Blvd/ Stevens Creek Blvd In the PM peak, provide an eastbound right turn and a northbound right turn overlap phases The City would not support the proposed improvement. The City would likely require the developer to pay a fair share contribution to the addition of a westbound right-turn lane from Stevens Creek Boulevard to De Anza Boulevard under the standard approval process. 12. De Anza Blvd/ McClellan Rd In the PM peak, provide an eastbound right turn overlap phase The City would not support the proposed improvement. The City would likely require the developer to realign the current off-set intersection and provide double left-turn lanes on the northbound and southbound De Anza Boulevard (with associated receiving lanes) under the standard approval process. 13. De Anza Blvd/ Bollinger Rd In the AM peak, provide a westbound right turn overlap phase The City would not support the proposed improvement. There is no feasible mitigation for this intersection that the City would support. 34. Wolfe Rd/Stevens Creek Blvd Add a second southbound left turn lane by widening 400 feet along project frontage and modify the signal accordingly. In addition, provide an overlap phase for the southbound right turn and the eastbound right turn. Alternatively, if the City prioritizes the retention of trees, the City has the option to require the applicant to provide $250,000 as an in lieu payment for traffic improvements in the area The City would support the addition of a second southbound left turn lane and signal improvements. The City would not support an overlap phase for the southbound right turn and eastbound right turn (nor the alternative in-lieu payment). Additionally, the City would likely require the developer to restripe the westbound leg to provide a designated right-turn lane by narrowing all existing lanes. 45. Stevens Creek Blvd/ Calvert Dr/ I-280 Ramps The intersection traffic operations will benefit due to the implementation of new traffic signal software The City would support new traffic signal software. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 11 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 VTCSP EDF 45 is consistent with what the City would typically require during the standard approval process to improve operations along De Anza Boulevard (between I-280 and SR 85), Wolfe Road (generally between El Camino Real and Stevens Creek Boulevard), select locations on Stevens Creek Boulevard (Agilent Driveway and Perimeter Road), and the intersection of Tantau Avenue and Pruneridge Avenue. It should be noted that as written in EDF 45, the $2 million to $3 million contribution would not solely come from the Town Center/Community Park applicant, but also other project applicants in the area; though the other project applicants are not identified. In addition, contributions toward signal software and improved signal coordination would be based on the project’s fair share contribution would typically be finalized in consultation with the City and other appropriate agencies under the standard approval process. Thus, the contribution amount could be different than what is identified in EDF 45. VTCSP EDFs 46 and 55 are consistent with what the City would typically require to reduce queue lengths. Typically the City would require queue lengths be evaluated and necessary improvements identified prior to development approval rather than prior to issuance of final occupancy permits/certificates, however. The necessary improvements would need to be completed prior to issuance of occupancy permits. VTCSP EDF 52 is consistent with what the City would typically require to reduce intersection and freeway impacts under the standard approval process. VTCSP EDF 52 is unclear how the office trip generation would be monitored. Because the office uses do not have exclusive parking areas with driveways that are separated from the remaining uses in the VTCSP, the monitoring for the TDM plan would need to be resolved in order to determine whether the TDM goals were met. VTCSP EDF 56 is consistent with what the City would require during the standard approval process to reduce impacts on Lawrence Expressway. However, because the fair share calculation is based on the number of trips added by the VTCSP and the EA identified a lower trip generation than the City would likely identify, the EA contribution would be less than what would be required by the City during the standard approval process. Additionally, VTCSP EDF 56 identifies only three intersections along Lawrence Expressway (Homestead Road, Pruneridge Avenue, and Prospect Road) that would receive funding while the City would have likely identified additional locations on Lawrence Expressway, including the I- 280 southbound ramps at Stevens Creek Boulevard, Mitty Way, Bollinger Road, Doyle Road, and Saratoga Avenue and require the payment of fair-share contributions to improvements at those intersections as well. For these reasons, VTCSP EDF 56 is inconsistent with and insufficient compared to what the City would typically require during the standard approval process. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 12 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 The City identified significantly impacted intersections that are not addressed by EDFs because of the reasons stated above regarding differences in methodology and approach. Those intersections identified by the City are listed below along with the mitigation or conditions of approval the City would likely require during the standard approval process. # Intersection City’s Typical Mitigation or Conditions of Approval 37 Miller Avenue/Bollinger Road The City would likely require the developer to pay a fair share contribution to provide a dedicated right-turn lane on southbound Miller Avenue. 44 Stevens Creek Boulevard/Tantau Avenue The City would likely require the developer to construct an additional separate left-turn lane on northbound Tantau Avenue. 60 SR 85 (North)/Saratoga Avenue The City would likely require the developer to pay a fair share contribution toward reconfiguring the northbound off-ramp approach to include two left-turn lanes and two right-turn lanes. • Freeway Level of Service Impacts – Buildout of the General Plan (including the redevelopment of Vallco with or without the Initiative) would result in significant freeway impacts. Improvements to freeways are under the jurisdiction of the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), not the City of Cupertino. The City will cooperate with Caltrans to identify improvements to the affected freeway segments and include identified freeway improvements as part of the City’s TMFP (when adopted) so that proposed projects pay their fair-share towards mitigating improvements.9 The City is currently in the initial stages of preparing the TMFP. A summary of the number of significantly impacted freeway segments from the VTCSP development is provided below. Refer to Attachment B for a list impacted freeway segments. Freeway Number of Identified Segments Impacted by City EA Existing with VTCSP conditions SR 17 2 0 SR 85 5 14 I-280 10 16 I-880 3 0 Total Segments Impacted 20 30 Cumulative with VTCSP conditions SR 17 2 3 SR 85 5 18 I-280 15 18 I-880 4 0 Total Segments Impacted 26 39 9 City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Page 4.13-59. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 13 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 Overall, the EA identified more significantly impacted freeway segments than the City would have likely identified. Specifically, the EA identified fewer impacted segments on SR 17, more impacted segments on SR 85, more impacted segments on I-280, and fewer impacted segments on I-880. The difference in freeway impacts identified by the City and in the EA are due to differences in trip generation assumptions, trip dispersion, and the volume of traffic assigned to HOV lanes. The VTCSP includes the following EDFs that would reduce freeway impacts: 22. Freeway Interchange, Overpass, and Segment Funding: Consistent with the Plan Area’s environmental design features, provide a fair share financial contribution of $30 million for freeway infrastructure, specifically the build-out of the roadway improvements planned for North Wolfe Road and I-280 overpass and interchange and future I-280 freeway segment improvements, to address traffic congestion.10 44. Level of Service at Freeway Segments: Prior to the issuance of the first certificate of occupancy, the Town Center/ Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall pay a voluntary fair share contribution of $4,000,000 towards planned transportation projects identified in VTA’s Valley Transportation Plan 2040 (VTP 2040) that would improve traffic operations of the impacted freeway segments and provide added transportation capacity on parallel facilities. The fair share contribution amount will be calculated in consultation with VTA staff with the development’s contribution to the impacted freeway segment. 52. Transportation Demand Management Plan: Prior to the issuance of the first certificate of occupancy, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future office development shall prepare and implement a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Plan with an overall target of reducing Specific Plan office-generated weekday peak hour trips by 30 percent below applicable Institute of Transportation Engineers trip generation rates. Future project applicant(s) for office developments must demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Public Works Director that a TDM manager has been appointed and retained with the responsibility to implement and monitor the TDM Plan….11 54. Wolfe Road Interchange: Prior to the issuance of certificate(s) of occupancy that triggers a level of service equivalent to the existing occupied Vallco Mall level of service, the Town Center/ Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall pay $26 million contribution towards the planned transportation improvements at the I-280 and Wolfe Road interchange subject to design optimization based on level of service standard, other funding sources, and local match.12 The concept of fair share contributions towards improvements at impacted freeway segments in Specific Plan EDFs 22, 44, and 54 is consistent with what the City would typically require under the standard approval process, although the monetary contribution by the Specific Plan would be assessed to determine the appropriate fair share contribution for all impacted freeway segments identified by the City and finalized in consultation with the City and other 10 Of the $30 million contribution, it is assumed $26 million is for improvements to the North Wolfe Road and I-280 interchange (EDF 54) and the remaining $4 million would be for future I-280 and other freeway segment improvements (EDF 44). 11 The full text of EDF 52 is provided in Appendix A of the VTCSP. 12 The $26 million payment by the VTCSP towards the planned improvements at the I-280/Wolfe Road interchange equates to approximately 25 percent of the total cost of reconstructing the interchange. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 14 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 appropriate agencies under the standard approval process. Thus, the contribution amounts could be different than what are identified in EDFs 22, 44, 54. VTCSP EDF 52 is consistent with what the City would typically require to reduce freeway impacts under the standard approval process. It is unclear how the office trip generation would be monitored, however. Because the office uses do not have exclusive parking areas with driveways that are discrete from the remaining uses in the VTCSP, the monitoring for the TDM plan would need to be resolved. • Impacts to Transit Facilities – The addition of traffic on roadways from the development of the VTCSP could impact transit service and performance. The City and VTA do not have a specified significance threshold for transit delay, however, the City is not opposed to the transit delay analysis and conclusion in the EA. The analysis in the EA concluded that the development of the VTCSP would not result in significant delays in transit service. The VTCSP includes the following EDFs to enhance transit service: 19. Free Community Shuttle: Require that a project applicant spearhead and provide substantial funding for a community effort to provide a free community shuttle, in partnership with the City, VTA, local school districts, property owners, and/ or corporate employers. 47. Transit/ East Side Transit Center & Community Shuttle: The Town Center/ Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall implement the following transit improvements prior to issuance of certificate(s) of occupancy that trigger a level of service equivalent to the existing occupied Vallco Mall level of service: 1. Install a public transit center on the east side of the Specific Plan Area to serve office workers. 2. Spearhead and provide substantial funding for a partnership with the City, VTA, local school districts, property owners, and/ or corporate employers…. 13 48. Transit/Mobility Hub: The Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall implement the following transit improvements prior to issuance of certificate(s) of occupancy for (i) the Block 1 buildings or (ii) the entirety of the Residential allocation: Install a public transit center as part of the Mobility Hub on the north side of Stevens Creek Boulevard. VTCSP EDFs 19, 47, and 48 are consistent with the City would typically require for a development such as VTCSP during the standard approval process. Transit improvements are typically coordinated with and agreed upon by the VTA during the standard approval process to ensure that the improvements are consistent with VTA’s long-term plans and needs. 13 The full text of EDF 47 is provided in Appendix A of the VTCSP. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 15 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 • Impacts to Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities – The City would review a project’s impact on bicycle and pedestrian quality of service during the standard approval process. As part of the review, the City would typically measure features of the physical environment that affect comfort and safety for bicyclists and pedestrians and require bicycle and pedestrian improvements to reduce impacts. The VTCSP includes the following EDFs to improve bicycle and pedestrian facilities: 49. Bicycles and Pedestrian Improvements: The Town Center/Community Park applicant shall, prior to the issuance of the first certificate of occupancy, and to the extent not already constructed or funded by other existing commitments, implement the following bicycle and pedestrian improvements: 1. Install green color backed sharrows on Tantau Avenue between Stevens Creek Boulevard and Bollinger Road for Class III facilities. 2. Install marked bike loop-detectors on southbound Portal Avenue at Stevens Creek Boulevard and convert all-way stop-control to two-way stop-control at the Portal Avenue and Wheaton Drive intersection with stops on Wheaton Drive. 3. On Portal Avenue between Stevens Creek Boulevard and Wheaton Drive, install green color backed sharrows for a Class III facility, and install a ladderstyle crosswalk at Amherst Drive and Portal Avenue, and install “neighborhood greenway” signage along Portal Avenue. 50. Bicycle and Pedestrian Funding: The Town Center/ Community Park applicant shall, prior to the issuance of the final certificate of occupancy, and to the extent not already constructed or funded by other existing commitments, implement the following bicycle and pedestrian improvements: If approved by the City, provide a $6 million cash donation to the City for the express purpose to analyze and construct a 2-mile bicycle/ pedestrian trail along the southern edge of Interstate 280 between De Anza Boulevard and Wolfe Road (See Community Benefit 17). VTCSP EDF 49 is generally consistent with what the City would typically require during the standard approval process but would require some adjustments to conform to City standards. VTCSP EDF 50 is consistent with what the City would typically require during the standard approval process. Additionally, the City would likely require green or buffered bicycle lanes on Wolfe Road; Class IV bike lanes (i.e., separated bikeways) on Stevens Creek Boulevard; removal of pork chop islands at Stevens Creek Boulevard/Wolfe Road; and enhanced pedestrian crossing at Stevens Creek Boulevard intersections at Perimeter Road and Wolfe Road, as well as the Vallco Parkway intersections at Wolfe Road and Perimeter Road. While EDFs 49 and 50 do not specifically require these additional improvements, the Specific Plan requires a developer to “construct and/or fund additional improvements to pedestrian and bike trail(s) throughout the Plan Area, including along the entirety of the existing Perimeter road, and in the Plan Area vicinity to improve Safe Routes to Schools and address both bike and pedestrian safety and traffic concerns.” (C-90.) Therefore, the Specific Plan contemplates that additional measures, like those the City would typically require, are required community benefits. • Parking – Based on the City’s Municipal Code, the Specific Plan would be required to provide 10,413 vehicle parking spaces. The VTCSP proposes 9,060 vehicle parking The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 16 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 spaces.14 The proposed parking for the VTCSP, therefore, would not meet the City’s parking standards. However, under Municipal Code Section 19.124.060(c), if a proposed project does not meet the standard parking requirements, an applicant can request alternative parking standards. To obtain approval of these alternative parking standards, a detailed parking study is conducted to determine the required parking supply. The proposed parking for the Specific Plan, therefore, would not meet either the City’s standard parking standards requirements, but could meet an alternative parking standard if supported by a detailed parking study. Pursuant to the City’s Municipal Code, and based on the vehicle parking supply, the VTCSP would be required to provide 1,022 Class I bicycle parking spaces and 128 Class II bicycle parking spaces.15,16 The EA identified a bicycle parking supply of 487 Class I facilities and 81 Class II facilities. The bicycle parking supply presented in the EA for the VTCSP is deficient by 535 Class I bicycle parking spaces and 47 Class II bicycle parking spaces compared to what the City would require under the standard approval process. • Neighborhood Intrusion – There is a potential for vehicles traveling to and from the VTCSP to divert to Blaney Avenue, Portal Avenue, Finch Avenue, and Tantau Avenue to avoid potential congestion on Stevens Creek Boulevard, De Anza Boulevard, and Wolfe Road. The VTCSP includes the following EDF to reduce neighborhood intrusion: 53. Potential Neighborhood Intrusion: The Town Center/ Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall fund neighborhood traffic monitoring studies and provide fees to implement potential traffic calming improvements to minimize neighborhood traffic if needed. The City of Cupertino Traffic Calming Programs should be considered when evaluating traffic calming measures. Prior to the issuance of the first certificate of occupancy, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall provide up to $300,000 for the City of Cupertino for potential neighborhood traffic improvements. The monitoring program could include the following items: • Identifying the monitoring areas (roadways where the monitoring will occur); • Setting baseline conditions (number of parked vehicles and traffic volumes on the roadways); • Determining thresholds for parking and traffic volume increases requiring action; • Establishing the monitoring schedule; and • Creating reporting protocols. The baseline conditions shall be established prior to but within l year of initial occupancy. Monitoring would then occur annually for 5 years. VTCSP EDF 53 is consistent with what the City would typically require during the standard approval process. Overall, the $300,000 is reasonable for the area of impact compared to the funding the City required of Apple Campus 2 for monitor neighborhood intrusion ($250,000 for monitoring within the City Santa Clara and $500,000 for monitoring within the City of Sunnyvale). 14 Under the Specific Plan, this number may be increased or decreased by five percent (450 stalls) without approval of the Community Development Director. It further contemplates that parking beyond the five percent deviation can be granted by the Community Development Director with “justification for the adjustment being sought.” 15 Class I bicycle parking facilities are usually enclosed and intended for long-term parking while Class II bicycle parking is intended for short-term parking and typically includes bike racks. 16 Though not specified in the Municipal Code, the City typically applies the bicycle parking supply rates to the gross vehicle parking supply numbers. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 17 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 • Safety Hazards and Accessibility – Under the standard approval process, the City would typically review a project for the potential to increase hazards due to a design feature or incompatible use. This process would still occur if the Initiative is approved. The City would review the potential for safety hazards (e.g., inadequate sight distance, inadequate emergency vehicle access, impacts of proposed programmable electronic signs on driver safety, etc.) and compatibility with Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements during subsequent City approvals for the VTCSP. • Construction-Related Traffic Impacts – Construction vehicles, including construction workers’ vehicles and trucks carrying construction materials or hauling excavated soil from the site, would travel to and from the site as part of the development of the VTCSP. The EA estimates that the number of average daily construction trips could be up to 661 (which represents approximately two percent of the average daily trips from the VTCSP development once the project is completed). Construction-related vehicle trips are temporary and would likely be spread out over the day. The VTCSP includes the following EDF that would reduce impacts from construction-related traffic: 51. Construction Traffic Management: The Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall prepare and maintain a Construction Management Plan (CMP) to minimize disruption to transportation facilities caused by short term construction activities. The CMP will include flagmen, schedules of potential closures, a construction hotline, delineation layout, truck routes, delivery schedules, and alternative routes, per city industry standards and requirements. VTCSP EDF 51 is consistent with what the City would require during the standard approval process. 2.2.1.2 School Services The following discussion is based on a school impact analysis completed by Schoolhouse Services in February 2016. Vallco is located within the Cupertino Union School District (CUSD) and Fremont Union High School District (FUHSD). Both CUSD and FUHSD have grown steadily in recent decades. Due to maturing households and the rapid increase in the cost of housing, however, CUSD enrollment is projected to decrease by about 400 elementary and 500 middle school students over the next five years. FUHSD enrollment is expected to increase by about 600 students over the same five year period, then either stabilize or begin to decline as fewer students move up from the younger grades. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 18 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 Students generated from residential development at Vallco would likely attend Collins Elementary, Lawson Middle, and Cupertino High schools. The development of 800 residential units (160 of which would be age-restricted senior units) at Vallco would generate about 218 students (122 elementary school students, 58 middle school students, and 38 high school students).17,18 The projected rate of decline in enrollment at CUSD is different among the three areas of the district. Most of the schools within CUSD north and northeast of I-280 are anticipated to continue experiencing some growth, thereby worsening existing capacity issues at local schools. Schools in the central area lying south of I-280 and Bollinger Road overall are crowded, although not to the extent of the northern schools. These central schools, including Collins Elementary School, are beginning to experience decreases in enrollment. The schools in the southern portion of the district are not at capacity, and are projected to have a continued decline in enrollment in the future. Collins Elementary School has an enrollment capacity of 700 students and is currently 19 students over capacity. Projected enrollment is anticipated to decline by 49 students by 2019, providing available capacity at the school. The projected available capacity, however, is not sufficient to accommodate the 122 students projected from redevelopment of Vallco.19 Lawson Middle School has an enrollment capacity of about 1,500 students and is currently 250 students below capacity. There is sufficient capacity at Lawson Middle School to accommodate future projected enrollment, including the 58 students estimated from redevelopment of Vallco.20 Cupertino High School has an enrollment capacity of about 2,268 students and is currently 35 students below capacity.21 There is not sufficient capacity at Cupertino High School to accommodate projected enrollment nor the estimated 38 high school students projected from redevelopment of Vallco. There is, however, sufficient capacity at Lynbrook High School whose attendance area lies south of the attendance area for Cupertino High School.22 In January 2016, the School Board acted to allow students from Miller Middle School (which feeds into Cupertino High School) to choose to enroll at Lynbrook instead and appointed a committee to study options for changes in district attendance assignment policies.23 CUSD and FUHSD could add capacity to local schools by constructing new buildings on existing campuses, constructing new buildings on newly purchased land, and/or repurposing existing properties.24 17 The number of students was estimated based on the following student generation rates: 0.19 elementary school students per unit; 0.09 middle school students per unit, and 0.06 high school students per unit (Source: Schoolhouse Services. Enrollment and Fiscal Impact Analysis for The Hills at Vallco. February 2016. Table I-6.). 18 If 389 residential units (80 of which would be age-restricted senior units) were developed at Vallco, approximately 105 students would be generated (59 elementary school students, 28 middle school students, and 19 high school students). 19 Schoolhouse Services. Enrollment and Fiscal Impact Analysis for The Hills at Vallco. February 2016, pages 12- 13. 20 Ibid, pages 1 and 14. 21 Ibid, page 14. 22 Ibid. 23 Ibid. 24 Schoolhouse Services. School Enrollment and Fiscal Impact Analysis General Plan Amendment Alternatives. June 2014. Page 34. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 19 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 Pursuant to Senate Bill 50 (SB 50) and the adopted school fees, the VTCSP development is required to pay school impact fees based on the square footage of the development. Under SB 50, payment of school impact fees provides full and complete school facilities mitigation for new development. The VTCSP includes the following EDF that would reduce impacts to the local school districts:25 9. Exceptional Educational Benefits: In addition to paying the maximum state-required school fees, which are expected to be approximately $4 million, to recognize the important asset that schools are to the larger Cupertino community and in an effort to make a net positive impact on the local school districts, the Plan Area will provide exceptional community benefits, summarized below, to the local schools including Fremont Union High School District (“FUHSD”) and Cupertino Union School District (“CUSD”). While the precise nature of these benefits must be determined in coordination and cooperation with the school districts, the community benefits for local schools shall be valued at approximately $40 million…. The benefits for local schools may include the following: • Construction and 34-year charitable lease of a new 10,000 square foot high school science and engineering “Innovation Center;” • Construction and 34-year charitable lease of up to 5,000 square feet of classroom and/or administrative space for FUHSD’s Adult School; • A new 700-student elementary school at the former Nan Allan Elementary School site; • Replacement of all portable classrooms at Collins Elementary School with permanent classrooms; • Improvement and expanded utilization of athletic and recreation facilities at the Nan Allan/Collins Elementary School location; • Fund a $1.0 million endowment for the CUSD 8th Grade Yosemite Science Program; and • Payment of the equivalent applicable parcel tax to each school district for each unrestricted apartment unit.26 The VTCSP EDF 10 would enhance school services: 10. Facilitating Experienced Based Learning: Leases shall include obligations that office and retail tenants in the Plan Area participate in the enhancement of FUHSD students’ experience-based knowledge and opportunities for learning-by-doing by, for example, offering business environment internship, scholarship and/or mentoring opportunities or classroom-environment special curriculum, among others. The CUSD and FUHSD recently approved educational facilities and donation agreements with the Vallco Property Owner, LLC regarding local school benefits. During the typical approval process, the impacts for school facility improvements and projects would be analyzed and mitigation to reduce significant impacts would be required. The City can only require the VTCSP pay the school fees adopted pursuant to SB 50 to mitigate impacts on schools. The General Plan EIR concluded that the compliance of future development with SB 50 would mitigate impacts on schools. VTCSP EDFs 9 and 10, therefore, exceed what the City could require as mitigation or as a condition of approval for the development of the VTCSP under the standard approval process. 25 Approximately $4 million of the SB 50 school fees identified in EDF 9 is based on the development of 800 residential dwelling units. 26 Kimley Horn. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment. Appendix A, Page C-212. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 20 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 2.2.1.3 Parks/Open Space The development of the VTCSP is subject to the Quimby Act 27 and applicable General Plan policies to provide adequate park land/open space including Policies RPC-2.4 and RPC-2.5 (refer to Attachment A for referenced policies). In addition, the development of the VTCSP is subject to the City’s Municipal Code, which requires residential developers to dedicate park land or pay in-lieu fees to accommodate and offset their fair share of the provision of park and recreational facilities (Chapter 13.08 and 18.24). The General Plan EIR concluded that future development, in compliance with applicable General Plan policies (including Policy RPC-2.4) and the City’s Municipal Code Chapter 18.24, would not result in significant impacts to parks.28 Pursuant to the City’s Municipal Code, VTCSP would be required to provide about four acres of park land.29 The VTCSP includes the following EDFs that would reduce impacts to park and open space: 1. Green Roof & Community Park: A 30-acre rooftop Community Park & Nature Area, accessible to the public, privately constructed and maintained at no cost to taxpayers, and irrigated by recycled water. 2. Rooftop Trails: A minimum of 3.8 miles of accessible walking and jogging trails, through native and drought-tolerant landscaping, meadows, vineyards, orchards and organic gardens in the Community Park & Nature Area. 5. Town Squares: Two ground-level Town Squares totaling at least 3 acres in area, programmed to accommodate civic, cultural, community, and school events, performances, and celebrations, among other uses. The VTCSP EDFs listed above include a total of three acres of publicly accessible open space (the town squares) and a 30-acre roof top open space which appears to include about nine acres of publically accessible space. VTCSP EDFs 1, 2, and 5, therefore, would exceed what the City would typically require as mitigation or as conditions of approval for the development of the VTCSP under the standard approval process. In addition, VTCSP EDF 9 includes community benefits for local schools valued at approximately $40 million which may include improving and expanding the athletic and recreation facilities at the Nan Allan/Collins Elementary School location. The improvement of existing school fields, however, does not qualify as park land mitigation under the City’s Municipal Code. 27 The 1975 Quimby Act, Government Code section 66477, authorizes the City to adopt ordinances requiring that developers set aside land, donate conservation easements, or pay fees for park improvements. 28 City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Page 4.12-32. 29 The estimated amount of park land required is based on the development of the VTCSP with 800 residential units (160 of which would be senior units). If the VTCSP were developed with 389 residential units (80 of which would be senior units), approximately two acres of park land would be required. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 21 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 2.2.2 Other Public Services 2.2.2.1 Police Services The City of Cupertino contracts with the Santa Clara County Sheriff’s Office for police services. Development of the VTCSP is subject to General Plan policies that ensure adequate police protection services in the City, including Policies HS-4.2 and HS-4.3 (refer to Attachment A for referenced policies). The buildout of the General Plan would increase the number of calls for police services; however, buildout of the General Plan (with or without the Initiative) would not result in the need for expansion or addition of police facilities or personnel.30 In addition, the increase in property tax revenue from buildout of the General Plan could offset additional costs incurred by the City to increase its service contract with the Sheriff’s Department, if required.31 Development of the VTCSP would increase the property taxes collected from the site, compared to existing conditions, due to the resulting increase in property value. The VTCSP includes the following EDF that could potentially enhance police services: 7. Charitable-Civic Space: A charitable lease or leases for at least 5,000 square feet of civic space dedicated for use and potentially shared by local non-profits and civic organizations, such as the Cupertino Historical Society (for museum and office space), the Cupertino Library (for a materials pick-up and/ or return annex), the Sheriff's Department (for a substation) [emphasis added], and the Fire District (for a substation). The Santa Clara County Sheriff’s Office expressed a desire to explore locating a new substation at Vallco during the planning process for The Hills at Vallco. The City would not likely require new or expansion of existing police facilities to serve the VTCSP, however, given the analysis and conclusion in the General Plan EIR. VTCSP EDF 7, therefore, exceeds what the City would typically require as mitigation or as a condition of approval for the development of the VTCSP under the standard approval process. 2.2.2.2 Fire Services Development of the VTCSP is subject to General Plan policies that ensure adequate fire protection in the City including Policies HS-3.2, HS-3.4, and HS-3.7 (refer to Attachment A for referenced policies) and the City’s Fire Code (Municipal Code Chapter 16.40). The existing fire protection facilities, equipment, and staff are adequate to accommodate growth anticipated from buildout of the General Plan (with or without the Initiative).32 The increase in property tax revenue from buildout of the General Plan would result in additional funding available to the Santa Clara County Fire Department for future growth, if needed.33 Development of the VTCSP would result in an increase in property taxes collected from the site, compared to existing conditions, due to its increase in property value. The VTCSP includes the following EDF that could potentially enhance fire services: 30 City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Page 4.12-11. 31 Ibid, pages 4.12-12 and 4.12-13. 32 Ibid, page 4.12-7. 33 Ibid. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 22 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 7. Charitable-Civic Space: A charitable lease or leases for at least 5,000 square feet of civic space dedicated for use and potentially shared by local non-profits and civic organizations, such as the Cupertino Historical Society (for museum and office space), the Cupertino Library (for a materials pick-up and/ or return annex), the Sheriff's Department (for a substation), and the Fire District (for a substation) [emphasis added]. The Santa Clara County Fire Department expressed a desire to explore locating a new substation at Vallco during the planning process for The Hills at Vallco. The City would not likely require new or expansion of existing fire facilities to serve the VTCSP, however, given the analysis and conclusion in the General Plan EIR. VTCSP EDF 7, therefore, exceeds what the City would typically require as mitigation or as a condition of approval for the development of the VTCSP under the standard approval process. 2.2.2.3 Library Service The existing employees and library facilities in the Santa Clara County Library system are sufficient to accommodate the increased demand in library services from buildout of the General Plan (with or without the Initiative) and no physical expansion of library facilities is required.34 Library services are primarily funded by County property taxes. Development of the VTCSP would result in an increase in property taxes collected from the site, compared to existing conditions, due to its increase in property value. The VTCSP includes the following EDF that could potentially reduce impacts to library services: 7. Charitable-Civic Space: A charitable lease or leases for at least 5,000 square feet of civic space dedicated for use and potentially shared by local non-profits and civic organizations, such as the Cupertino Historical Society (for museum and office space), the Cupertino Library (for a materials pick-up and/ or return annex) [emphasis added], the Sheriff's Department (for a substation), and the Fire District (for a substation). The City would not likely require new or expansion of existing library facilities to serve the VTCSP, given the analysis and conclusion in the General Plan EIR. VTCSP EDF 7, therefore, exceeds what the City would typically require as mitigation or as a condition of approval for the development of the VTCSP under the standard approval process. 2.2.3 Utilities and Service Systems 2.2.3.1 Wastewater Treatment/Sanitary Sewer System A discussion of the VTCSP’s potential impacts on wastewater treatment capacity and local sewer system is provided below. • Wastewater Treatment Capacity – Wastewater generated in the City is treated at the San Jose/Santa Clara Regional Wastewater Facility and the City of Sunnyvale Water Pollution Control Plant. The existing design and permitted capacity of both plants are sufficient to treat the wastewater generated from buildout of the General Plan (with or without the 34 Ibid, page 4.12-24. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 23 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 Initiative).35 In addition, the City has sufficient wastewater treatment capacity at the plants to serve the buildout of the General Plan (with or without the Initiative).36 • Sanitary Sewer System Capacity – The existing sewer lines in the vicinity of Vallco are in North Wolfe Road, Vallco Parkway, and Stevens Creek Boulevard. Most sewage generated at Vallco discharges to the 15-inch sewer main in North Wolfe Road. Under existing peak wet weather flow conditions, flows to this 15-inch sewer main in North Wolfe Road exceed its capacity.37 Development of the VTCSP would intensify the use of the site, which would result in an increase in sewage generated from the site compared to existing conditions. For this reason, the development of the VTCSP would require sewer system improvements to ensure sufficient conveyance capacity. Based on preliminary analysis, redevelopment of Vallco under the General Plan would require the construction of a parallel pipe to the existing 15- inch sewer main in North Wolfe Road.38 The VTCSP includes the following EDF that would reduce impacts to the sewer system: 57. Sanitary Sewer Conveyance Facilities: Prior to the issuance of occupancy permit(s) for the final construction sequence, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall demonstrate to the reasonable satisfaction of the Public Works Director that adequate sanitary sewer services are available. VTCSP EDF 57 are consistent with what the City would typically require to ensure adequate sewer service under the standard approval process. Typically the City would determine sewer system capacity and identify necessary improvements prior to development approval rather than prior to issuance of occupancy permits, however. In addition, the City would evaluate downstream capacity of the sewer collection system and the need for improvements to downstream capacity. In any case, the City would require any necessary utility improvements to be constructed concurrent with the development and be financed by the developer. 35 Ibid, pages 4.14-33 through 4.14-41. 36 Cupertino Sanitary District. District Response to your letter dated November 10, 2015. December 8, 2015. 37 Cupertino Sanitary District. Letter RE: Questions regarding Cupertino Sanitary District Services relative to Vallco Development. Received November 19, 2015. 38 Ibid. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 24 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 2.2.3.2 Water There is sufficient water supply from San Jose Water Company and Cal Water to serve buildout of the adopted General Plan (with or without the Initiative). No new or expanded entitlements are required.39 Development of the VTCSP is subject to existing water regulations that promote water efficiency and conservation including the following: • Water Conservation Act of 2009 • 2010 California Plumbing Code • Cupertino’s Landscaping Ordinance • Cupertino’s Water Conservation Ordinance • San Jose Water Company’s, Cal Water’s, and Santa Clara Valley Water District’s water supply and demand management strategies and water shortage contingency plans • Cupertino Municipal Code (including Green Building Ordinance) Existing water lines in the Vallco area are located in North Wolfe Road, Vallco Parkway, Stevens Creek Boulevard, and Perimeter Road. Currently, recycled water service and infrastructure is not available in the Vallco vicinity. Connections to existing water lines and improvements to meet current fire flow standards would likely be required for the development of the VTCSP. The VTCSP includes the following EDFs that would reduce impacts to water service: 3. Sustainability Leadership/Recycled Water: A sustainable design goal of achieving the highest level of certification from a globally recognized environmental sustainability certification program, such as LEED Platinum certification or its equivalency, which shall be achieved in part by providing recycled water for such purposes as irrigation, toilet flushing, and heating and cooling systems, among other design features. 58. Potable Water Supply: Prior to the issuance of building permits, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the Public Works Director, that adequate water facilities are available at the time of permit issuance and will continue to be available until time of occupancy. 59. Potable Water Lines: Prior to issuance of any grading permits or improvement plans, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall design public water facilities in conjunction with the California Water Service Company engineer and City and the City of Cupertino engineer for implementation into the proposed improvements. 60. Recycled Water Lines: Prior to the issuance of any grading permits or improvement plans, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall design landscape and irrigation plans utilizing recycled water as a source to meet all non-potable water demands as discussed in the Sustainability Strategies element in the Specific Plan. 61. Recycled Water Line Extension: Prior to the issuance of final occupancy permits for 500,000 square feet of office space, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall provide to the Director of Public Works a status update of the Santa Clara Valley Water 39 City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Page 4.14-22. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 25 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 District’s Wolfe Road Recycled Water Facilities Project. Once the Wolfe Road Recycled Water Facilities Project is complete north to I-280, the applicant shall initiate the design, permitting and construction of the recycled line extension across I-280 to Wolfe Road at Stevens Creek Boulevard. VTCSP EDFs 58 and 59 are consistent with what the City would typically require of a proposed development to ensure adequate water supply and service under the standard approval process. Typically the City would determine water supply availability and identify necessary improvements prior to development approval rather than prior to issuance of grading permits, however. In addition, the Santa Clara County Fire Department would typically review all design and construction management plans for building construction to ensure that adequate water and fire hydrants are available to serve the proposed development. In any case, the City would require any necessary utility improvements to be constructed concurrent with the development and be financed by the developer. The Hills at Vallco proposed a similar development with landscaping as is included in the VTCSP. A Water Supply Assessment (WSA) was completed by Yarne & Associates, Inc. on behalf of the California Water Service (Cal Water) in March 2016 for The Hills at Vallco development project. Cal Water, specifically the Los Altos Suburban District, provides potable water service to the Vallco area. The WSA concluded there were adequate water supplies to meet projected demands of The Hills at Vallco project and those of all existing customers and other anticipated future customers for normal, single dry year, and multiple dry year conditions.40 Therefore, there is likely sufficient water supply to serve the development of the VTCSP. In addition, the WSA did not account for future use of recycled water at Vallco, which would substantially reduce potable water demand. It is estimated that recycled water could be used to meet 33 percent of the VTCSP water demand.41 VTCSP EDF 61 is the extension of the Wolfe Road Recycled Water Facilities project from the Apple Campus 2 to Vallco. VTCSP EDF 61 is in excess of what the City would require during the standard approval process. The City of Sunnyvale (recycled water producer), Santa Clara Valley Water District (wholesaler), Cal Water (retailer), and Apple Inc. (customer) have partnered to extend the City of Sunnyvale’s existing recycled water system south in Wolfe Road to the Apple Campus 2 in Cupertino (referred to as the Wolfe Road Recycled Water Facilities project). The system will extend from the existing San Lucar Pump Station near the intersection of Wolfe Road and Kifer Road to the Apple Campus 2, just north of Vallco, and include a booster pump station. As part of the agreement for the Wolfe Road Recycled Water Facilities project, the WPCP will supply a minimum of 1,095 acre feet of recycled water to the Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD) per fiscal year.42 SCVWD has contracted with the City of Sunnyvale to guarantee 595 acre feet per year (AFY) to cover projects within Sunnyvale and retailers outside of the City of Sunnyvale, including Apple Campus 2, will be allotted at least 500 AFY.43 Apple Campus 2 demand 40 Yarne & Associates, Inc. Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan and The Hills at Vallco Project SB610 Water Supply Assessment Cupertino, California. March 1, 2016. 41 Kimley Horn. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment. Appendix UT-C. 42 Recycled Water Supply and Distribution Agreement Between City of Sunnyvale and Santa Clara Valley Water District. SCVWD Board meeting March 24, 2015 authorized SCVWD CEQ to execute agreement. 43 Sources: 1) Santa Clara Valley Water District. Wolfe Road Recycled Water Facilities Project No. 91244001 Planning Study Report. December 2014; and 2) Recycled Water Supply and Distribution Agreement Between City of Sunnyvale and Santa Clara Valley Water District. SCVWD Board meeting March 24, 2015 authorized SCVWD CEQ to execute agreement. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 26 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 is estimated to be 235-500 AFY.44 It is estimated that the recycled water demand for The Hamptons project is 35 AFY and 99 AFY for VTCSP.45 There are existing constraints that may affect the availability of the recycled water to reach the VTCSP site including the amount of recycled water able to be produced from the Donald M. Somers Water Pollution Control Plant 46, the supply available to Cupertino users, and the demand of upstream recycled water users from the VTCSP site. The capacity of the booster pump station that would be constructed as part of the Wolfe Road Recycled Water Facilities project should be evaluated to ensure sufficient capacity exists to serve the recycled water needs of the downstream users (e.g., Apple Campus 2, The Hamptons, and VTCSP). The City would typically require environmental analysis of utility improvements (such as the extension of the recycled water line) proposed to serve a development prior to development approval. Because the pipeline extension would occur within the existing road rights-of-way for Wolfe Road and I-280, it is likely that environmental impacts associated with construction could be mitigated or avoided with the implementation of standard practices and measures (e.g., standard tree replacement requirements and standard construction-related noise and air quality best management practices). VTCSP EDF 3 identifies a “design goal of achieving the highest level of certification from a globally recognized environmental sustainability certification program, such as LEED Platinum certification or its equivalency” for future development at Vallco. Pursuant to the City’s Green Building Ordinance, a development such as VTCSP would be required to achieve LEED Silver.47 VTCSP EDF 3, therefore, exceeds what the City would typically require of a development such as VTCSP under the City’s Green Building Ordinance. 2.2.3.3 Energy No new energy supply facilities or distribution infrastructure or capacity-enhancing alterations to existing facilities are required to serve buildout of the General Plan (with or without the Initiative).48 The development of the VTCSP is subject to applicable General Plan policies that ensure efficient use of energy resources including Policies ES-1.1, ES-2.1, and ES-3.1 (refer to Attachment A for referenced policies), as well as the Cal Green Building Code and the City’s Green Building Ordinance. 44 Sources: 1) HydroScience. City of Sunnyvale Feasibility Study for Recycled Water Expansion Report. June 2013; and 2) City of Sunnyvale. CEQA Addendum to the Mitigated Negative Declaration for the Wolfe Road Recycled Water Project. Adopted September 24, 2013. 45 Kimley Horn. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment. Appendix UT-A. 46 The City of Sunnyvale has prepared and is circulating an Environmental Impact Report for the Sunnyvale Water Pollution Control Plant Master Plan Program. The proposed Master Plan includes improvements to the plant’s infrastructure that would increase the amount of recycled water produced. 47 Projects pursuing LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification earn points across several areas that address sustainability issues. Based on the number of points achieved, a project then receives one of four LEED rating levels: Certified, Silver, Gold and Platinum. LEED Certified being the lowest level and LEED Platinum being the highest level. 48 As stated in footnote 3, the General Plan EIR analyzed more intense development and greater buildout of the City than ultimately approved by the City Council. The amount of development and buildout assumptions in the General Plan EIR are greater than the development assumptions from the buildout of the General Plan with Initiative. The General Plan EIR concluded that no new energy supply facilities or distribution infrastructure or capacity-enhancing alterations to existing facilities are required to serve buildout of the General Plan (City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Page 4.14-63.). The buildout of the General Plan with Initiative, therefore, would not require new or expanded energy supply facilities or distribution infrastructure. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 27 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 The VTCSP includes the following EDF that minimizes energy use: 3. Sustainability Leadership/Recycled Water: A sustainable design goal of achieving the highest level of certification from a globally recognized environmental sustainability certification program, such as LEED Platinum certification or its equivalency, which shall be achieved in part by providing recycled water for such purposes as irrigation, toilet flushing, and heating and cooling systems, among other design features. Pursuant to the City’s Green Building Ordinance, a development such as VTCSP would be required to achieve LEED Silver. VTCSP EDF 3, therefore, exceeds what the City would typically require of a development such as VTCSP under the City’s Green Building Ordinance. 2.2.4 Other Environmental Issues 2.2.4.1 Aesthetics/Community Form Pursuant to General Plan Policy LU-19.1, a specific plan is to be created for Vallco that would include design standards and guidelines. The General Plan includes supporting Strategies to provide a street grid system (LU-19.1.6), open space in the form of town squares (LU-19.1.8), transitions from taller buildings on-site to existing buildings (LU-19.1.10), tree preservation (LU-19.1.13), and neighborhood buffers (LU-19.1.14). The Initiative amends Strategy LU-19.1.6, but does not change the intent of the strategy, which is to improve connectivity. The Initiative would result in the adoption of a specific plan (VTCSP) that includes design standards and guidelines for a street grid system, town squares, building setbacks, tree retention, and low-intensity frontages. The development of VTCSP could result in the aesthetic impacts discussed below. • Change in visual character – The development of the VTCSP would result in a substantial change to the visual character of the site as it currently exists. The VTCSP identifies a minimum 35 foot setback from the eastern and western site boundaries, and a maximum building height of 95 feet (four to six stories tall) on the east side of North Wolfe Road. The maximum building height on the west side of North Wolfe would be 80 feet with a maximum building height of 65 feet for buildings along the western edge of the site. The top of the roofs, which would include mechanical equipment, would be up to 25 feet above the maximum building height. Rooftop pavilions would be no greater than 24 feet in height. Buildings on the western edge would have a minimum building plane of 1:1 and include “privacy measures (i.e., minimal interface, no or minimal windows on the outermost west- facing facades),” which would minimize visual intrusion to the existing, adjacent residential neighborhood west of Vallco. The General Plan EIR assumed that the redevelopment of Vallco would include buildings with a maximum height of 160 feet on the east side of North Wolfe Road and a maximum building height of 85 feet on the west side of North Wolfe Road.49 The General Plan EIR also assumed that the redevelopment of Vallco would include “suitable building setbacks from public rights of way” and “appropriate buffers and/or height transitions for buildings 49 City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Page 4.1-31. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 28 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 adjacent to low-density residential development.”50 The General Plan EIR concluded that redevelopment of Vallco as envisioned in the General Plan would not result in a significant change in visual character. The maximum building heights proposed under the VTCSP are lower than the maximum building heights assumed for the redevelopment of Vallco in the General Plan EIR. While the development of the VTCSP would change the visual character of the Vallco site compared to existing conditions, the development of the VTCSP would not result in a significant change in visual character for the following reasons: − The development of the VTCSP is consistent with the development envisioned for the site in the adopted General Plan; − The VTCSP maximum building heights are lower than what was assumed for the site in the General Plan EIR and the General Plan EIR concluded that development of Vallco as envisioned by the General Plan would not result in a significant change in visual character; and − The VTCSP requires: o A 35-foot minimum setback from the eastern and western site boundaries, o A 20-foot minimum setback from North Wolfe Road and Vallco Parkway, o A minimum building plane of 1:1 on the western edge, and o Privacy measures (including VTCSP EDF 16. Residential-Area Plan Sensitivity: Protect adjacent residential property owners by retaining healthy trees and existing walls and encouraging inactive and/or generously set-back building facades along the Plan Area’s western property line.). • Scenic vistas – Scenic vistas are generally interpreted as long-range views of a specific scenic feature (e.g., open space lands, mountain ridges, bay, or ocean views).51 In the Vallco area, views of the Santa Cruz Mountains and eastern foothills are intermittent and obscured by existing development and mature landscaping. The development of the VTCSP, therefore, would not substantially effect scenic vistas. This conclusion is consistent with the conclusion in the General Plan EIR.52 • Scenic highway viewshed – Vallco is not within the viewshed of an officially designated state scenic highway. The segment of I-280 adjacent to Vallco is, however, an eligible state scenic highway. Views of Vallco from I-280 are obscured by existing, mature trees. While greater in mass and scale than the existing development on-site, the development of the VTCSP would not result in substantial adverse impacts to the existing I-280 viewshed because the VTCSP includes the preservation of most of the existing trees along the site’s perimeter 53 and there are intermittent views of urban development (including Apple Campus 2) from I-280 within the same viewshed. This conclusion is consistent with the conclusion in the General Plan EIR.54 50 Ibid. 51 Ibid, page 4.1-21. 52 City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Page 4.1-24. 53 Kimley Horn. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment. April 2016. Page 7-4. 54 City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Page 4.1-31. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 29 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 • Light and glare – The development of the VTCSP would include nighttime and security lighting, and may include building material that is reflective. The development of the VTCSP, therefore, could result in light and glare impacts. The VTCSP includes the following EDFs that would reduce light and glare impacts: EDF 24. Lighting: The Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall comply with the lighting guidelines in the Specific Plan which would prevent unnecessary glare from unshielded or undiffused light sources. The following guidelines are required to avoid light trespass across property lines: • Unnecessary glare from unshielded or undiffused light sources should be avoided. Commercial buildings and landscaping can be illuminated indirectly by concealing light features within buildings and landscaping to highlight architectural features and avoid intrusion into neighborhood properties. • Light fixtures should be directed downward from the horizontal plane of the light source to prevent unnecessary light spillover. EDF 27. Building Materials: To limit reflectivity and prevent exterior glass from attracting birds, projects shall use low-reflectivity glass to minimize bird collision. Low-reflectivity glass shall be used for the entirety of a building’s glass surface (not just the lower levels nearest trees where bird collisions may be the most common), and other measures shall be undertaken for avian safety. VTCSP EDFs 24 and 27 are consistent with what the City would typically require of a project under the standard approval process. The City typically requires outdoor lighting to be directed downward and not spill over onto adjacent properties, consistent with Municipal Code Chapter 1.09 and Section 19.168. To ensure development projects would not result in significant glare impacts, the City would typically review proposed building materials for highly reflective materials (such as mirrored glass) and large, uninterrupted expanses of glass or other highly reflective materials. This process would still occur if the Initiative is approved. The City would review the potential for proposed building materials to result in glare impacts during subsequent City approvals for the VTCSP. 2.2.4.2 Air Quality Development of the VTCSP is subject to applicable General Plan policies to minimize air quality impacts including Policies ES-4.1 and ES-4.3 (refer to Attachment A for referenced policies). Development of the VTCSP would result in air pollutant emissions during construction and operation. The development of the VTCSP could result in the air quality impacts discussed below. • Clean Air Plan consistency – Based on preliminary analysis, it appears that the VTCSP is consistent with the Bay Area 2010 Clean Air Plan. The VTCSP would result in a reduction in vehicle miles traveled per capita citywide 55 and includes EDFs that are consistent with 55 Fehr & Peers. Memorandum Review of the Vallco Town Center Plan Environmental Assessment, Cupertino, California. June 23, 2016. Pages 34-35. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 30 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 applicable mobile, transportation, and energy control measures in the CAP, including the following: 1. Green Roof & Community Park; 3. Sustainability Leadership/Recycled Water; 18. Transportation Demand Management Plan; 19. Free Community Shuttle; 20. Bike-Pedestrian Trails Funding; 21. Bike-Pedestrian Improvements; 26. Construction Emissions Minimization; 47. Transit/East Side Transit Center & Community Shuttle; and 48. Transit/Mobility Hub. • Construction-related emissions – Construction-related emissions would occur as fugitive dust emissions associated with demolition and ground disturbance and exhaust emissions from construction equipment, truck travel, and worker traffic. The development proposed under the VTCSP exceeds the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) construction criteria pollutant screening criteria and, therefore, it is possible that the construction of the VTCSP could exceed BAAQMD thresholds of significance. The VTCSP includes the following EDF that would reduce fugitive dust emissions during construction: EDF 25. Dust Control: The Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) Best Management Practices for dust control shall be required for all construction activities within the Town Center/Community Park. These measures will reduce dust emissions primarily during soil movement, grading and demolition activities, but also during vehicle and equipment movement on unpaved project sites: (1) All exposed surfaces (e.g., parking areas, staging areas, soil piles, graded areas, and unpaved access roads) shall be watered two times per day. (2) All haul trucks transporting soil, sand, or other loose material off-site shall be covered. (3) All visible mud or dirt track-out onto adjacent public roads shall be removed using wet power vacuum street sweepers at least once per day. The use of dry power sweeping is prohibited. (4) All vehicle speeds on unpaved roads shall be limited to 15 mph. (5) All streets, driveways, and sidewalks to be paved shall be completed as soon as possible. Building pads shall be laid as soon as possible after grading unless seeding or soil binders are used. (6) Idling times shall be minimized either by shutting equipment off when not in use or reducing the maximum idling time to 5 minutes (as required by the California airborne toxics control measure Title 13, Section 2485 of CCR). Clear signage shall be provided for construction workers at all access points. (7) All construction equipment shall be maintained and properly tuned in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications. All equipment shall be checked by a certified mechanic and determined to be running in proper condition prior to operation. (8) A publicly visible sign shall be posted with the telephone number and person to contact at the Lead Agency regarding dust complaints. This person shall respond and take corrective action within 48 hours. BAAQMD’s phone number shall also be visible to ensure compliance with applicable regulations. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 31 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 VTCSP EDF 25 is consistent with the mitigation identified in the General Plan EIR 56 and with what the City would typically require of a project to reduce fugitive dust emissions under the standard approval process. The VTCSP includes the following EDFs that would reduce construction-related exhaust emissions (specifically NOx): EDF 26. Construction Emissions Minimization: The Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall require in its construction specifications an Emissions Reduction Plan that requires the following: • That all off-road equipment shall have engines that meet either U.S. EPA or California Air Resources Board (CARB) Tier 4 final off-road emission standards. If engines that comply with Tier 4 off-road emission standards are not commercially available, then the contractor shall provide the next cleanest piece of off-road equipment as provided by the step down schedules in the table below. “Commercially available” shall mean the availability of Tier 4 equipment taking into consideration factors such as: (i) critical path timing of construction; (ii) geographic proximity to the Project site of equipment; and (iii) geographic proximity of access to off haul deposit sites. The applicant(s) and contractor shall maintain records concerning its efforts to comply with this requirement. Off-Road Equipment Compliance Step-Down Schedule Compliance Alternative Engine Emission Standard  1  Tier 4 Interim  2  Tier 3  3  Tier 2 Abbreviations: CARB = California Air Resources Board N/A = not applicable Note: How to use the table: If the requirements of the above bullet cannot be met, Compliance Alternative l shall be met. If Compliance Alternative l cannot be met, then Compliance Alternative 2 would need to be met. If Compliance Alternative 2 cannot be met, then Compliance Alternative 3 would need to be met. • The idling time for off-road and on-road equipment be limited to no more than two minutes, except as provided in exceptions to the applicable state regulations regarding idling for off-road and on-road equipment. Legible and visible signs shall be posted in multiple languages (English, Spanish, and Chinese) in designated queuing areas and at the construction site to remind operators of the two minute idling limit. • Construction operators shall properly maintain and tune equipment in accordance with manufacturer specifications. VTCSP EDF 26 is consistent with what the City would typically require to reduce significant construction-related exhaust emissions impacts under the standard approval process. 56 City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Page 4.2-55. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 32 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 • Operation-related emissions – Operation-related emissions would mostly occur from vehicles traveling to and from the site. The development proposed under the VTCSP exceeds the BAAQMD operational criteria pollutant screening criteria and, therefore, it is possible that the operation of the VTCSP could exceed BAAQMD thresholds of significance. The VTCSP includes the following EDF that would reduce operation-related emissions: EDF 18. Transportation Demand Management Plan: Consistent with the Plan Area’s environmental design features, require the preparation and implementation of a Transportation Demand Management (“TDM”) Plan with an overall target of reducing Specific Plan office- generated weekday peak hour trips by 30 percent below applicable Institute of Transportation Engineers trip generation rates, an unprecedented restriction on a “specific plan” area. The VTCSP EDF 18 is consistent with what the City would typically require to reduce operation-related emissions under the standard approval process. • Community risk – There is a potential for community risk impacts to nearby sensitive receptors from construction-related toxic air contaminants (TACs). The VTCSP includes the following EDF that would reduce community risk to nearby sensitive receptors from project construction: EDF 26. Construction Emissions Minimization: The Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall require in its construction specifications an Emissions Reduction Plan that requires the following: • That all off-road equipment shall have engines that meet either U.S. EPA or California Air Resources Board (CARB) Tier 4 final off-road emission standards. If engines that comply with Tier 4 off-road emission standards are not commercially available, then the contractor shall provide the next cleanest piece of off-road equipment as provided by the step down schedules in the table below. “Commercially available” shall mean the availability of Tier 4 equipment taking into consideration factors such as: (i) critical path timing of construction; (ii) geographic proximity to the Project site of equipment; and (iii) geographic proximity of access to off haul deposit sites. The applicant(s) and contractor shall maintain records concerning its efforts to comply with this requirement. Off-Road Equipment Compliance Step-Down Schedule Compliance Alternative Engine Emission Standard  1  Tier 4 Interim  2  Tier 3  3  Tier 2 Abbreviations: CARB = California Air Resources Board N/A = not applicable Note: How to use the table: If the requirements of the above bullet cannot be met, Compliance Alternative l shall be met. If Compliance Alternative l cannot be met, then Compliance Alternative 2 would need to be met. If Compliance Alternative 2 cannot be met, then Compliance Alternative 3 would need to be met. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 33 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 • The idling time for off-road and on-road equipment be limited to no more than two minutes, except as provided in exceptions to the applicable state regulations regarding idling for off-road and on-road equipment. Legible and visible signs shall be posted in multiple languages (English, Spanish, and Chinese) in designated queuing areas and at the construction site to remind operators of the two minute idling limit. • Construction operators shall properly maintain and tune equipment in accordance with manufacturer specifications. VTCSP EDF 26 is consistent with the mitigation identified in the General Plan EIR 57 and with what the City would typically require to reduce significant community risk to nearby sensitive receptors under the standard approval process. Based on BAAQMD screening tools, future residences at Vallco could be exposed to substantial community risk from existing, surrounding sources of TACs (i.e., I-280, Stevens Creek Boulevard, North Wolfe Road, and stationary sources).58 Site-specific modeling and risk assessment are needed to confirm whether future residences at Vallco would be exposed to community risks above the BAAQMD thresholds of significance. The EA includes site- specific modeling and a risk assessment, which concludes that the community risk to future residents on-site from TAC sources is below the BAAQMD thresholds of significance. Given the time constraints for the 9212 Report, the air quality analysis and conclusions in the EA were not peer reviewed. Typically, to reduce significant community risk to future residents on-site from surrounding TAC sources, projects could be required to install air filtration for residential units that have predicted risk above BAAQMD thresholds of significance. 2.2.4.3 Biological Resources Development of the VTCSP is subject to applicable General Plan policies to protect the City’s urban ecosystem including Policies ES-5.1 and ES-5.6 (refer to Attachment A for referenced policies). Habitats in developed, urban areas such as Vallco are extremely low in species diversity. There are no sensitive habitats or wetlands on or adjacent to Vallco. Due to the lack of sensitive habitats and the developed nature of Vallco, special-status plant and animal species are not expected to occur on- site. The primary biological resources at Vallco are trees. There is also a potential for nesting birds to be present in trees on or adjacent to Vallco. Nesting birds are protected under provisions of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act and Fish and Game Code Sections. The development of the VTCSP may also impact migratory birds depending on the building materials used. 57 City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Page 4.2-63. 58 In December 2015, the California Supreme Court issued an opinion in California Building Industry Association v. Bay Area Air Quality Management District holding that CEQA is primarily concerned with the impacts of a project on the environment and generally does not require agencies to analyze the impact of existing conditions on a project’s future users or residents unless the project risks exacerbating those environmental hazards or risks that already exist. The CEQA Guidelines and the courts are clear that a CEQA document can include information of interest even if such information is not an “environmental impact” as defined by CEQA. Therefore, where applicable, effects of the environment on the project are discussed as planning considerations. Examples of planning considerations include, but are not limited to, locating a project near sources of air emissions that can pose a health risk, in a high noise environment, or on/adjacent to sites involving hazardous substances. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 34 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 The VTCSP includes the following EDFs that would reduce impacts to birds and trees: 27. Building Materials: To limit reflectivity and prevent exterior glass from attracting birds, projects shall use low-reflectivity glass to minimize bird collision. Low reflectivity glass shall be used for the entirety of a building’s glass surface (not just the lower levels nearest trees where bird collisions may be the most common), and other measures shall be undertaken for avian safety. 28. Tree Replacement: Prior to the issuance of the first demolition permit, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall submit a Tree Management Plan for review and approval by the City of Cupertino. The Tree Management Plan shall be prepared in compliance with the Municipal Code sections that address retention, relocation, and replacement of trees. 29. Nesting and Migratory Bird Surveys: The Town Center/ Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall retain a qualified biologist to perform nesting bird surveys prior to prior to tree pruning, tree removal, transplantation, ground disturbing activities, or construction activities that could affect nesting and migratory birds. Preconstruction surveys are not required for tree removal, tree pruning, and ground disturbance or construction activities outside the nesting period. All necessary vegetation clearing shall be performed prior to the nesting season, if at all possible. Vegetation can be cleared and maintained to prevent migratory bird nesting. Recommendations of the biologist shall be implemented such that no birds, nests with eggs, or nests with hatchlings are disturbed. An annual report shall be submitted to the City of Cupertino and the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) documenting the observations and actions implemented to comply with this Environmental Design Feature. VTCSP EDFs 27, 28, and 29 are consistent with the mitigation identified in the General Plan EIR 59 and with what the City would typically require to reduce impacts to birds and trees under the standard approval process. The City would require the preconstruction bird surveys to be completed no more than 14 days prior to initiation of demolition/construction activities (including tree removal and pruning). The City of Cupertino, including the Vallco site, is not located within an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan or Natural Community Conservation Plan. The redevelopment of Vallco, therefore, would not be subject to fees in the Santa Clara Valley Habitat Conservation Plan/Natural Community Conservation Plan. The VTCSP includes the following EDF to fund mitigation for impacts from vehicle exhaust/nitrogen deposition to serpentine habitat: 30. Nitrogen Deposition Fee: The Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall pay a Santa Clara Valley Habitat Conservation Plan/Natural Community Conservation Plan Nitrogen Deposition Fee to the Implementing Entity of the Habitat Conservation Plan, the Santa Clara Valley Habitat Agency, even though the fee would not otherwise be legally applicable to the future development. The Town Center/Community Park applicant shall pay the Nitrogen Deposition Fee commensurate with the issuance of building permits within the Town Center/Community Park. VTCSP EDF 30 exceeds what the City would require as mitigation or as a condition of approval for the development of the VTCSP under the standard approval process. 59 City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Pages 4.3-12 and 4.3-13. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 35 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 2.2.4.4 Cultural Resources The development of the VTCSP would be subject to applicable policies and regulations including General Plan policy LU-6.3 and Municipal Code 19.104.210. The development of VTCSP could result in the cultural resources impacts discussed below. • Historical Resources – The buildings on-site are less than 50 years old and are not listed or appear to be eligible for listing on the National Register or California Register. The Vallco Shopping District is designated as a City Community Landmark in the City’s General Plan. The General Plan EIR concluded that the redevelopment of the Vallco site would not result in significant impacts to historic resources, if redevelopment is consistent with General Plan Policy LU-6.3.60 The VTCSP would be consistent with General Plan Policy LU-6.3 by providing a plaque, reader board and/or other educational tools on the site to explain the historic significance of the resource. The plaque shall include the city seal, name of resource, date it was built, a written description, and photograph. The plaque shall be placed in a location where the public can view the information. • Paleontological Resources and Unique Geologic Features – Paleontological resources are fossils, the remains or traces of prehistoric life preserved in the geologic record. They range from the well-known and well-publicized (such as mammoth and dinosaur bones) to scientifically important fossils. Most of the City of Cupertino, including the Vallco area, is on recent alluvium deposits of Holocene (11,700 years ago to present). Holocene deposits are too recent to contain fossils.61 There are no recorded paleontological resources in the Vallco area. The project site is located in an urban, developed, infill area. No unique geologic features such as serpentine outcrops and boulders, pinnacles, or Tafoni sandstone are located on-site. The VTCSP includes the following EDF to reduce impacts to paleontological resources, if found on-site during construction: 33. Paleontological monitor: The Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall retain a paleontological monitor to respond on an as- needed basis to address unanticipated paleontological discoveries. In the event that paleontological resources are encountered during grading and construction operations, all construction activities shall be temporarily halted or redirected to permit a qualified paleontologist to assess the find for significance. If paleontological resources are found to be significant, the paleontological monitor shall determine appropriate actions, in coordination with a qualified paleontologist, City staff, and the project applicant(s). VTCSP EDF 33 is consistent with what the City would typically require to reduce impacts to paleontological resources (if discovered on-site) under the standard approval process. 60 City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update, and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Pages 4.4-17 and 4.4-18. 61 Ibid, page 4.4-16. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 36 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 • Archaeological Resources – An archaeological literature review was completed by Holman & Associates at the Northwest Information Center in August 2015. A copy of the report is on file at the City. The archaeological site maps reviewed revealed almost no recorded archaeological resources within a one-mile radius of the Vallco site. The most archaeologically sensitive feature in the area, Calabazas Creek, was systematically surveyed in 1974 with negative findings. Research completed for the Apple Campus 2 in the area did not identify any archaeological resources.62 In addition, no cultural resources were found during a recent survey of the KCR Development property within the Vallco area.63 Given the developed nature of Vallco (i.e., most of the site is covered with buildings, pavement, and landscaping), visual inspection of native soils is not possible. Overall, the general vicinity of the Vallco area has a low to, at most, moderate potential for containing archaeological resources. The VTCSP includes the following EDF that would minimize impacts to archaeological resources, if discovered on-site during construction: 32. Archaeological monitor: The Town Center/ Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall retain an archaeological monitor to inspect the ground surface at the completion of demolition activities as they occur to search for archaeological site indicators. If archaeological resources are found to be significant, the archaeological monitor shall determine appropriate actions, in coordination with a qualified archaeologist, City staff, and the project applicant(s). VTCSP EDF 32 is consistent with what the City would typically require to reduce impacts to unknown buried archaeological resources (if present on-site) under the standard approval process. 2.2.4.5 Geology and Soils Vallco is located in an area that is considered to have relatively low levels of geologic hazard risk, although all of the San Francisco Bay Area is seismically active.64 Vallco is not located within an Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone. Like all of the San Francisco Bay Area, however, Vallco is located in a seismically active area and subject to strong ground shaking in the event of an earthquake. Based on preliminary analysis, the site has a low liquefaction potential and on-site soils may be potentially expansive. The VTCSP includes the following EDFs to reduce impacts from geology and soils: 34. Geotechnical Report Recommendations: Prior to the issuance of grading permits or improvements plans, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Director of Public Works that all earthwork operations, including site preparation, and the selection, placement, and compaction of fill materials have incorporated the recommendations and the project specifications set forth in the Geotechnical Investigation (TRC, 2015) to ensure the safety of people and structures. 62 Holman & Associates. Archaeological Literature Review for the Proposed Vallco Project, Cupertino, Santa Clara County, California. September 4, 2015. 63 Ibid. 64 City of Cupertino. Community Vision 2015-2040. October 2015. Table HS-1 and Figure HS-5. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 37 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 35. Site-Specific Geotechnical Reports: Prior to the issuance of grading permits or improvements plans, the Town Center/Community Park applicant shall be required to prepare and submit site-specific Geotechnical Reports that would be reviewed and approved by the City of Cupertino. All earthwork operations, including site preparation, and the selection, placement, and compaction of fill materials shall incorporate the recommendations and the project specifications set forth in the site-specific Geotechnical Report to ensure the safety of people and structures. VTCSP EDFs 34 and 35 are consistent with what the City would typically require to reduce adverse geology and soils effects, as well as ensure structurally sound development, under the standard approval process.65 2.2.4.6 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Development of the VTCSP is subject to applicable General Plan policies to ensure a sustainable future including Policy ES-1.1 (refer to Attachment A for referenced policies). The City of Cupertino Climate Action Plan (CAP) quantifies the City’s share of statewide greenhouse gas emissions and establishes action steps towards achieving a local emissions reduction target. Pursuant to the BAAQMD CEQA Air Quality Guidelines, development (other than stationary sources) consistent with the adopted CAP is considered to have a less than significant greenhouse gas impact. The CAP is based on the population and development assumptions in the General Plan EIR. The General Plan EIR analyzed more intense development and greater buildout of the City than ultimately approved by the City Council. In other words, the General Plan EIR and adopted CAP assume greater population and development than would occur under the buildout of the General Plan (with or without the Initiative).66 According to the CAP, if there is a lesser buildout scenario than what was analyzed in the General Plan EIR, the resulting emissions would be lower than was assumed in the CAP and fewer reduction measures would be required to achieve the City’s emissions targets.67 The development of the VTCSP would be required to be consistent with the City’s CAP. Based on preliminary review, it appears that development of the VTCSP (excluding stationary sources) would be consistent with the City’s CAP, because it would be required to comply with existing plans, policies, and regulations (including the City’s Construction and Demolition Recycling Diversion Requirements) and includes EDFs consistent with the CAP’s goals and measures for reducing energy use, promoting alternative transportation, conserving water, reducing solid waste, expanding green infrastructure. Applicable EDFs include the following: 1. Green Roof & Community Park; 3. Sustainability Leadership/Recycled Water; 65 See footnote 56. 66 The development assumptions in the General Plan EIR and the level of development approved in the adopted General Plan are summarized below. Land Use General Plan EIR Adopted General Plan (with or without Initiative) Residential (units) 25,833 23,294 Commercial (square feet) 4,975,744 4,430,982 Office (square feet) 12,956,410 11,470,005 Hotel (rooms) 2,455 1,429 67 City of Cupertino. City of Cupertino Climate Action Plan. January 2015. Page ES-8. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 38 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 18. Transportation Demand Management Plan; 19. Free Community Shuttle; 20. Bike-Pedestrian Trails Funding; 21. Bike-Pedestrian Improvements; 26. Construction Emissions Minimization; 47. Transit/East Side Transit Center & Community Shuttle; and 48. Transit/Mobility Hub. The VTCSP includes a central plant (a stationary source), which would provide heating, ventilation, and air conditioning for most buildings. The central plant would consist of a condenser water system, cooling towers, and boilers. It is possible that operation of the central plant produce greenhouse gas emissions that would exceed the BAAQMD greenhouse gas threshold of significance for stationary sources. The VTCSP includes the following EDF to reduce greenhouse gas emission impacts from the central plant: 36. Central Plant Boilers Carbon Offsets: Prior to completion and operation of any Central Plant Boilers with emissions above 10,000 MT C02e/yr., the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall enter into one or more contracts to purchase voluntary carbon credits from a qualified greenhouse gas emissions broker in an amount sufficient to offset the operational emissions above 10,000 MT C02e/yr., on a net present value basis in light of the fact that the applicant shall acquire such credits in advance of any creation of the emissions subject to the offset. Pursuant to CARB’s Mandatory Reporting Requirements, applicant(s) shall register the Central Plant Boilers in the Mandatory Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reporting Program. The applicant(s) shall provide copies of carbon purchase contracts to CARB during registration. VTCSP EDF 36 is consistent with what the City would typically require to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from stationary sources under the standard approval process. The City would likely first require any feasible on-site modifications to the stationary source to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. If the greenhouse gas emissions from the stationary source could not be reduced below the BAAQMD threshold of significance, the City would likely require carbon credits (such as those identified in EDF 36) be purchased and that the credits be locally sourced (i.e., within the City of Cupertino, County of Santa Clara, or same air basin). 2.2.4.7 Hazards and Hazardous Materials Development of the VTCSP would be subject to applicable plans, policies, and regulations pertaining to the use, handling, storage, and disposal of hazards and hazardous materials including General Plan Policies HS-6.1 and HS-6.2 (refer to Attachment A for referenced policies). Hazards and hazardous materials planning considerations are discussed below.68 • Potential sources of on-site contamination – The Vallco site was historically used for agricultural purposes, and has been developed and operating as a shopping mall since at least 1979. The site is listed on regulatory agency databases as having leaking underground storage tanks (LUSTs), removing and disposing of asbestos containing materials (ACMs), and a small quantity generator of hazardous materials waste. Surface soils may contain elevated levels of residual pesticides and other chemicals of concern related to past and present use and operations at the site. 68 See footnote 56. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 39 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 The VTCSP includes the following EDF that would reduce adverse effects from possible on- site soil contamination: 39. Soil Management Plan: A Soil Management Plan for all redevelopment activities shall be prepared by applicant(s) for future development to ensure that excavated soils are sampled and properly handled/disposed, and that imported fill materials are screened/analyzed before their use on the property. VTCSP EDF 39 is consistent with mitigation identified in the General Plan EIR 69 and with what the City would typically require to reduce impacts from on-site soil contamination under the standard approval process. The City’s requirements would likely be more explicit about the sampling standards and guidance to be followed and what contaminants should be tested for when exporting or reusing soils, however. The City would likely identify what topic areas would be included in the Soil Management Plan, such as site control procedures, measures to minimize dust generation, protocols for earthwork activities, worker training requirements, stockpiling protocols for clean and impacted soils, and other measures. It is possible that the City would also require an environmental professional monitor excavation activities near potential areas of contamination (e.g., former USTs). • Building demolition waste – The demolition of buildings and existing improvements would generate waste that could include hazardous materials, including lead-based paint and ACMs. The VTCSP includes the following EDF to reduce adverse effects from building demolition waste: 38. Renovation or Demolition of Existing Structures: Before conducting renovation or demolition activities that might disturb potential asbestos, light fixtures, or painted surfaces, the Town Center/Community Park applicant shall ensure that it complies with the Operations and Maintenance Plan for management and abatement of asbestos-containing materials, proper handling and disposal of fluorescent and mercury vapor light fixtures, and with all applicable requirements regarding lead-based paint. VTCSP EDF 38 is consistent with what the City and regulatory agencies would typically require under the standard approval process. The City would likely clarify that asbestos surveys be completed for existing buildings to be demolished and require the removal of potentially friable ACMs prior to building demolition or renovation that may disturb these materials. • Proposed use of hazardous materials – Development of the VTCSP could include uses that generate, store, use, distribute, or dispose of hazardous materials such petroleum products, oils, solvents, paint, household chemicals, and pesticides. The VTCSP includes the following EDF to reduce adverse effects from on-site use of hazardous materials: 37. Hazardous Materials Business Plan: In accordance with State Code, facilities that store, handle or use regulated substances as defined in the California Health and Safety Code Section 25534(b) in excess of threshold quantities shall prepare and implement, as necessary, Hazardous Materials Business Plans (HMBP) for determination of risks to the community. The HMBP will 69 City of Cupertino. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update, and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. Pages 4.7-23 and 4.7-24 The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 40 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 be reviewed and approved by the Santa Clara County Department of Environmental Health Hazardous Materials Compliance Division through the Certified Unified Program Agencies (CUPA) process. VTCSP EDF 37 is consistent with what the County of Santa Clara, as the Certified Unified Program Agency by the State, would typically require under the standard approval process. 2.2.4.8 Noise The development of the VTCSP would be subject to applicable noise policies and regulations including those in the General Plan (including Policies HS-8.1, HS-8.2, HS-8.3, and HS-8.4), Municipal Code, and Zoning Ordinance. The development of the VTCSP could result in the noise and vibration impacts discussed below. • Construction-related noise – Noise generated from construction activities associated with the development of the VTCSP would likely result in significant, temporary noise impacts at adjacent residences. The VTCSP includes the following EDFs that would reduce construction-related noise impacts: 40. On-Site Construction Noise: The Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall be required to adhere to the construction noise limits of the Cupertino Municipal Code. The following items would further reduce the potential for high levels of noise from construction equipment or activities, and ensure that noise complaints are address promptly and if necessary, corrective action is taken: • Along the western boundary of the Town Center/Community Park and Block 14, near the existing residential district, prepare and implement a 24-hour construction noise monitoring program to be installed and operated remotely. The noise monitoring program would continuously monitor construction noise levels at select perimeter locations and alert a designated person(s) when noise levels exceed allowable limits. If noise levels are found to exceed allowable limits, additional noise attenuation measures (i.e., sound walls) will be undertaken. • Require that all equipment be fitted with properly sized mufflers, and if necessary, engine intake silencers. • Require that all equipment be in good working order. • Use quieter construction equipment models if available, and whenever possible, use pneumatic tools rather than using diesel or gas-powered tools. • Place portable stationary equipment as far as possible from existing residential areas, and if necessary, place temporary barriers around stationary equipment. • Whenever possible, require that construction contractors lift heavy equipment rather than drag. • For mobile equipment that routine operates near residential area (i.e., within approximately 200 feet), consider placement of typical fixed pure-tone backup alarms with ambient-sensing and/or broadband backup alarms. • Assign a noise control officer to ensure that the above requirements are being implemented. • Implement a noise complaint hotline and post the hotline phone number on nearby visible signs and online. Require that either the noise control officer or a designated person be available at all times to answer hotline calls and ensure that follow-up and/or corrective action is taken, if necessary. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 41 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 14. Prompt Demolition: To ensure swift completion of the remainder of the Plan Area, a commitment to demolish 100% of the remaining existing Mall improvements within 6 months of receiving a certificate of occupancy for the afore-described initial retail component, subject to existing leases and an appropriate temporary improvement plan for demolished areas. VTCSP EDFs 40 and 14 are consistent with what the City would typically require to reduce construction-related noise impacts under the standard approval process. The construction-related truck trips could also result in significant noise increases at sensitive receptors in the area. The VTCSP includes the following EDF that would reduce construction truck noise: 41. Haul Traffic Noise: To reduce haul traffic noise, contractors for developments pursuant to the Specific Plan shall require that haul trucks travel at low speeds (e.g., l 0 mph) when operating on or adjacent to the Plan Area. The Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall ensure that this requirement is included in the construction specifications. In addition, the construction contractor shall ensure that haul trucks be fitted with properly sized and functioning exhaust mufflers. VTCSP EDF 41 is consistent with what the City would typically require to reduce construction-related truck traffic noise under the standard approval process. • Construction-related vibration – Vibration from construction-related activities could result in significant impacts at adjacent sensitive receptors. Given the fact that the adjacent residences are not historic resources, the identified minimum building setback of 35 feet from the property line with adjacent residences (thereby setting back building construction activity and sources of vibration from adjacent residences), and pile driving is not proposed, it is unlikely that the development of the VTCSP would result in significant construction-related vibration impacts. • Operation-related noise – Operation of the uses at Vallco under the VTCSP could result in significant noise increases at adjacent sensitive receptors. To mitigate operation-related noise impacts at adjacent sensitive receptors, the City requires compliance with the noise standards in the Municipal Code, and could require measures that limit or attenuate noise such as sound barriers, limitations on hours of operations, and orientation of stages and speakers away from sensitive receptors. Operation of the VTCSP would result in an increase in traffic to and from the site, which could increase noise levels at adjacent sensitive receptors. On Stevens Creek Boulevard and North Wolfe Road in the Vallco vicinity, the existing daily trips are 30,000 and 34,000 respectively. In general, for traffic noise to increase noticeably (i.e., by a minimum of three dBA), existing traffic volumes must double. The development of the VTCSP is estimated to generate approximately 30,365 average daily trips;70 therefore, the development of the VTCSP would not result in significant noise increases from project-generated traffic. 70 Fehr & Peers. Memorandum Review of the Vallco Town Center Plan Environmental Assessment, Cupertino, California. June 13, 2016. Page 7. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 42 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 • Other noise effects 71 The noise and land use compatibility of the proposed uses in the VTCSP with the existing ambient noise environment could also be an issue. Exterior and interior noise levels at future uses at Vallco under the VTCSP would exceed the City’s noise standards in the General Plan and Municipal Code. The VTCSP includes the following EDF to meet the State and City interior noise standard at future residences on-site: 42. Acoustical Assessment: Prior to completion of detailed design for dwelling units, the Town Center/Community Park applicant and other project applicants for future development shall prepare an acoustical assessment to demonstrate how interior sound levels would achieve interior sound levels at or below 45 dBA CNEL. The following development standards shall be included in the acoustical assessments: • Install HVAC systems for all residential units to ensure that windows and doors can remain closed during warm weather; • Install double-glazed windows, especially on sides of buildings that are adjacent to busy roadways; • Ensure that all windows and doors are properly sealed; and • Ensure that exterior wall building materials are of an adequately rated Sound Transmission Class. VTCSP EDF 42 is consistent with what the City would typically require of proposed residential projects to meet interior noise standards under the standard approval process. There could also be noise compatibility issues between proposed uses on-site. The interfaces between different uses would typically be evaluated by the City when specific development projects are proposed. Noise attenuation measures (such as enclosing trash compactors and loading docks, limiting cleaning activities in parking lots/garages, and limiting commercial deliveries) could be required. 71 See footnote 56. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 43 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 Table 4: Summary of VTCSP EDF Consistency with City’s Typical Mitigation or Conditions of Approval Environmental Resource Compared to the City’s typical mitigation or conditions of approval, the VTCSP EDF(s) are: In Excess Consistent Inconsistent Infrastructure • Transportation - Intersection Level of Service - Freeway Level of Service - Transit Facilities - Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities - Parking* - Neighborhood Intrusion - Safety Hazards and Accessibility - Construction-Related X X X X X X X X • School Services X • Parks/Open Space X Other Public Services • Police Services X • Fire Services X • Library Services X Utilities and Service Systems • Wastewater Treatment/ Sanitary Sewer System X • Water X • Energy X Other Environmental Issues • Aesthetics/Community Form X • Air Quality X • Biological Resources - Birds and Trees - Nitrogen Deposition X X • Cultural Resources X • Geology and Soils X • Greenhouse Gas Emissions X • Hazards and Hazardous Materials X • Noise X Notes: * The consistency of the parking for the Specific Plan is based on the number of parking spaces identified in the Specific Plan, rather than an EDF. No EDF was identified for parking. Refer to the body of the report for the complete discussion of the VTCSP EDFs consistency with the City’s typical mitigation or conditions of approval. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative 44 9212 Enviornmental Analysis City of Cupertino June 2016 SECTION 3.0 REFERENCES Bay Area Air Quality Management District. California Environmental Quality Act Air Quality Guidelines. May 2011. City of Cupertino. City of Cupertino Climate Action Plan. January 2015. Page ES-8. ---. Community Vision 2015-2040. October 2015. ---. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR. State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007. Certified December 2014. ---. General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning EIR Final Addendum. Adopted October 2015. City of Sunnyvale. CEQA Addendum to the Mitigated Negative Declaration for the Wolfe Road Recycled Water Project. Adopted September 24, 2013. Cupertino Sanitary District. District Response to your letter dated November 10, 2015. December 8, 2015. ---. Letter RE: Questions regarding Cupertino Sanitary District Services relative to Vallco Development. Received November 19, 2015. Fehr & Peers. Memorandum Review of the Vallco Town Center Plan Environmental Assessment, Cupertino, California. June 23, 2016. HydroScience. City of Sunnyvale Feasibility Study for Recycled Water Expansion Report. June 2013. Kimley Horn. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment. April 2016. King, Rick. Personal communications with NISL General Manager. February 2012. Recycled Water Supply and Distribution Agreement Between City of Sunnyvale and Santa Clara Valley Water District. SCVWD Board meeting March 24, 2015 authorized SCVWD CEQ to execute agreement. Schoolhouse Services. Enrollment and Fiscal Impact Analysis for The Hills at Vallco. February 2016. ---. School Enrollment and Fiscal Impact Analysis General Plan Amendment Alternatives. June 2014. Yarne & Associates, Inc. Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan and The Hills at Vallco Project SB610 Water Supply Assessment Cupertino, California. March 1, 2016. ATTACHMENT A: REFERENCED GENERAL PLAN POLICIES Policies Description ES-1.1 Incorporate the principles of sustainability into Cupertino’s planning, infrastructure and development process in order to improve the environment, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and meet the needs of the community without compromising the needs of future generations. ES-2.1 Encourage the maximum feasible conservation and efficient use of electrical power and natural gas resources for new and existing residences, businesses, industrial and public uses. ES-3.1 Set standards for the design and construction of energy and resource conserving/efficient building. ES-4.1 Minimize the air quality impacts of new development projects and air quality impacts that affect new development. ES-4.3 Discourage high pollution fireplace use. ES-5.1 Manage the public and private development to ensure the protection and enhancement of its urban ecosystem. ES-5.6 Provide open space linkages within and between properties for both recreational and wildlife activities, most specifically for the benefit of wildlife that is threatened, endangered or designated as species of special concern. HS-3.2 Involve the Fire Department in the early design stage of all projects requiring public review to assure Fire Department input and modifications as needed. HS-3.4 Discourage the use of private residential electronic security gates that act as a barrier to emergency personnel. HS-3.7 Ensure that adequate fire protection is built into the design of multi-story buildings and require on- site fire suppression materials and equipment. HS-4.2 Consider appropriate design techniques to reduce crime and vandalism when designing public spaces and reviewing development proposals. HS-4.3 Recognize fiscal impacts to the County Sheriff and City of Cupertino when approving various land use mixes. HS-6.1 Require the proper storage and disposal of hazardous materials to prevent leakage, potential explosions, fire or the release of harmful fumes. Maintain information channels to the residential and business communities about the illegality and danger of dumping hazardous material and waste in the storm drain system or in creeks. HS-6.2 Assess future residents’ exposure to hazardous materials when new residential development or childcare facilities are proposed in existing industrial and manufacturing areas. Do not allow residential development or childcare facilities if such hazardous conditions cannot be mitigated to an acceptable level of risk. HS-8.1 Use the Land Use Compatibility for Community Noise Environments chart, the Future Noise Contour Map (see Figure D-1 in Appendix D) and the City Municipal Code to evaluate land use decisions. HS-8.2 Minimize noise impacts through appropriate building and site design. HS-8.3 Regulate construction and maintenance activities. Establish and enforce reasonable allowable periods of the day, during weekdays, weekends and holidays for construction activities. Require construction contractors to use the best available technology to minimize excessive noise and vibration from construction equipment such as pile drivers, jack hammers, and vibratory rollers. Policies Description HS-8.4 Ensure that roads and development along Highway 85 and Interstate 280 are designed and improved in a way that minimizes neighborhood noise. INF-7.2 Ensure that public and private developments build new and on-site facilities and/or retrofit existing on-site facilities to meet the City’s waste diversion requirements. INF-7.3 Encourage public agencies and private property owners to design their operations to meet, and even, exceed regulatory waste diversion requirements. INF-8.1 Meet or exceed Federal, State and regional requirements for solid waste diversion through implementation of programs. LU-19.1 Create a Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan prior to any development on the site that lays out the land uses, design standards and guidelines, and infrastructure improvements required. LU-6.3 Projects on Historic Sites, Commemorative Sites and Community Landmarks shall provide a plaque, reader board and/or other educational tools on the site to explain the historic significance of the resource. The plaque shall include the city seal, name of resource, date it was built, a written description and photograph. The plaque shall be placed in a location where the public can view the information. M-1.2 Participate in the development of new multi-modal analysis methods and impact thresholds as required by Senate Bill 743. However, until such impact thresholds are developed, continue to optimize mobility for all modes of transportation while striving to maintain the following intersection Levels of Service (LOS) at a.m. and p.m. peak traffic hours: • Major intersections: LOS D; • Stevens Creek Boulevard and De Anza Boulevard: LOS E+; • Stevens Creek Boulevard and Stelling Road: LOS E+ • De Anza Boulevard and Bollinger Road: LOS E+ M-1.3 Continue to plan and provide for a comprehensive system of trails and pathways consistent with regional systems, including the Bay Trail, Stevens Creek Corridor and Ridge Trail. M-2.1 Adopt and maintain street design standards to optimize mobility for all transportation modes including automobiles, walking, bicycling and transit. M-2.2 Design roadway alignments, lane widths, medians, parking and bicycle lanes, crosswalks and sidewalks to complement adjacent land uses in keeping with the vision of the Planning Area. Strive to minimize adverse impacts and expand alternative transportation options for all Planning Areas (Special Areas and Neighborhoods). Improvement standards shall also consider the urban, suburban and rural environments found within the city. M-2.3 Promote pedestrian and bicycle improvements that improve connectivity between planning areas, neighborhoods and services, and foster a sense of community. M-2.4 Reduce traffic impacts and support alternative modes of transportation rather than constructing barriers to mobility. Do not close streets unless there is a demonstrated safety or over-whelming through traffic problem and there are no acceptable alternatives since street closures move the problem from one street to another. M-2.5 Ensure all new public and private streets are publicly accessible to improve walkability and reduce impacts on existing streets. M-2.6 Consider the implementation of best practices on streets to reduce speeds and make them user- friendly for alternative modes of transportation, including pedestrians and bicyclists. M-3.2 Require new development and redevelopment to increase connectivity through direct and safe pedestrian connections to public amenities, neighborhoods, shopping and employment destinations throughout the city. Policies Description M-3.3 Enhance pedestrian and bicycle crossings and pathways at key locations across physical barriers such as creeks, highways and road barriers. M-3.4 Preserve and enhance citywide pedestrian and bike connectivity by limiting street widening purely for automobiles as a means of improving traffic flow. M-3.5 Minimize the number and the width of driveway openings. M-3.6 Require parking lots to include clearly defined paths for pedestrians to provide a safe path to building entrances. M-3.8 Require new development and redevelopment to provide public and private bicycle parking. M-4.4 Work with VTA and/or major developments to ensure all new development projects include amenities to support public transit including bus stop shelters, space for transit vehicles as appropriate and attractive amenities such as trash receptacles, signage, seating and lighting. M-4.7 Vallco Shopping District Transfer Station - Work with VTA and/or other transportation service organizations to study and develop a transit transfer station that incorporates a hub for alternative transportation services such as, car sharing, bike sharing and/or other services. M-5.1 Promote Safe Routes to Schools programs for all schools serving the city. M-5.2 Ensure that bicycle and pedestrian safety improvements include projects to enhance safe accessibility to schools. M-7.1 Follow guidelines set by the VTA related to transportation impact analyses, while conforming to State goals for multi-modal performance targets. M-8.3 Employ Transportation Systems Management strategies to improve efficiency of the transportation infrastructure including strategic right-of-way improvements, intelligent transportation systems and optimization of signal timing to coordinate traffic flow. M-8.4 Require large employers, including colleges and schools, to develop and maintain TDM programs to reduce vehicle trips generated by their employees and students and develop a tracking method to monitor results. M-8.5 Encourage new commercial developments to provide shared office facilities, cafeterias, daycare facilities, lunchrooms, showers, bicycle parking, home offices, shuttle buses to transit facilities and other amenities that encourage the use of transit, bicycling or walking as commute modes to work. Provide pedestrian pathways and orient buildings to the street to encourage pedestrian activity. M-9.2 Promote effective TDM programs for existing and new development. M-10.1 Develop and implement an updated citywide transportation improvement plan necessary to accommodate vehicular, pedestrian and bicycle transportation improvements to meet the City’s needs. RPC-2.4 Ensure that each home is within a half-mile walk of a neighborhood park or community park with neighborhood facilities; ensure that walking and biking routes are reasonably free of physical barriers, including streets with heavy traffic; provide pedestrian links between parks, wherever possible; and provide adequate directional and site signage to identify public parks. RPC-2.5 Provide parks and recreational facilities for a variety of recreational activities. ATTACHMENT B: TRANSPORTATION MEMO 160 W. Santa Clara Street | Suite 675 | San José, CA 95113 | (408) 278-1700 | Fax (408) 278-1717 www.fehrandpeers.com MEMORANDUM Date: June 28, 2016 To: Kristy Weis, David J. Powers & Associates From: Franziska Church, Fehr & Peers Subject: Review of the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment, Cupertino, California SJ15-1574 The purpose of this memorandum is to present the results of a review of the Transportation and Circulation section of the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment (April 2016) (EA) prepared by Kimley-Horn. The EA was submitted to the City in April 2016 by Steve Lynch, a representative of Sandhill Property Company. The EA states that it “discloses the potential environmental effects associated with implementation of the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan, and related amendments to the City of Cupertino General Plan, Community Vision 2015–2040 (General Plan) and the Cupertino Municipal Code, as provided for in the ballot measure to be submitted to the voters, The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative (Initiative).” (EA, pp. 1-1 and 2-1.) As part of this review, the results of the EA were compared to the initial results and mitigation measures in the preliminary transportation assessment (PTA) prepared by Fehr & Peers as part preparing an environmental impact report (EIR) for the proposed The Hills at Vallco project. Fehr & Peers is the City’s transportation consultant for the Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan, also known as The Hills at Vallco, planning process. By letter dated December 21, 2015, Applicant requested that the City and its consultants cease work on the Environmental Impact Report in light of the filing of the Cupertino Citizens’ Sensible Growth Initiative (Citizens’ Initiative). At the request of the applicant, information prepared by the City’s consultants, prior to the time that the City and its consultant were asked to stop work on the EIR for the Hills at Vallco project, was released to the applicant’s consultant, Kimley-Horn. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 2 of 35 FINDINGS The findings of the review are:  The daily and PM peak hour traffic estimates for the Project in the EA are lower than the estimates in the PTA o Daily estimates are 14,000 lower and PM peak hour estimates are 850 lower (AM peak hour vehicle trips estimates are 200 higher) o EA assumed a higher mall occupancy resulting in fewer net-added trips  The EA did not include an analysis of intersection operations under Existing with Project Conditions o PTA identified 2 significant intersection impacts  Fewer significant Project intersection impacts are identified in the EA under Background with Project Conditions o PTA identified 8 significant intersection impacts and EA identified 4  Fewer significant Cumulative intersection impacts are identified in the EA o PTA identified 15 significant intersection impacts and EA identified 5  Most EA mitigation measures for intersection impacts comprise modifications to signal operations that are not acceptable to the City  The EA identified more freeway segments with significant Project impacts o Impacts to freeway segments are significant and unavoidable o In lieu of physical mitigation measures the City allows project applicants to make voluntary contributions to the VTA  The EA does not adequately evaluate transit, pedestrian, and bicycle impacts  The vehicle and bicycle parking estimates in the EA are low and do not meet City requirements Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 3 of 35 PROJECT BACKGROUND In 2015, Fehr & Peers commenced work on a Transportation Impact Analysis (TIA) for the “Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan” for inclusion in the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) being prepared by the City of Cupertino. Following the filing of the Citizens’ Initiative, Fehr & Peers’ work was put on hold at the request of the applicant and the technical analysis was not completed. Subsequently, in March 2016, “The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Initiative” (VTCSP Initiative) was filed. Thereafter, the proponents of the VTSCP Initiative submitted the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment (Kimley- Horn, April 2016), to the City to disclose the potential environmental effects of the VTCSP. The EA includes a Transportation and Circulation chapter with a detailed evaluation of the potential effects of the VTCSP Initiative, which includes the Specific Plan and related General Plan and Municipal Code amendments, on the transportation system. This technical memorandum compares the results presented in the EA’s Transportation and Circulation chapter to the preliminary technical assessment (PTA) prepared by Fehr & Peers as part of the initial CEQA process. PTA WORK COMPLETED TO DATE Fehr & Peers began work on the TIA for the Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan in Spring 2015. Intersection turning movement and driveway counts were conducted in May 2015 to establish the existing setting. Coordination with City staff continued throughout the next few months with an approximate due date for the Administrative Draft of the TIA of late-December 2015/early-January 2016. On December 22, 2015, the City and its consultants, including Fehr & Peers, stopped work on the EIR at the request of the applicant. Draft results of following items were prepared, but internal reviews for final delivery had not been conducted:  Existing Conditions o Intersection level of service analysis o Freeway level of service analysis o Transit service figure and description o Bicycle and pedestrian facilities figure and description o Field observations  Project Trip Generation, Distribution and Assignment o Weekday daily, morning peak hour, and evening peak hour trip generation o Saturday peak hour trip generation o Trip distribution pattern Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 4 of 35 o Trip assignment  Existing with Project Conditions o Intersection level of service analysis o Freeway level of service analysis  Background and Background with Project Conditions o Intersection level of service analysis  Cumulative and Cumulative with Project Conditions o Intersection level of service analysis o Freeway level of service analysis  Identification of Transportation Facility Impacts and Mitigation Measures  Parking Analysis (including bicycle parking) PROJECT DESCRIPTION The approximately 58-acre Vallco District Specific Plan area is centered at the intersection of Wolfe Road and Vallco Parkway in Cupertino, California. The project site is generally bounded by I-280 to the north, Perimeter Road to the east and west, and Stevens Creek Boulevard to the south. A comparison of the land uses assumed under the EA and the PTA is presented in Table 1. Overall, the land uses assumed in the EA and PTA are very similar. Any differences are relatively minor, and do not substantially affect the comparison of the results for the EA and the PTA. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 5 of 35 TABLE 1: VALLCO TOWN CENTER SPECIFIC PLAN LAND USES Land Use Unit Amount under EA Amount under PTA Difference Vallco Town Center / Community Park Office 1,000 sq. ft. 2,000 2,000 0 Retail/Local Fitness Use-Gym1 1,000 sq. ft. 640 650 -10 Apartment2 Dwelling units 760 760 0 Senior Adult Housing2 Dwelling units 40 40 0 Banquet Hall 1,000 sq. ft. 15 20 -5 High School Innovation Center Students 100 100 0 Civic Meeting Space 1,000 sq. ft. 5 5 0 Office Event Center 1,000 sq. ft. 20 20 0 Office Cafeteria/Fitness 1,000 sq. ft. 20 15 +5 Additional Office Amenities 1,000 sq. ft. 135 135 0 Loading Facilities and Security Areas 1,000 sq. ft. 75 75 0 Industrial Testing and Workshop 1,000 sq. ft. 175 175 0 Central Plant 1,000 sq. ft. 45 35 -10 Rooftop Garden Acres 30 30 0 Remaining Vallco Shopping District (Block 14) Hotel Rooms 191 191 0 Retail 1,000 sq. ft. 0 10 -10 Notes: 1. Local Fitness Use-Gym is assumed to be approximately 50,000 square feet under the PTA (the size of the fitness us-gym is not specified the EA). 2. According to the Specific Plan Description in the EA, 160 units of the total 800 residential units would be senior apartments pursuant to state and federal law. However, both the transportation section of the EA and the PTA evaluated 40 units of the 800 total residential units as senior housing. This results in a more conservative trip generation estimate as apartments have a higher trip rate compared to senior housing. Source: Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment, Kimley-Horn, 2016; Fehr & Peers, 2016. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 6 of 35 STUDY LOCATIONS The study intersection locations presented in the EA are the same study intersections that would have been evaluated by the City in the EIR with the exception of the Wolfe Road and I-280 ramp intersections. Given the on-going Wolfe Road / I-280 interchange analysis that is being undertaken by the City of Cupertino, the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA),1 and Caltrans, the EA deferred analysis of these two intersections whereas the City was intending to analyze them in the EIR. The EIR analysis would have included a detailed traffic simulation analysis (using VISSIM) of the Wolfe Road corridor between Homestead Road and Stevens Creek Boulevard, including the two Wolfe Road intersections at the I-280 interchange. The EA evaluated 38 more freeway study segments than were analyzed in the PTA (68 total segments in the EA, and 30 in the PTA). In both the EA and PTA, the freeway segments to be included in the analysis were determined based on thresholds established by VTA. Pursuant to VTA’s TIA Guidelines, a freeway segment should be included if a project adds trips that equal at least one percent of the freeway segment’s capacity. Both the EA and the PTA applied a manual distribution of the project trips to determine the number of project trips that would enter/exit the freeway system at individual interchanges. In the EA, VTCSP project trips were conservatively assumed to remain on the freeway for a longer distance than was assumed in the PTA, which resulted in additional freeway study segments being considered in the EA. Both the PTA and EA applied standard engineering practices, and both would generally be considered acceptable by the City of Cupertino. TRAFFIC COUNTS AND FORECASTS The traffic counts that were conducted as part of the PTA were used by Kimley-Horn for the EA. In addition, freeway forecasts developed using the VTA model by Fehr & Peers were used by Kimley-Horn for the EA. Therefore, both the EA and PTA used the same initial traffic data. 1 VTA is the congestion management agency for Santa Clara County Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 7 of 35 ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY Both the EA and PTA generally follow ed the guidelines of the City of Cupertino and VTA and used the guidelines of VTA’s Congestion Management Program (CMP) Transportation Impact Analysis (TIA) Guidelines (adopted October 2014) to evaluate potential transportation impacts. ANALYSIS METHODS The intersection and freeway segment level of service calculation methods used in the EA and PTA are consistent with the methods established in VTA Transportation Impact Analysis Guidelines. LEVEL OF SERVICE STANDARDS AND SIGNIFICANT IMPACT THRESHOLDS The level of service (LOS) thresholds for intersections and freeways used in the EA are consistent with the thresholds applied for projects within Cupertino. The significance criteria used in the EA are consistent as well. ANALYSIS SCENARIOS The EA includes five analysis scenarios, while the PTA included six scenarios, to evaluate intersection impacts. The study scenarios and the traffic volume assumptions for each are summarized in Table 2. The City-required analysis scenarios missing from the EA and the non-typical scenario included in the EA are described in the following subsections. ANALYSIS SCENARIOS MISSING IN EA It is the City’s practice to evaluate Existing Conditions to describe intersection operations for the Existing Setting and to evaluate Existing with Project Conditions to determine project-specific impacts. These two scenarios are missing from the EA. The City would typically evaluate Existing Conditions using existing counts and field observations of intersection operations. Existing Conditions would assume the current occupancy of the mall and would be the basis for which approved and pending projects would be added under Background and Cumulative Conditions, respectively. This scenario relies on the occupancy level (62 percent) that constituted the best available information (May 2015 traffic counts) when the City and its consultants stopped work on the EIR in December 2015. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 8 of 35 VTA’s TIA Guidelines include the Existing with Project scenario as an Optional Scenario and it is not required for CMP purposes, but the VTA Guidelines state that this scenario may be included in a TIA to address local requirements or CEQA. There some debate about the adequacy of Existing Conditions rather than Background Conditions as being representative of “baseline conditions.” Jurisdictions in Santa Clara County, including Cupertino, have tended to include both to fully cover all aspects of CEQA’s requirements to identify significant project impacts. Therefore, the City’s EIR would have included an evaluation of Project impacts under both Existing with Project and Background with Project Conditions. TABLE 2: ANALYSIS SCENARIOS AND TRAFFIC VOLUME ASSUMPTIONS Scenario EA PTA Existing not analyzed Traffic volumes from May 2015 counts (62% mall occupancy) Existing with Project not analyzed Traffic volumes from May 2015 counts, with net new Project trips Baseline Existing Traffic volumes from May 2015 counts plus traffic estimates to account for increased mall occupancy (62% to 82%) not analyzed – not a City-required analysis scenario Background Traffic volumes from May 2015 counts plus traffic estimates to account for increased mall occupancy (62% to 82%), plus traffic estimates for other approved development projects Traffic volumes from May 2015 counts, plus traffic estimates for other approved development projects Background with Project Traffic volumes from May 2015 counts plus traffic estimates to account for increased mall occupancy (62% to 82%), plus traffic estimates for other approved development projects, with net new Project trips Traffic volumes from May 2015 counts, plus traffic estimates for other approved development projects with net new Project trips Cumulative Traffic volumes from May 2015 counts plus traffic estimates to account for increased mall occupancy (62% to 82%), plus traffic estimates for other approved and pending development projects Traffic volumes from May 2015 counts, plus traffic estimates for other approved and pending development projects Cumulative with Project Traffic volumes from May 2015 counts plus traffic estimates to account for increased mall occupancy (62% to 82%), plus traffic estimates for other approved and pending development projects, with net new Project trips Traffic volumes from May 2015 counts, plus traffic estimates for other approved and pending development projects, with net new Project trips Source: Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment, Kimley-Horn, 2016; Fehr & Peers, 2016. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 9 of 35 ADDITIONAL EA ANALYSIS SCENARIO NOT USED BY THE CITY - BASELINE EXISTING CONDITIONS The EA evaluated Baseline Existing Conditions, which is defined in Section 17.6 of the EA to consist of an 82 percent occupied mall. Historic mall occupancy data submitted by the applicant shows that the mall was on average occupied at a level of 82 percent from 2009 to 2014. At the time the counts were collected for the study, the mall was approximately 62 percent occupied. The EA estimated traffic for the additional 20 percent occupancy and added it to the surrounding roadway network. This approach results in lower net new Project trip generation due to a higher amount of occupied land use assumed within the project area as the baseline existing condition This has the potential to show lower incremental increases in critical delay and V/C ratio when evaluating the transportation effects of the Project. This scenario is not a scenario typically included in City studies. ANALYSIS ASSUMPTIONS This section discusses the analysis assumptions as they relate to Project trip generation, Project trip distribution, growth in traffic due to approved and pending developments, intersection geometry improvements assumed under the “No Project” scenarios for Background and Cumulative Conditions, and Specific Plan proposed intersection geometry improvements. TRIP GENERATION Both the EA and PTA applied “Silicon Valley Office” rates, rather than generic ITE office rates, to develop trip estimates for the office uses. These rates include employee densities and the effects of TDM programs that are typical for office developments in Silicon Valley, and therefore are more representative of type of office development that would be included in the VTCSP. These Silicon Valley office rates are higher than the Apple-specific rates used in the Apple Campus 2 EIR. The use of the Silicon Valley Office rates is consistent with City practices. Table 3 presents the net new trip generation from the EA and the PTA. The EA’s VTCSP’s net new trip generation is about 200 trips greater than the PTA estimates in the AM peak hour and about 850 trips less than the PTA in the PM peak hour. The daily trips estimates in the EA are 53 percent of the daily trip estimates from the PTA. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 10 of 35 TABLE 3: SPECIFIC PLAN NET NEW TRIP GENERATION COMPARISON Report Daily AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Total In Out Total In Out Preliminary Technical Assessment (PTA) 30,363 2,620 2,066 554 2,435 532 1,903 Environmental Assessment (EA) 16,162 2,805 2,269 537 1,583 132 1,452 Difference (EA minus PTA) -14,201 185 203 -17 -852 -400 -451 Source: Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment, Kimley-Horn, 2016; Fehr & Peers, 2016. Besides the slight differences in the land use amounts presented earlier in this memorandum, the differences in the trip generation are primarily related to the following, which are discussed in more detail below:  Different mixed-use development trip reductions  Different assumptions for existing site uses Mixed-Use Development Trip Reduction Both the EA and the PTA used the MXD Trip Generation Model Version 4 created by Fehr & Peers to determine the vehicle trip reduction percentage due to the proposed mix of land uses. Although the same model was used, different mixed-use trip reduction percentages were estimated. The MXD model requires input of multiple surrounding area parameters such as employment within one mile of the project site, employment with a 30-minute transit trip, average household size near the project site, and average vehicle ownership near the site. For the PTA, Fehr & Peers used the MXD Trip Generation web interface, called MainStreet, which automatically populates these model inputs from available sources, such as VTA’s regional travel demand forecasting model and US Census Data. The publically available MXD tool requires users to manually enter the MXD model parameters; which requires greater engineering judgement and discretion than the MainStreet tool. The EA does not present the parameter values applied in their MXD Trip Generation Model; therefore, the inputs cannot be verified. Also, the Silicon Valley Office rates include reductions due to transit usage; therefore, the mixed-use percentage reduction from the MXD model, which also takes into account transit usage, was reduced in the PTA in order to avoid double counting transit ridership. The EA states that the MXD reduction applied does not assume a built-in transit reduction for the Silicon Valley office land uses. This statement cannot be verified based on the detail presented in the trip generation table. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 11 of 35 Existing Land Use In May 2015, Fehr & Peers collected mid-week (Tuesday through Thursday) 72-hour counts at all of the Vallco Mall’s driveways along Perimeter Road, Wolfe Road, and Vallco Parkway. These counts were used to develop trip generation estimates for the existing uses on the project site. At the time the counts were collected, the mall was about 62 percent occupied. In the PTA, trip estimates for these existing uses derived from the driveway counts were subtracted from the Project’s trip estimates to develop net new Project trips. The 82 percent mall occupancy assumed in the EA is higher than the occupancy of Vallco Mall at the time of the counts (62 percent), resulting in a higher number of trips for existing site uses being subtracted from the VTCSP’s gross trip estimate. Consequently, the EA includes a lower number of net new project trips than what would have been evaluated by the City in the EIR. The method applied in the EA is not consistent with past City practices. For example, for the Apple Campus 2 project, the occupancy level of the land uses on the site at the time of the counts (~4,800 employees) was used, not the full occupancy (~9,000 employees) or some other level of occupancy, to determine the net new project trips. TRIP DISTRIBUTION The trip distribution pattern from the PTA was used to assign the Project trips to the roadway system in the EA. However, the EA used a different trip distribution pattern to assign the added trips to account for increased mall occupancy from 62 to 82 percent to the roadway system for the Baseline Existing scenario. This trip distribution pattern also was used to subtract traffic generated by from existing site land uses from the local roadway network resulting in some negative volumes at some intersection turning movements. PROJECT INTERSECTION IMPROVEMENTS As part of the Specific Plan, on-site roadway geometry enhancements would be constructed to accommodate the increase in traffic and changes in travel patterns. The EA lists the geometry enhancements for the project driveways. This information was not reviewed since it represents a modified site plan that is different from the plan used for the PTA. BACKGROUND AND CUMULATIVE DATA Traffic volumes for Background and Cumulative Conditions under the EA use estimates of vehicle trips from approved and pending development projects within the City of Cupertino, Santa Clara, and Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 12 of 35 Sunnyvale. Intersection infrastructure projects that are planned and funded are included as well. This procedure is consistent with the procedure used by the City and for the PTA. Approved and Pending Projects Trip Generation, Distribution, and Assignment Fehr & Peers did not review in detail the EA’s traffic volume estimates for the approved and pending development projects to determine the “No Project” volumes for the Background and Cumulative scenarios. Engineering judgment must be applied to estimate trip generation, distribution, and assignment for each of the approved and pending projects. Therefore, it is likely that the EA and PTA estimates would be different. Fehr & Peers did review and verify that the appropriate approved and pending projects were included in the EA. Additionally, Fehr & Peers did review in detail the roadway infrastructure adjustments included under Background No Project and Cumulative No Project Conditions, which are discussed below. Background Intersection Improvements2 The intersection geometry assumptions for the EA were reviewed and compared to the assumptions in the PTA. The geometry assumptions included in the PTA are considered consistent with City practices. Differences between the EA and the PTA are listed below:  Intersection #29: Wolfe Road / Apple Campus 2 Driveway – The EA and the PTA assumed similar geometry intersection except that the EA assumed two northbound through lanes and two westbound left-turn lanes, while the PTA assumed three lanes for each of these movements. The geometry assumptions in the PTA match what was proposed in the Apple Campus 2 TIA and is now constructed. The results presented in the EA are more conservative (i.e., higher delay/worse LOS) due to the reduced number of lanes.  Intersection #30: Wolfe Road / Pruneridge Avenue – The geometry modifications assumed under Background Conditions for the EA would have been assumed under Existing Conditions in the PTA because they were constructed during the time the intersection turning movement counts were performed. However, this does not change the conclusions of the EA.  Intersection #33: Wolfe Road / Vallco Parkway - The EA includes a westbound right-turn overlap phase as stated in the Apple Campus 2 TIA. After discussions with the City, implementation of a right-turn overlap phase is uncertain and was therefore not included in the PTA. The addition of the right-turn overlap phase improves intersection operations and could potentially result in impacts not being identified. 2 Includes planned and funded improvements that are included in Background Conditions but not in Existing Conditions. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 13 of 35  Intersection #42: Tantau Avenue / Pruneridge Avenue – The geometry modifications assumed under Background Conditions for the EA were assumed under Existing Conditions in the PTA. However, this does not change the conclusions of the EA. Cumulative Intersection Improvements The geometry assumptions under Cumulative without and with Project Conditions were compared. There were no differences between the intersection improvements assumed under the EA and the PTA, with the exception of the intersections listed previously under Background Intersection Improvements. ANALYSIS RESULTS This section discusses the EA’s analysis results and compares them to those from the PTA. EXISTING CONDITIONS The EA did not provide an analysis of Existing without and with Project Conditions to determine Project- specific intersection impacts. It used Background and Background with Project Conditions instead. However, the EA freeway segment analysis was conducted for Existing Conditions with and without the Project using the 2014 VTA Conformance and Monitoring Report and Project traffic estimates. The City would evaluate both intersections and freeway segments under Existing without and with Project Conditions in the EIR. Intersections Two intersections with significant Project impacts are identified in the PTA but not in the EA, because the EA did not include an Existing Conditions analysis:  Intersection #12 De Anza Boulevard / McClellan Road-Pacifica Drive  Intersection #55 Lawrence Expressway / Bollinger Road Freeways In the PTA, the Project trips are dispersed more rapidly along the freeway network than in the EA. This reduces the number and severity of freeway impacts in the PTA. Therefore, the EA is considered conservative and identifies more freeway segment impacts than the PTA. Both the PTA and EA applied standard engineering practices and both would generally be considered acceptable by the City of Cupertino. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 14 of 35 Of the 68 segments evaluated in the EA, a total of 30 segments had significant Project impacts in either the AM or PM peak hour. Of the 30 segments evaluated in the PTA, a total of 20 segments have significant Project impacts in either the AM or PM peak hour. Table 4 summarizes the number of impacted locations in the PTA and EA. TABLE 4: IMPACTED FREEWAY SEGMENTS UNDER EXISTING CONDITIONS1 Freeway EA PTA Segments Studied Segments Impacted1 Segments Studied Segments Impacted1 SR 17 7 0 2 2 SR 85 19 14 9 5 SR 237 12 0 Not Analyzed Not Analyzed I-280 18 18 15 15 I-880 12 0 4 3 Notes: 1. A segment is determined to be impacted if the detailed impact analysis shows an impact in either direction of the segment, during either peak hour, and/or if the impact is on the HOV lane. Source: Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment, Kimley-Horn, 2016; Fehr & Peers, 2016. In the EA, the volume of traffic assigned to the HOV lanes is higher than the currently observed HOV percentages. Applying City practices, the HOV percentage would match what is currently observed; thus, the approach in the EA likely results in more HOV lane impacts compared to the PTA. BACKGROUND CONDITIONS The differences in Project intersection impacts identified in the EA and in the PTA for Background Conditions presented below. (More detailed technical explanations are attached.) There are slight volume differences for Background Conditions between the EA and the PTA at all study intersections due to differences in trip assignments for other approved development projects. There are additional volume differences between the EA and the PTA at all study intersections for Background with Project Conditions due to differences in the amount of Project traffic. These volume differences contribute to different delay estimates and ultimately different Project impacts. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 15 of 35 Intersections with Project Impacts in the EA and not the PTA There were two intersections where a potential intersection impact was identified in the EA that was not identified in the PTA.  Intersection #11 De Anza Boulevard / Stevens Creek Boulevard  Intersection #13 De Anza Boulevard / Bollinger Road Intersections with Project Impacts Identified in the PTA but not the EA There were six intersections where an impact was identified in the PTA that were not identified in the EA:  Intersection #44 Stevens Creek Boulevard / Tantau Avenue  Intersection #45 Stevens Creek Boulevard / Calvert Drive-I-280 Ramps (east)  Intersection #53 Lawrence Expressway / I-280 Southbound Ramps  Intersection #54 Lawrence Expressway / Mitty Way  Intersection #55 Lawrence Expressway / Bollinger Road  Intersection #57 Lawrence Expressway / Prospect Road CUMULATIVE CONDITIONS The differences in number of intersection impacts identified in the EA and in the PTA for Cumulative Conditions are illustrated on Figure 1 and presented below. (More detailed technical explanations are attached.) Due to the differences between the EA and the PTA in trip assignments for other approved development projects, for pending development projects, and the amount of added Project traffic, there are volume differences at the study intersections between the EA and the PTA. These volume difference contribute to different delay estimates and ultimately different impacts. Intersections with Cumulative Impacts in the EA and not the PTA There was one intersection where a potential intersection impact was identified in the EA but not in the PTA.  Intersection #8 De Anza Boulevard / Homestead Road Forest Ave Mitty Way Fi n c h A v e Cheyenne Dr N Portal Ave N Blane yAve Cox Ave Sarat o g a A v e S araglen D r Lily Ave ArroyodeArgu e l l o By r n e A v e GailAve Man e t D r Alberta Ave Flora V ista Ave Cronin Dr Car lisle Way C u m berland D r Cabrillo Ave Iris Ave M iller Ave ScotlandDr Wr i g h t A v e TantauAve Bucknall Rd BrookglenDr Henderson Ave Pierce Rd GlenBra e Dr Benton St Pro spect Rd Sea Gull Way The Dalles Ave Bell e v ill e W ay S BlaneyAve McClellan Rd Cascade Dr Pom e r o y A v e W CampbellAve S B e r n a r d o A v e E Remin g t on Dr Qu a i l A v e Williams Rd Inverness Way McCoy Ave Ma r y A v e Doyle R d S S t e l l i n g R d N S t e l l i n g R d S W o l f e R d Moorpark Ave NTantau Ave Bollinger R d Mi l l e r A v e PruneridgeAve R a i n bow Dr W Remington Dr B u b b R d S M a r y A v e Ho l l e n b e c k A v e S D e A n z a B l v d Homestead Rd E Fremont Ave N D e A n z a B l v d L awrenceExpy W Fremont Ave Qu i t o R d S S a ra to g a S unnyvale Lawrence Expy El C a m i n o R e a l WValleyFwy Prospect Rd W ValleyFwy Stevens Creek Blvd 85 85 82 85 280 280 1 2 3 9 10 14 15 24 25 31 32 50 46 521721222340 28 29 30 33 35 36 41 42 43 51 5 6 7 16 18 26 27 38 39 47 49 4 59 61 19 20 11 13 34 45 48 53 55 44 37 54 56 8 12 57 58 60 N: \ P r o j e c t s \ _ S J 1 5 _ P r o j e c t s \ S J 1 5 _ 1 5 7 4 _ V a l l c o _ M a l l _ T I A \ G r a p h i c s \ G I S \ S t u d y _ I n t e r s e c t i o n s . m x d Study Intersectionswith Significant Impacts Study Intersectiona EA only impact PTA only impact EA + PTA impact Project Area Figure 1 Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 17 of 35 Intersections with Cumulative Impacts Identified in the PTA but not the EA There were eleven intersections where a Cumulative impact was identified in the PTA but not in the EA, including the six intersections with Project impacts identified under Background Conditions.  Intersection #37 Miller Avenue / Bollinger Road  Intersection #44 Stevens Creek Boulevard / Tantau Avenue  Intersection #45 Stevens Creek Boulevard / Calvert Drive-I-280 Ramps (east:  Intersection #48 Stevens Creek Boulevard / Lawrence Expressway Ramps (west)  Intersection #53 Lawrence Expressway / I-280 Southbound Ramps  Intersection #54 Lawrence Expressway / Mitty Way  Intersection #55 Lawrence Expressway / Bollinger Road  Intersection #56 Lawrence Expressway / Doyle Road  Intersection #57 Lawrence Expressway / Prospect Road  Intersection #58 Lawrence Expressway / Saratoga Avenue  Intersection #60 SR 85 (North) / Saratoga Avenue Freeways For the PTA, cumulative freeway volumes were estimated using the VTA Year 2040 forecasting model. The EA used the same mixed-flow freeway volumes as presented in the PTA; however, the HOV/HOT volumes were adjusted to match existing HOV/HOT percentages. The volumes presented in the EA are more conservative (i.e., higher) than those in the PTA. In the PTA, Project trips along the freeway were dispersed more rapidly than in the EA, which means that the PTA assumes that more Project trips would get onto and off of the freeway network closer to the Project site. This reduces the number and severity of freeway impacts; therefore, the EA is considered conservative and identifies more impacts than the PTA. Of the 68 segments evaluated under the EA, a total of 39 segments would have cumulative impacts during either the AM or PM peak hour. All 30 segments evaluated in the PTA would have cumulative impacts during either the AM or PM peak hour. Table 5 summarizes the number of freeway segments with Cumulative impacts in the PTA and the EA. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 18 of 35 TABLE 5: IMPACTED FREEWAY SEGMENTS UNDER CUMULATIVE CONDITIONS Freeway EA PTA Segments Studied Segments Impacted1 Segments Studied Segments Impacted1 SR 17 7 3 2 2 SR 85 19 18 9 5 SR 237 12 0 Not Analyzed Not Analyzed I-280 18 18 15 15 I-880 12 0 4 4 Notes: 1. A segment is determined to be impacted if the detailed impact analysis shows an impact in either direction of the segment, during either peak hour, and/or if the impact is on the HOV lane. Source Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment, Kimley-Horn, 2016; Fehr & Peers, 2016. In addition, in the EA, the volume of Project traffic assigned to the HOV lanes is higher than the currently observed HOV percentage. In the PTA, the amount of Project traffic assigned to the HOV lanes would be the same as the currently observed percentage. Thus the approach in the PTA likely results in fewer HOV lane impacts. IMPROVEMENT MEASURES The VTCSP identifies Environmental Design Features (EDFs) to address transportation impacts identified in the EA. These are discussed in more detail below. INTERSECTION IMPROVEMENTS Under the EA, six intersection improvements are proposed as part of the VTCSP and are presented in Table 6. The preliminary intersection mitigation measures identified in the PTA are also presented in Table 6. City of Cupertino’s General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update, and Associated Rezoning Draft EIR (June 2014) identified several intersection impacts and potential mitigation measures. Table 6 also identifies whether EDFs and preliminary improvements from the PTA are consistent with the General Plan. The VTCSP also identifies financial contributions to address potential transportation deficiencies including traffic signal software, freeway segment improvements, and improvements to the Wolfe Road/ I-280 interchange, which are discussed in more detail in the following subsections. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 19 of 35 SIGNAL IMPROVEMENTS To improve overall traffic operations along De Anza Boulevard (between I-280 and SR 85), Wolfe Road (generally between El Camino Real and Stevens Creek Boulevard), select locations on Stevens Creek Boulevard (Agilent Driveway and Perimeter Road) and the intersection of Tantau Avenue and Pruneridge Avenue, the VTCSP identifies a $2M to $3M contribution toward new signal software and improved signal coordination. It should be noted that as written in the VTCSP, the $2M to $3M contribution would not come solely from the Town Center/Community Park applicant, but also other project applicants in the area; although the other project applicants are not identified. Contributions toward signal software and improved signal coordination would be based on the project’s fair share contribution necessary to mitigate its portion of any impacts identified in the EIR, and may be negotiated further in the context of a development agreement. I-280/WOLFE ROAD INTERCHANGE The VTCSP identifies payment of $26M towards the planned transportation improvements at the I- 280/Wolfe Road interchange. The total cost of the new interchange is preliminarily estimated at around $70M to $80M. The VTCSP contribution equates to approximately 25 percent of the total cost. It should be noted that contributions toward freeway interchange improvements are typically assessed to determine the appropriate fair share contribution and finalized in consultation with the City and other appropriate agencies. This improvement is part of the Traffic Mitigation Fee Program discussed below. TRAFFIC MITIGATION FEE PROGRAM The City of Cupertino’s General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update, and Associated Rezoning Draft EIR (June 2014) identified several intersection impacts. Under a standard EIR analysis, the Project would be subject to the Traffic Impact Fee mitigation measures identified in the General Plan. Consistent with General Plan Policy M-10.2 and General Plan EIR Mitigation Measure TRAF-1, the City Public Works Department is currently undertaking the preparation of a nexus study and citywide traffic mitigation fee program (TMFP) for consideration by the City Council. At this time, however, there is no TMFP in place. If the City adopts a TMFP before a developer applies for building permits to develop the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan area, the applicant would pay the amount of the fee applicable to the project. Payment of the fee could either be required as a condition of project approval or issuance of permits, or as a term of a development agreement, if one is entered. The EA identifies several Environmental Design Features (EDFs) that would mitigate identified transportation impacts. These EDFs include both physical improvements and monetary contributions. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 20 of 35 Because the Initiative also requires substantial contributions to some of the same traffic improvements that may be included in the program of improvements funded by the TMFP, the developer’s contribution under the future TMFP could be partially or fully offset by the contributions and improvements required by the Initiative to the extent that the fees payable pursuant to the TMFP are intended to fund the same improvements. If, on the other hand, the City has not adopted a TMFP before issuance of building permits, the developer will still be required to contribute those funds and improvements described in the Initiative, including, e.g., $30 million for freeway infrastructure, specifically the build-out of the roadway improvements planned for North Wolfe Road and 1-280 overpass and interchange and future 1-280 freeway segment improvements, to address traffic congestion, as well as any other transportation mitigation measures identified pursuant to CEQA review for subsequent approvals. LAWRENCE EXPRESSWAY FACILITIES The VTCSP identifies a fair share contribution toward planned transportation improvements at Lawrence Expressway intersections with Homestead Road, Pruneridge Avenue, and Prospect Road. Because the fair share calculation would be based on the number of trips added by the VTCSP and the EA had a lower trip generation estimate than the PTA, the EA contribution would be lower than what would be required by the City in the EIR. Under the EA, approximately three to five percent of the total background traffic along Lawrence Expressway is VTCSP traffic. Under the PTA, approximately two to three percent of the total background traffic along Lawrence Expressway is VTCSP traffic. However, the background volumes along Lawrence Expressway are approximately 1,000 vehicles higher under the PTA compared to the EA. Additionally, the PTA assessment identified potential transportation impacts at other locations on Lawrence Expressway, including the southbound ramps at Stevens Creek Boulevard, Mitty Way, Bollinger Road, Doyle Road, and Saratoga Avenue. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 21 of 35 TABLE 6: LIKELY EIR MITIGATIONS / PROPOSED EA IMPROVEMENTS FOR INTERSECTIONS Intersection Potential TIF Intersection1 PTA EA Mitigation Included in GP EIR (PTA/EA) Impact Mitigation Impact Improvement City Comments Existing Conditions 12 De Anza Boulevard / McClellan Road Yes Yes LOS E V/C incr.>0.01 Realign the current off-set intersection and provide double left-turn lanes on the northbound and southbound De Anza Boulevard with associated receiving lanes (City of Cupertino General Plan 2014). No No Impact N/A Yes / N/A 55 Lawrence Expressway / Bollinger Road No Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Construct a third eastbound left- turn lane and third westbound left- turn lane (Santa Clara County Draft Expressway Plan 2040). No No Impact N/A No / N/A Background Conditions 11 De Anza Boulevard / Stevens Creek Boulevard Yes No No Impact Yes LOS E+ to LOS E- Provide eastbound right turn and northbound right turn overlap phases Monitor operation to evaluate need for extended westbound left-turn pocket City would not support this improvement. N/A / No 12 De Anza Boulevard / McClellan Road Yes Yes LOS E V/C incr.>0.01 Realign the current off-set intersection and provide double left-turn lanes on the northbound and southbound De Anza Boulevard with associated receiving lanes (City of Cupertino General Plan 2014). Yes LOS D to LOS E Provide an eastbound right turn overlap phase. City would not support this improvement. Yes / No Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 22 of 35 TABLE 6: LIKELY EIR MITIGATIONS / PROPOSED EA IMPROVEMENTS FOR INTERSECTIONS Intersection Potential TIF Intersection1 PTA EA Mitigation Included in GP EIR (PTA/EA) Impact Mitigation Impact Improvement City Comments 13 De Anza Boulevard / Bollinger Road No No No Impact Yes LOS D to LOS E Provide a westbound right turn overlap phase. City would not support this improvement. N/A / No 34 Wolfe Road / Stevens Creek Boulevard Yes Yes LOS E Delay incr.>4s Restripe westbound leg to provide designated right-turn lane by narrowing existing lanes (City of Cupertino General Plan 2014). Yes LOS D to LOS E Add a second southbound left turn lane. Provide an overlap phase for the southbound right turn and the eastbound right turn OR pay $250,000 in lieu traffic impact fee. City supports this improvement. City would not support this improvement. Yes / No 44 Tantau Avenue / Stevens Creek Boulevard Yes Yes LOS E Delay incr.>4s Construct an additional separate left-turn lane on northbound Tantau Avenue (City of Cupertino General Plan 2014). No No Impact N/A Yes / N/A 45 Stevens Creek Boulevard / Calvert Drive – I- 280 Ramps Yes Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Signal improvements No Implementation of new traffic signal software City supports this improvement Yes / N/A 53 Lawrence Expressway / Calvert Drive – I- 280 Southbound Ramp No Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Pay fair share contribution toward an overpass from southbound Lawrence Expressway to I-280 southbound on-ramp. (Santa Clara County Draft Expressway Plan 2040). No No Impact N/A No / N/A Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 23 of 35 TABLE 6: LIKELY EIR MITIGATIONS / PROPOSED EA IMPROVEMENTS FOR INTERSECTIONS Intersection Potential TIF Intersection1 PTA EA Mitigation Included in GP EIR (PTA/EA) Impact Mitigation Impact Improvement City Comments 54 Lawrence Expressway / Mitty Way No Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Pay fair share contribution toward the widening of Lawrence Expressway between Moorpark Avenue and I-280 Southbound Ramps (Santa Clara County Draft Expressway Plan 2040). No No Impact N/A No / N/A 55 Lawrence Expressway / Bollinger Road No Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Construct a third eastbound left- turn lane and third westbound left- turn lane (Santa Clara County Draft Expressway Plan 2040). No No Impact N/A No / N/A 57 Lawrence Expressway / Prospect Road No Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Pay fair share contribution toward a second eastbound left-turn lane from Prospect Road to Lawrence Expressway (Santa Clara County Valley Transportation Plan 2040). No No Impact N/A No / N/A Cumulative Conditions 8 De Anza Boulevard / Homestead Road No No No Impact Yes LOS D to LOS E Provide an eastbound right-turn overlap phase. City would not support this improvement. N/A / No 11 De Anza Boulevard / Stevens Creek Boulevard Yes Yes LOS E+ to LOS F Pay fair share contribution to the addition of a separate westbound right-turn lane from Stevens Creek Boulevard to De Anza Boulevard (City of Cupertino General Plan 2014). Yes LOS E to LOS F Provide eastbound right turn and northbound right turn overlap phases Monitor operation to evaluate need for extended westbound left-turn pocket City would not support this improvement. Yes / No Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 24 of 35 TABLE 6: LIKELY EIR MITIGATIONS / PROPOSED EA IMPROVEMENTS FOR INTERSECTIONS Intersection Potential TIF Intersection1 PTA EA Mitigation Included in GP EIR (PTA/EA) Impact Mitigation Impact Improvement City Comments 12 De Anza Boulevard / McClellan Road Yes Yes LOS E V/C incr.>0.01 Same mitigation as identified under Background Conditions. (Realign the current off-set intersection and provide double left-turn lanes on the northbound and southbound De Anza Boulevard with associated receiving lanes (City of Cupertino General Plan 2014)). Yes LOS D to LOS E Provide an eastbound right turn overlap phase. City would not support this improvement. N/A / No 13 De Anza Boulevard / Bollinger Road No Yes LOS E Delay incr.>4s No feasible improvement at this location. (Significant and Unavoidable) Yes LOS E Delay incr.>4s Provide a westbound right turn overlap phase. City would not support this improvement. N/A / No 34 Wolfe Road / Stevens Creek Boulevard Yes Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Same mitigation as identified under Background Conditions. (Restripe westbound leg to provide designated right-turn lane by narrowing existing lanes (City of Cupertino General Plan 2014)). Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Add a second southbound left turn lane. Provide an overlap phase for the southbound right turn and the eastbound right turn OR pay $250,000 in lieu traffic impact fee. City supports this improvement. City would not support this improvement. Yes / No 37 Miller Avenue/Bollinger No Yes LOS E Delay incr.>4s Pay fair share contribution to provide a dedicated right-turn lane on southbound Miller Avenue. No No Impact N/A No/No Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 25 of 35 TABLE 6: LIKELY EIR MITIGATIONS / PROPOSED EA IMPROVEMENTS FOR INTERSECTIONS Intersection Potential TIF Intersection1 PTA EA Mitigation Included in GP EIR (PTA/EA) Impact Mitigation Impact Improvement City Comments 44 Tantau Avenue / Stevens Creek Boulevard Yes Yes LOS D to LOS E Same mitigation as identified under Background Conditions. (Construct an additional left-turn lane on northbound Tantau Avenue (City of Cupertino General Plan 2014)). No No Impact N/A Yes / N/A 45 Stevens Creek Boulevard / Calvert Drive – I- 280 Ramps Yes Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Same mitigation as identified under Background Conditions. (Signal improvements.) No Implementation of new traffic signal software City supports this improvement Yes / N/A 48 Lawrence Expressway Southbound Ramp / Stevens Creek Boulevard No Yes LOS E to LOS F Pay fair share contribution to the addition of a second southbound right-turn lane from the Lawrence Expressway Ramp to Stevens Creek Boulevard (City of Cupertino General Plan 2014). No No Impact N/A Yes / N/A 53 Lawrence Expressway / Calvert Drive – I- 280 Southbound Ramp No Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Same mitigation as identified under Background Conditions. (Pay fair share contribution toward an overpass from southbound Lawrence Expressway to I-280 southbound on-ramp. (Santa Clara County Draft Expressway Plan 2040)). No No Impact N/A No / N/A Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 26 of 35 TABLE 6: LIKELY EIR MITIGATIONS / PROPOSED EA IMPROVEMENTS FOR INTERSECTIONS Intersection Potential TIF Intersection1 PTA EA Mitigation Included in GP EIR (PTA/EA) Impact Mitigation Impact Improvement City Comments 54 Lawrence Expressway / Mitty Way No Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Same mitigation as identified under Background Conditions. (Pay fair share contribution toward the widening of Lawrence Expressway between Moorpark Avenue and I-280 Southbound Ramps (Santa Clara County Draft Expressway Plan 2040)). No No Impact N/A No / N/A 55 Lawrence Expressway / Bollinger Road No Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Same mitigation as identified under Background Conditions. (Construct a third eastbound left- turn lane and third westbound left- turn lane (Santa Clara County Draft Expressway Plan 2040)). No No Impact N/A No / N/A 56 Lawrence Expressway / Doyle Road No Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s No feasible improvements at this location. (Significant and Unavoidable) No No Impact N/A No / N/A 57 Lawrence Expressway / Prospect Road No Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Same mitigation as identified under Background Conditions. (Pay fair share contribution toward a second eastbound left-turn lane from Prospect Road to Lawrence Expressway (Santa Clara County Valley Transportation Plan 2040)). No No Impact N/A No / N/A Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 27 of 35 TABLE 6: LIKELY EIR MITIGATIONS / PROPOSED EA IMPROVEMENTS FOR INTERSECTIONS Intersection Potential TIF Intersection1 PTA EA Mitigation Included in GP EIR (PTA/EA) Impact Mitigation Impact Improvement City Comments 58 Lawrence Expressway / Saratoga Avenue No Yes LOS F Delay incr.>4s Pay fair share contribution toward a second eastbound left-turn lane from northbound Saratoga Avenue to northbound Lawrence Expressway (Santa Clara County Draft Expressway Plan 2040). No No Impact N/A No / N/A 60 SR 85 Northbound Ramps / Saratoga Avenue Yes LOS D Delay incr.>4s Pay fair share contribution toward reconfiguring the northbound off- ramp approach to include two left- turn lanes and two right-turn lanes (Fehr & Peers 2015). No No Impact N/A No / N/A Notes: 1. TIF intersections are those that are currently identified in the General Plan EIR as locations that would be included in the City’s pending Traffic Mitigation Fee Program. Source: Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment, Kimley-Horn, 2016; Fehr & Peers, 2016. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 28 of 35 FREEWAY IMPROVEMENTS For the potential freeway impacts identified in the EA, the VTCSP proposes to pay a contribution of $4M towards planned transportation improvements identified in VTA’s Valley Transportation Plan 2040 that would benefit the affected freeway segments. The PTA had not identified the Project’s traffic contribution to the impacted freeway segments to assess the potential magnitude of a fair share financial contribution. Although it should be noted that contributions to the VTA for freeway impacts are voluntary and the amounts are typically finalized in consultation with the City and other appropriate agencies. Overall, the City of Cupertino would request that the freeway fair share contribution be allocated to the I-280/Wolfe Road interchange, discussed below. Table 7 summarizes the impacted freeway segments for both the PTA and the EA, along with the proposed mitigations that would be required under the PTA or are proposed as part of the EA. TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT The VTCSP includes a detailed TDM Plan for the office components with a required vehicle trip reduction of 30 percent below estimates using ITE’s Office (ITE 710) trip generation rates. The Plan does not include trip reduction targets for the residential or commercial components. The TDM Plan includes appointment of a TDM manager to implement and monitor the TDM Plan through annual driveway counts. The TDM Plan contains specific measures that could be implemented, along with a monitoring plan and penalty system, if goals are not achieved. The 30 percent trip reduction is applied to estimates based on ITE rates and not the Silicon Valley office rates used to estimate the office trip generation in both the EA and PTA. The Silicon Valley office rates already account for a 17 percent AM peak hour and 19 percent PM peak hour TDM reduction. Thus the TDM Plan proposes to further reduce project trips by only an additional 13 and 11 percentage points for the AM and PM peak hours, respectively. The TDM Plan is similar to what the City adopted as part of the Apple Campus 2 project and includes annual monitoring for the first ten years. If in the last three years the targets are met, then the frequency of monitoring is reduced to every two years. If TDM goals are not met while biennial monitoring is being conducted, the monitoring frequency reverts back to an annual basis. One difference is that the proposed monitoring starts one year after occupancy, while Apple is required to start monitoring 6 months after occupancy. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 29 of 35 TABLE 7: LIKELY EIR MITIGATIONS / PROPOSED EA IMPROVEMENTS FOR FREEWAY SEGMENTS Freeway Segment PTA EA Segments Studied Segments Impacted Mitigation Segments Studied Segments Impacted Improvement Existing Conditions SR 17 2 2 Pay a contribution to freeway improvements as negotiated with VTA. 7 0 No impacts. SR 85 9 5 Pay a contribution to freeway improvements as negotiated with VTA. 19 14 $4 million toward freeway improvements along I- 280 and other freeways. SR 237 0 0 No impacts 12 0 No impacts. I-280 15 10 Pay a contribution to freeway improvements as negotiated with VTA. 18 16 $4 million toward freeway improvements along I- 280 (and other freeways) and $26 million toward Wolfe Road/I-280 interchange improvements. I-880 4 3 Pay a contribution to freeway improvements as negotiated with VTA. 12 0 No impacts. Cumulative Conditions SR 17 2 2 Pay a contribution to freeway improvements as negotiated with VTA. 7 3 $4 million toward freeway improvements along I- 280 and other freeways. SR 85 9 9 Pay a contribution to freeway improvements as negotiated with VTA. 19 18 $4 million toward freeway improvements along I- 280 and other freeways. SR 237 0 0 No impacts 12 0 No impacts. I-280 15 15 Pay a contribution to freeway improvements as negotiated with VTA. 18 18 $4 million toward freeway improvements along I- 280 (and other freeways) and $26 million toward Wolfe Road/I-280 interchange improvements. I-880 4 4 Pay a contribution to freeway improvements as negotiated with VTA. 12 0 No impacts. Source: Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment, Kimley-Horn, 2016; Fehr & Peers, 2016. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 30 of 35 The penalty fee is $5 per trip, which is the same as required by Apple; however the VTCSP TDM Plan proposes that this penalty is paid every three months until the next monitoring period (i.e., four payments annually). This is not required by Apple. Some other differences from the Apple Campus 2 TDM Plan is that the VTCSP TDM Plan includes a provision that if the targets are not met and the TDM measures are increased/modified with the goal of meeting the TDM targets, then the penalty would be reduced to $3 per trip. The revised Plan would require City approval. Additionally, since the office component of the VTCSP will not necessarily be occupied by one company and may have multiple tenants, the TDM Plan includes provisions that the new tenants can amend the TDM Plan per City approval. Overall, the TDM Plan as outlined in the VTCSP is consistent with past practices in the City of Cupertino. One exception is that the TDM Plan states that if the City and future office development applicants cannot reach an agreement on a revised TDM Plan that that penalty shall accrue at a rate of $3 per trip per weekday. With no agreement, the City would typically require the penalty to revert back to the original $5 per trip fee. In terms of implementation of the TDM Plan it is not clear how the office trip generation will be monitored separately from the remaining VTCSP uses. The offices uses do not have exclusive parking areas with driveways that are discrete from the remaining uses of the VTCSP. Thus any driveway counts would include all uses on the site and it would be difficult to determine trips generated by the office uses alone and whether the TDM goals are being met. Overall, the TDM Plan would further reduce the trips generated by the Project as compared what was analyzed in the EA and PTA. Thus level of impacts identified in the EA would be further reduced. TRANSIT EVALUATION Under the EA, transit ridership was estimated to be approximately 260 peak hour transit riders based on the mixed-use trip generation analysis. Under the EIR, the number of transit riders would be estimated by using the mixed-use trip generation analysis and by taking into account the transit ridership incorporated into the Silicon Valley office trip generation rates. This would most likely result in a higher number of transit riders associated with the Project that may or may not produce transit capacity impacts. The EA calculates transit delay based on the average speed for each route throughout the study area under Background and Background with Project Conditions. The EA specifies that an impact would result when the average speed reduces by one mph or more when under Background Conditions the average speed is below 15 mph. When the speed is greater than 15 mph under Background Condition, an impact Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 31 of 35 would result when the speed reduces to below 15 mph, or if the Project results in a 25 percent reduction in the average speed. The City of Cupertino and VTA do not have a specified significance threshold for transit delay; although it is not uncommon for the lead agency to develop impact thresholds for evaluation purposes. Based on the threshold established in the EA, the VTCSP would have no transit delay impacts. The EIR would have completed a transit delay analysis under Existing, Background, and Cumulative and all With Project Conditions to determine the amount of additional delay along each route throughout the study area. Therefore, the EIR would have evaluated the potential transit delay increases under multiple analysis scenarios and relied on the City to work closely with VTA to determine the need for improvements related to potential in transit delay impacts. The VTCSP includes the following transit improvements, which would be implemented by the VTCSP and other developments, to the extent not already constructed or funded by other existing commitments:  Public transit center on the east side of the Specific Plan Area to serve office workers  Public transit center as part of the Mobility Hub on the north side of Stevens Creek Boulevard In general these improvements seem reasonable and the VTCSP would need good access to transit to achieve its trip reduction goals. The City would negotiate with VTA transit improvements to be included as part of the Project during its planning and design stage to ensure that they are consistent with VTA’s long-terms plans and needs. Thus without confirmation with VTA the adequacy of the proposed transit improvements cannot be determined. BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN EVALUATION According to the 2014 update to the VTA TIA Guidelines, a bicycle and pedestrian quality of service evaluation should be included as part of the EIR process. Therefore, the EIR would have evaluated the bicycle and pedestrian Quality of Service at all intersections where there is a proposed geometric change (including likely EIR mitigation measures). The evaluation would be completed using one of the Quality of Service methods provided within the VTA TIA Guidelines. A qualitative assessment of the current and proposed bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure would have been provided in accordance with City of Cupertino’s May 2011 Bicycle Transportation Plan (the City is in the process of updating their Bicycle Plan with an anticipated release date of June 2016), City of Cupertino’s April 2002 Pedestrian Transportation Guidelines, and the 2008 Santa Clara Countywide Bicycle Plan (the Countywide Bicycle Plan is currently being updated by VTA with an anticipated release date of Spring 2017) . Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 32 of 35 Under the EA, the current and proposed bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure is described for the proposed site, but there is no Quality of Service evaluation that would be included under the EIR. The VTCSP includes the following bicycle and pedestrian improvements, to the extent not already constructed or funded by other existing commitments:  Green color backed sharrows on Tantau Avenue between Stevens Creek Boulevard and Bollinger Road o Sharrows are already included on this segment of Tantau Avenue and the City would likely not require them to be modified to green color backed sharrows.  Marked bike loop-detectors on southbound Portal Avenue at its intersection with Stevens Creek Boulevard. o This improvement would likely be required by the City as part of the EIR process.  Convert all-way stop-control to a two-way stop control at the Portal Avenue/Wheaton Drive intersection, with stops on Wheaton Drive. o The City would likely not require this improvement as part of the VTCSP.  Green color backed sharrows on Portal Avenue between Stevens Creek Boulevard and Wheaton Drive. o The City would likely require sharrows on this segment of Portal Avenue, though green backing would not be required.  Ladder style crosswalk at Amherst Drive/Portal Avenue intersection. o The City would likely require this improvement as part of the VTCSP.  “Neighborhood Greenway” signage on Portal Avenue. o The City would likely require this improvement as part of the VTCSP.  Provide $6M cash donation to analyze and construct a 2-mile bicycle/pedestrian trail along the southern edge of I-280 between De Anza Boulevard and Wolfe Road o The City would likely require this improvement as part of the VTCSP. In addition to the measures outlined above, the City would likely require additional improvements, such as green or buffered lanes on Wolfe Road, Class IV protected bike lanes on Stevens Creek Boulevard, and removal of pork chop islands at the Stevens Creek Boulevard/Wolfe Road intersection. Additionally, the City would require enhanced pedestrian crossings at the Stevens Creek Boulevard intersections at Perimeter Road and Wolfe Road, as well as the Vallco Parkway intersections at Wolfe Road and Perimeter Road. The Specific Plan requires a developer to “construct and/or fund additional improvements to pedestrian and bike trail(s) throughout the Plan Area, including along the entirety of the existing Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 33 of 35 Perimeter road, and in the Plan Area vicinity to improve Safe Routes to Schools and address both bike and pedestrian safety and traffic concerns.” (C-90.) Therefore, the Specific Plan contemplates that additional measures, like those the City would typically require, are required community benefits. PARKING The VTCSP discusses both proposed vehicle and bicycle parking. VEHICLE PARKING In the VTCSP, vehicle parking within the plan area was designed to: a) meet the needs of site while avoiding spillover into adjacent neighborhoods, and b) to limit excess parking supply to support the trip reduction goals of the Project. A major component of the VTCSP’s parking supply recommendations are based on the mixed-use nature of the site. The VTCSP includes a total of 9,060 parking spaces.3 The City of Cupertino’ Municipal Code section 19.124.040 provides minimum parking requirements for mixed-use developments. The EA calculates the parking supply for the plan area by first calculating the parking supply requirements separately for each land use as set forth in the City of Cupertino’s Municipal Code. Then it applies the Municipal Code’s weekday PM peak hour shared use parking reductions to the City’s standard for each separate land use resulting in a parking requirement of 11,215 spaces. This number is further reduced by the 21 percent mixed-use trip reduction factor calculated as part of trip generation, resulting in a parking requirement of 8,860 spaces. The EA concludes that the proposed parking supply of 9,060 spaces exceeds the parking supply by 200 spaces.4 The 21 percent reduction used in the EA is based on the MXD reduction for daily trips used within the trip generation calculation. Although trip generation and parking are linked, it is not standard engineering practice to apply vehicle trip reductions to estimate parking supply reductions. Additionally, the EA minimum parking requirements double counts the mixed use reductions as follows: (1) once using the Municipal Code’s shared parking reductions; and (2) again using the 21 percent MXD reduction. Under the PTA, the City’s shared parking calculations for mixed-use developments established in the Municipal Code would result in a parking requirement of 10,413 parking spaces. It would be 3 Under the Specific Plan, this number may be increased or decreased by 5% (450 stalls) without approval of the Community Development Director. It further contemplates that parking beyond the 5% deviation can be granted by the Community Development Director with “justification for the adjustment being sought.” 4 There is an error in the parking supply calculation as presented in the EA. Based on the information presented in Table 17-17 the parking supply requirement for the Retail component would be 1,540 spaces and not 1,440 spaces (640 ksf x 4 spaces/ksf = 2,560 spaces; 2,560 spaces x 60% = 1,540). This would change total parking requirement to 11,315 or 8,939 spaces after applying the MXD reduction. Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 34 of 35 recommended as part of the EIR that a parking study be conducted to determine the demand for the project. The study could also review sources such as ULI that provide shared parking models. Overall, the EA’s conclusions for parking are not consistent with City practices. BICYCLE PARKING As presented in the EA, the City of Cupertino has the following bicycle parking requirements, presented in Table 8, which are consistent with what is presented in the City of Cupertino’s Municipal Code. TABLE 8: CITY OF CUPERTINO BICYCLE PARKING REQUIREMENTS Land Use Bicycle Space Rate Requirement Approximate Bicycle Space Requirement High Density Multiple-Family One Class I space for every 0.4 dwelling unit 640 – Class I Office (Corporate/Administrative/General Multi- Tenant) One Class I facility for every 0.05 automobile parking space 382 – Class I Commercial One Class II facility for every 0.05 automobile parking space 128 – Class II Source: City of Cupertino Municipal Code (Section 19.124.040). Applying the rates outlined in Table 8, the Project would be required to provide 1,022 Class I parking spaces (640 + 382) and 128 Class II parking spaces. Class I bicycle parking spaces are usually enclosed and are intended for long-term parking, while Class II bicycle parking is more intended for short-term parking and typically includes bike racks. The EA determined the bicycle parking requirements based on the vehicle parking supply numbers that were reduced for shared parking and mixed use. This resulted in a recommended bicycle supply of 487 Class I facilities and 81 Class II facilities. Although not specified in the Municipal Code, the City typically applies the bicycle parking supply rates to the gross parking supply numbers. Thus the bicycle parking supply calculations presented in the EA are not consistent with City practices. NEIGHBORHOOD INTRUSION The VTCSP includes a $300,000 fund for neighborhood traffic/parking monitoring and for construction of any necessary neighborhood protection measures to ensure there will be no Project parking spill-over or cut through traffic in the adjacent neighborhoods. As part of the environmental review process, the City would require a similar fee to monitor and implement any improvements related to neighborhood intrusion. Apple Campus 2 was required to set aside a $250,000 fund for monitoring within Santa Clara Kristy Weis June 28, 2016 Page 35 of 35 and $500,000 within Sunnyvale. Overall the $300,000 fund is reasonable, although the City could require a fund up to approximately $500,000 to monitor traffic and parking intrusion in the surrounding neighborhoods based on Apple Campus 2. VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED (VMT) As part of the EIR, an estimate of vehicle miles traveled (VMT) would have been calculated. VMT estimates would have been produced using the MainStreet trip generation tool referenced above for use in the trip generation estimates. Based on this web-based tool, the Project will generate an estimated 321,930 VMT. Using rough estimates of the service population and VMT characteristics, this translates to approximately 29.0 VMT per service population. The existing land uses on the site (at 62 percent occupancy) generate approximately 62.2 VMT per service population (102,870 VMT). Thus, although the total VMT would increase due to the redevelopment of the site; the VMT per service population would decrease. ATTACHMENT DETAILED EXPLANATIONS FOR DIFFERENCES IN PROJECT INTERSECTION IMPACTS AND CUMULATIVE INTERSECTION IMPACTS BACKGROUND CONDITIONS Detailed technical explanations for the differences in Project intersection impacts identified in the EA and in the PTA are presented below. The primary explanation is volume differences caused by different trip assignments for other approved development projects and due to differences in the amount of Project traffic. These volume differences contribute to the different delay estimates and ultimately different Project impacts. Intersection with Project Impacts in the EA and not the PTA There was one intersection where a potential intersection impact was identified in the EA that was not identified in the PTA.  Intersection #13 De Anza Boulevard / Bollinger Road: o For the PTA, intersection level of service calculation factors for CMP intersections were taken from the VTA 2014 CMP Traffix network. The arrival type provided in the CMP Traffix network is different than what was used for the EA. The EA’s approach is not consistent with what the City would do for an EIR; however, Fehr & Peers did not test if the application of the appropriate arrival type in combination with the EA’s volumes would result in a significant impact. Intersections with Project Impacts Identified in the PTA but not the EA There were seven intersections where an impact was identified in the PTA that were not identified in the EA:  Intersection #44 Stevens Creek Boulevard / Tantau Avenue: o The primary reason for the impact difference is the differences in trip assignments for approved development projects and the amount of added Project traffic.  Intersection #45 Stevens Creek Boulevard / Calvert Drive-I-280 Ramps (east): o Differences in cycle length used in the EA and the PTA of 160 and 100 seconds, respectively, result in slight differences in delay. The PTA used a 100-second cycle length to match the value used in the Apple Campus 2 TIA. Using a cycle length from previous project is considered consistent with what the City practice for an EIR, however, it is also acceptable to use field observed cycle lengths as well. If the 160 seconds shown in the EA was observed in the field, then it would be considered consistent with City practices. o Under the EA, the westbound left-turn movement has a minimum green time of 7 seconds under Background Conditions and 23 seconds under Background with Project Conditions. This is most likely a coding error. Fehr & Peers did not test if the application of the correct green time in combination with the EA’s volumes would result in a significant impact.  Intersection #53 Lawrence Expressway / I-280 Southbound Ramps: o The arrival type provided in the CMP Traffix network is different than what was used in the level of service calculation for the EA. The EA’s approach is not consistent with City practice. Fehr & Peers did not test if the application of the appropriate arrival type in combination with the EA’s volumes would result in a significant impact.  Intersection #54 Lawrence Expressway / Mitty Way: o The primary reason is the differences in trip assignments for approved projects and the amount of added Project traffic.  Intersection #55 Lawrence Expressway / Bollinger Road: o Under the EA, the northbound left-turn and southbound through/right-turn movements have different minimum green times for Background with Project Conditions compared to Background No Project Conditions. This is most likely a coding error. Fehr & Peers did not test if the application of the correct green times in combination with the EA’s volumes would result in a significant impact. o The arrival type in the CMP Traffix network is different than what was used in the level of service calculation for the EA. The EA’s approach is not consistent with City practice. Fehr & Peers did not test if the application of the appropriate arrival type in combination with the EA’s volumes would result in a significant impact  Intersection #57 Lawrence Expressway / Prospect Road: o Under the EA, the northbound through/right-turn movement has a different minimum green time for Background with Project Conditions compared to Background Conditions. This is most likely a coding error. Fehr & Peers did not test if the application of the correct green times in combination with the EA’s volumes would result in a significant impact CUMULATIVE CONDITIONS The differences in number of intersection impacts identified in the EA and in the PTA for Cumulative Conditions are presented below. Due to the differences between the EA and the PTA in trip assignments for other approved development projects, for pending development projects, and in the amount of added Project traffic, there are volume differences at the study intersections between the EA and the PTA. These volume difference contribute to different delay estimates and ultimately different impacts. Intersections with Cumulative Impacts in the EA and not the PTA There was one intersection where a potential intersection impact was identified in the EA but not in the PTA.  Intersection #8 De Anza Boulevard / Homestead Road: o The arrival type used in the level of service calculation provided in the CMP Traffix network is different than what was used for the EA. The EA’s approach is not consistent with City practice. Fehr & Peers did not test whether the application of the appropriate arrival type, in combination with the EA’s volumes, would result change the identified impact. Intersections with Cumulative Impacts Identified in the PTA but not the EA There were eleven intersections where a Cumulative impact was identified in the PTA but not in the EA, including the six of the intersections with Project impacts. The explanations for the six intersections with Project impacts hold true for Cumulative Conditions.  Intersection #37 Miller Avenue / Bollinger Road: o The primary reasons for the impact difference are the trip assignments for approved/pending development projects and the amount of added Project traffic.  Intersection #48 Stevens Creek Boulevard / Lawrence Expressway Ramps (west): o The differences in cycle length used in the EA and PTA of 160 and 120 seconds, respectively, result in slight differences in delay. The PTA used 120 second cycle length to match the Apple Campus 2 TIA. Using a cycle length from previous project is considered consistent City practice; however, it is also acceptable to use field observed cycle length. If the 160 seconds shown in the EA was observed in the field, then it would be considered consistent with City practice. o The EA assumed a minimum green time of 20 seconds for the southbound approach and 100 seconds for the eastbound and westbound approaches during the AM peak hour. This is most likely a coding error. Fehr & Peers did not test if the application of the correct green time in combination with the EA’s volumes would result in a significant impact.  Intersection #56 Lawrence Expressway / Doyle Road: o The primary reasons for the impact difference are the differences in trip assignments for approved/pending development projects and in the amount of added Project traffic.  Intersection #58 Lawrence Expressway / Saratoga Avenue: o The eastbound left-turn and right-turn, and the westbound right-turn movements have a large difference in trip assignment from approved/pending projects between the EA and PTA. Without a detailed review of the trip assignments, it is difficult to determine whether t he EA’s analysis results are consistent City practices.  Intersection #60 SR 85 (North) / Saratoga Avenue: o The differences in cycle length used in the EA and PTA of 100 and 120 seconds, respectively, result in slight differences in delay. The PTA used 120 second cycle length to match the Apple Campus 2 TIA. A cycle length from previous project is considered consistent with City practice. However, it is also acceptable to use field observed cycle lengths. If the 100 seconds shown in the EA was observed in the field, then it would be considered consistent with City practice. Vallco Town Center Freeway Impact Comparison TABLE 1: EXISTING WITH PROJECT FREEWAY IMPACTS Beginning Segment End Segment Peak Hour Preliminary Traffic Assessment (PTA) Environmental Assessment (EA) NB/EB Direction1 SB/WB Direction1 NB/EB Direction1 SB/WB Direction1 SR 17 Summit Rd Bear Creek Rd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Bear Creek Rd Saratoga AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Saratoga Lark Ave AM PM - / - - / - - / - X / - - / - - / - - / - - / - Lark Ave SR 85 AM PM - / - - / - - / - X / - - / - - / - - / - - / - SR 85 San Tomas Expwy / Camden Ave AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - San Tomas Expwy /Camden Ave Hamilton Ave AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Hamilton Ave I-280 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - SR 85 US 101 Cottle Rd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Cottle Rd Blossom Hill Rd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Blossom Hill Rd SR 87 AM PM N/A N/A X / X - / - - / - - / - SR 87 Almaden Expwy AM PM N/A N/A X / X - / - - / - - / - Almaden Expwy Camden Ave AM PM N/A N/A X / X - / - - / - - / - Camden Ave Union Ave AM PM N/A N/A X / - - / - - / - - / - Union Ave S. Bascom Ave AM PM - / - - / - - / - X / - X / X - / - - / - X / - S. Bascom Ave SR 17 AM PM - / - - / - - / - X / - X / X - / - - / - X / - SR 17 Winchester Blvd AM PM X / - - / - - / - - / - X / X - / - - / - - / - Winchester Blvd Saratoga Ave AM PM X / - - / - - / - - / - X / - - / - - / - - / - Saratoga Ave Saratoga- Sunnyvale Rd AM PM - / - - / - - / - X / - - / - - / - - / - X / - Saratoga-Sunnyvale Rd Stevens Creek Blvd AM PM - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - Stevens Creek Blvd I-280 AM PM - / - - / - - / - - / - X / - - / - - / - X / - I-280 W. Homestead Rd AM PM - / - - / - - / - - / - X / - - / - - / - - / - W. Homestead Rd W. Fremont Ave AM PM - / - - / - - / - - / - - / X - / - - / - - / - W. Fremont Ave El Camino Real AM N/A N/A - / X - / - TABLE 1: EXISTING WITH PROJECT FREEWAY IMPACTS Beginning Segment End Segment Peak Hour Preliminary Traffic Assessment (PTA) Environmental Assessment (EA) NB/EB Direction1 SB/WB Direction1 NB/EB Direction1 SB/WB Direction1 PM - / - - / - El Camino Real SR 237 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / X SR 237 Central Expwy AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Central Expwy US 101 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - SR 237 El Camino Real SR 85 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - SR 85 Central Pkwy AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Central Pkwy Maude Ave AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Maude Ave US 101 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - US 101 Mathilda Ave AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Mathilda Ave N. Fair Oaks Ave AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - N. Fair Oaks Ave Lawrence Expwy AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Lawrence Expwy Great America Pkwy AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Great America Pkwy N. First St AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - N. First St Zanker Rd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Zanker Rd McCarthy Blvd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - McCarthy Blvd I-880 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - I-280 Alpine Rd Page Mill Rd AM PM - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - Page Mill Rd La Barranca Rd AM PM - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - X / - La Barranca Rd El Monte Rd AM PM - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - X / - El Monte Rd Magdalena Ave AM PM - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - X / - Magdalena Ave Foothill Expwy AM PM - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - Foothill Expwy SR 85 AM PM - / - - / - X / - - / - X / - - / - - / - - / - SR 85 De Anza Blvd AM PM - / - X / - X / - - / - X / - - / - - / - X / - TABLE 1: EXISTING WITH PROJECT FREEWAY IMPACTS Beginning Segment End Segment Peak Hour Preliminary Traffic Assessment (PTA) Environmental Assessment (EA) NB/EB Direction1 SB/WB Direction1 NB/EB Direction1 SB/WB Direction1 De Anza Blvd Wolfe Rd AM PM - / - X / - X / - - / - X / - - / - - / - X / - Wolfe Rd Lawrence Expwy AM PM - / - X / - X / - - / - X / - - / - - / - X / - Lawrence Expwy Saratoga Ave AM PM - / - X / - X / X - / - X / X - / - - / - X / - Saratoga Ave Winchester Blvd AM PM - / - X / - X / - - / - X / - - / - - / - X / - Winchester Blvd I-880 AM PM - / - X / X X / X X / - X / X X / - - / - X / X I-880 Meridian Ave AM PM - / - X / X X / X - / - X / X - / - - / - X / X Meridian Ave Bird Ave AM PM - / - X / - X / - - / - X / - - / - - / - X / - Bird Ave SR 87 AM PM - / - X / - X / - - / - X / - - / - - / - X / - SR 87 10th St AM PM N/A N/A X / - - / - - / - X / - 10th St McLaughlin Ave AM PM N/A N/A X / - - / - - / - - / - McLaughlin Ave US 101 AM PM N/A N/A X / - - / - - / - - / - I-880 I-280 Stevens Creek Blvd AM PM - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - Stevens Creek Blvd N. Bascom Ave AM PM - / - X / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - N. Bascom Ave The Alameda AM PM - / - X / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - The Alameda Coleman Ave AM PM - / - X / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - Coleman Ave SR 87 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - SR 87 N. 1st St AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - N. 1st St US 101 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - US 101 E. Brokaw Rd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - E. Brokaw Rd Montague Expwy AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Montague Expwy Great Mall Pkwy AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Great Mall Pkwy SR 237 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - SR 237 Dixon Landing Rd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Notes: “X” = Project contributes greater than one percent of the segment capacity on a segment already operating at LOS F. “-“ = No Project impact “N/A” = freeway segment was not evaluated 1. “- / -“ = Mixed-flow Lane Impact / HOV Lane Impact Source: Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment, Kimley-Horn, 2016; Fehr & Peers, 2016. TABLE 2: CUMULATIVE WITH PROJECT FREEWAY IMPACTS Beginning Segment End Segment Peak Hour Preliminary Traffic Assessment (PTA) Environmental Assessment (EA) NB/EB Direction1 SB/WB Direction1 NB/EB Direction1 SB/WB Direction1 SR 17 Summit Rd Bear Creek Rd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Bear Creek Rd Saratoga AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Saratoga Lark Ave AM PM X / - - / - X / - X / - X / - - / - - / - - / - Lark Ave SR 85 AM PM X / - - / - - / - - / - X / - - / - - / - - / - SR 85 San Tomas Expwy / Camden Ave AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - San Tomas Expwy /Camden Ave Hamilton Ave AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Hamilton Ave I-280 AM PM N/A N/A X / - - / - - / - - / - SR 85 US 101 Cottle Rd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - X / - Cottle Rd Blossom Hill Rd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - X / - Blossom Hill Rd SR 87 AM PM N/A N/A X / - - / - - / - X / X SR 87 Almaden Expwy AM PM N/A N/A X / - - / - - / - X / - Almaden Expwy Camden Ave AM PM N/A N/A X / X X / - - / - X / X Camden Ave Union Ave AM PM N/A N/A X / X X / - X / - X / X Union Ave S. Bascom Ave AM PM X / X X / - X / - X / - X / X X / - X / - X / X S. Bascom Ave SR 17 AM PM X / X - / - - / - X / - X / - X / - - / - X / - SR 17 Winchester Blvd AM PM X / X - / - X / - X / - X / - X / - X / - X / X Winchester Blvd Saratoga Ave AM PM X / - X / - X / - X / - X / X X / - X / - X / X Saratoga Ave Saratoga- Sunnyvale Rd AM PM X / - X / - X / - X / - X / X X / - X / - X / X Saratoga-Sunnyvale Rd Stevens Creek Blvd AM PM X / - X / - X / - X / - - / - - / - - / - - / - Stevens Creek Blvd I-280 AM PM X / - X / - X / - X / - X / - - / - X / - X / - I-280 W. Homestead Rd AM PM X / X - / - X / - X / - X / - - / - - / - - / - W. Homestead Rd W. Fremont Ave AM PM X / X X / - X / - X / - X / - X / - X / - X / X W. Fremont Ave El Camino Real AM N/A N/A X / - X / - TABLE 2: CUMULATIVE WITH PROJECT FREEWAY IMPACTS Beginning Segment End Segment Peak Hour Preliminary Traffic Assessment (PTA) Environmental Assessment (EA) NB/EB Direction1 SB/WB Direction1 NB/EB Direction1 SB/WB Direction1 PM X / - X / X El Camino Real SR 237 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - X / - - / - SR 237 Central Expwy AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - X / - - / X Central Expwy US 101 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - X / - - / - SR 237 El Camino Real SR 85 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - SR 85 Central Pkwy AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Central Pkwy Maude Ave AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Maude Ave US 101 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - US 101 Mathilda Ave AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Mathilda Ave N. Fair Oaks Ave AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - N. Fair Oaks Ave Lawrence Expwy AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Lawrence Expwy Great America Pkwy AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Great America Pkwy N. First St AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - N. First St Zanker Rd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Zanker Rd McCarthy Blvd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - McCarthy Blvd I-880 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - I-280 Alpine Rd Page Mill Rd AM PM - / - X / - - / - - / - X / - X / - X / - - / - Page Mill Rd La Barranca Rd AM PM X / - - / - X / - X / - X / - - / - X / - - / - La Barranca Rd El Monte Rd AM PM X / - - / - X / - X / - X / - - / - X / - - / - El Monte Rd Magdalena Ave AM PM X / - X / - X / - X / - - / X - / - - / - - / - Magdalena Ave Foothill Expwy AM PM X / - X / - X / - X / - X / X X / - X / - X / - Foothill Expwy SR 85 AM PM X / X X / - X / - X / - X / X X / - X / - X / - SR 85 De Anza Blvd AM PM X / X X / - X / - X / - X / X X / - X / - X / X TABLE 2: CUMULATIVE WITH PROJECT FREEWAY IMPACTS Beginning Segment End Segment Peak Hour Preliminary Traffic Assessment (PTA) Environmental Assessment (EA) NB/EB Direction1 SB/WB Direction1 NB/EB Direction1 SB/WB Direction1 De Anza Blvd Wolfe Rd AM PM X / X X / - X / - X / - X / - X / - X / - X / - Wolfe Rd Lawrence Expwy AM PM X / - X / - X / - X / - X / - - / - X / - X / - Lawrence Expwy Saratoga Ave AM PM X / - X / - X / - X / - X / X - / - X / - X / X Saratoga Ave Winchester Blvd AM PM X / - X / - X / - X / - X / X X / - X / - X / X Winchester Blvd I-880 AM PM X / - X / - X / - X / - X / X X / - X / - X / X I-880 Meridian Ave AM PM X / X - / - - / - X / - X / X X / - X / - X / X Meridian Ave Bird Ave AM PM X / - - / - - / - X / - X / X X / - X / - X / X Bird Ave SR 87 AM PM X / - - / - - / - X / - X / - - / - - / - X / - SR 87 10th St AM PM N/A N/A X / X - / - X / - X / X 10th St McLaughlin Ave AM PM N/A N/A X / - - / - X / - X / X McLaughlin Ave US 101 AM PM N/A N/A X / - - / - - / - X / X I-880 I-280 Stevens Creek Blvd AM PM X / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - - / - Stevens Creek Blvd N. Bascom Ave AM PM X / - - / - X / - X / - - / - - / - - / - - / - N. Bascom Ave The Alameda AM PM X / - X / - X / - X / - - / - - / - - / - - / - The Alameda Coleman Ave AM PM X / - X / - X / - X / - - / - - / - - / - - / - Coleman Ave SR 87 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - SR 87 N. 1st St AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - N. 1st St US 101 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - US 101 E. Brokaw Rd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - E. Brokaw Rd Montague Expwy AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Montague Expwy Great Mall Pkwy AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Great Mall Pkwy SR 237 AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - SR 237 Dixon Landing Rd AM PM N/A N/A - / - - / - - / - - / - Notes: “X” = Project contributes greater than one percent of the segment capacity on a segment already operating at LOS F. “-“ = No Project impact “N/A” = freeway segment was not evaluated 1. “- / -“ = Mixed-flow Lane Impact / HOV Lane Impact Source: Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Environmental Assessment, Kimley-Horn, 2016; Fehr & Peers, 2016. 9212 Report – City of Cupertino June 2016 | Appendix 6 Appendix 6 Appendix 6A: Donation Agreement Between Vallco Property Owner, LLC and Cupertino Union School District Appendix 6B: Donation Agreement Between Vallco Property Owner, LLC and Fremont Union High School District APPENDIX 6A APPENDIX 6B 9212 Report - City of Cupertino June 2016 | Appendix 7 Appendix 7 Table 1 Summary of Development Scenarios City of Cupertino 9212 Report Without Initiative With Initiative Development Type Current Built/ Approveda Adopted General Plan (389 Units) Adopted General Plan Assuming Sand Hill Proposal (800 Units) Amended General Plan and Specific Plan (389 Units) Amended General Plan and Specific Plan (800 Units) Development Buildoutb Residential (units)21,412 23,294 23,294 23,294 23,294 Vallco 0 389 800 389 800 Senior Housing (Included in Total)0 0 40 80 160 Other Residential 21,412 22,905 22,494 22,905 22,494 Non-Residential (Allowable) Office (sq.ft.)8,916,179 11,470,005 11,470,005 11,470,005 11,470,005 Vallco 0 2,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 Other Office 8,916,179 9,470,005 9,470,005 9,470,005 9,470,005 Commercial/Retail (sq.ft.)3,632,065 4,430,982 4,430,982 4,430,982 4,430,982 Vallco 1,200,000 1,200,000 650,000 640,000 640,000 Other Retail/Commercial 2,432,065 3,230,982 3,780,982 3,790,982 3,790,982 Hotel (rooms)1,116 1,429 1,429 1,429 1,429 Vallco 148 339 339 339 339 Other Hotel 968 1,090 1,090 1,090 1,090 Net Increase in Potential Developmentc Residential (units)1,882 1,882 1,882 1,882 Market Rate (units)1,768 1,748 1,807 1,828 BMR (units)114 134 75 54 Vallco (units)389 800 389 800 Market Rate 350 720 389 800 On-Site BMR (units)d 39 80 0 0 Senior Housing (Included in Total)0 40 80 160 Other Residential (units)1,493 1,082 1,493 1,082 Market Rate (units)1,418 1,028 1,418 1,028 BMR (units)e 75 54 75 54 Non-Residential (sq.ft.)3,509,243 3,509,243 3,509,243 3,509,243 Office (sq.ft.)2,553,826 2,553,826 2,553,826 2,553,826 Vallco 2,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 Other Office 553,826 553,826 553,826 553,826 Retail/Commercial (sq.ft.)798,917 798,917 798,917 798,917 Vallco 0 (550,000) (560,000) (560,000) Other Retail/Commercial 798,917 1,348,917 1,358,917 1,358,917 Hotel (room)f 313 313 313 313 Vallco 191 191 191 191 Other Hotel 122 122 122 122 Hotel (sq.ft.)156,500 156,500 156,500 156,500 Vallco 95,500 95,500 95,500 95,500 Other Hotel 61,000 61,000 61,000 61,000 Vallco Non-Residential 2,095,500 1,545,500 1,535,500 1,535,500 a. Figures for “Current Built/Approved” are from the “Current Built” column of General Plan Table LU-1, which represents existing development and all development approved as of 12/10/14. Table LU-1 is included in the Adopted General Plan and the Initiative. b. Figures for "Development Buildout" are from the "Buildout" column in Table LU-1. c. Net increase is calculated for each scenario compared against the “Current/Built Approved" figures. d. For purposes of the assessed valuation assumptions for the fiscal analysis, 10% of total units are assumed to be affordable as Below Market Rate (BMR) units (consistent with what was proposed in the 2015 Sand Hill proposal) because the onsite provision of BMR units could reduce the assessed value for residential units. e. Assumes 5% BMR for citywide projects based on the amount of on-site affordable housing provided in 5 recent pipeline projects not including Vallco. f. Average size of a hotel room assumed to be 500 sq.ft. Source: City of Cupertino, Keyser Marston Associates, Inc. 9212 Report - City of Cupertino June 2016 | Appendix 7 Appendix 7 Table 2 Annual Sales Tax Generated from Retail Space In Constant FY 2015/16 Dollars City of Cupertino 9212 Report Without Initiative With Initiative Current Built/ Approved Adopted General Plan (389 Units) Adopted General Plan Assuming Sand Hill Proposal (800 Units) Amended General Plan and Specific Plan (389 Units) Amended General Plan and Specific Plan (800 Units) Vallcoa Retail Space at Buildout 1,200,000 sq.ft.1,200,000 sq.ft.650,000 sq.ft.640,000 sq.ft.640,000 sq.ft. Occupancy Rateb 66%92%92%92%92% Occupied Retail Space 796,500 sq.ft.1,104,000 sq.ft.598,000 sq.ft.588,800 sq.ft.588,800 sq.ft. Taxable Retail Sales per sq.ft.b, c $124 $149 $300 $300 $300 Estimated Taxable Sales $99,060,000 $164,500,000 $179,400,000 $176,640,000 $176,640,000 Increase in Taxable Sales $65,440,000 $80,340,000 $77,580,000 $77,580,000 Other Retail/Commerciala New Retail Space 798,917 sq.ft.1,348,917 sq.ft.1,358,917 sq.ft.1,358,917 sq.ft. Occupancy Rateb 92%92%92%92% Occupied Retail Space 735,004 sq.ft.1,241,004 sq.ft.1,250,204 sq.ft.1,250,204 sq.ft. Taxable Retail Sales per sq.ft.c $149 $149 $149 $149 Taxable Retail Sales $109,500,000 $184,900,000 $186,300,000 $186,300,000 Citywide Increase in Taxable Retail Sales $174,940,000 $265,240,000 $263,880,000 $263,880,000 Citywide Projected Sales Tax Revenuesd $1,750,000 $2,650,000 $2,640,000 $2,640,000 Vallco Only $650,000 $800,000 $780,000 $780,000 Note: Dollar figures rounded to the nearest thousand. Numbers may not add up precisely due to rounding. a. Does not include sales tax generated from hotels. b. Average occupancy rate for current built and approved retail based on 2014 occupancy at Vallco, projected occupancy for development scenarios assumed at 92% based on typical shopping center occupancy levels. c. Historical data on taxable retail sales was reviewed for Vallco and other establishments throughout the City. The estimates used in the analysis are based on actual performance from 2014, adjusted as necessary to appropriately reflect each retail area and scenario. Taxable sales at Vallco in 2014 were used alongside occupancy data of the mall to estimate the average retail sales per sq. ft. of occupied space. The same type of analysis was done for the areas located outside of Vallco, based on 2.4 million sq.ft. and 92% occupancy. Reported sales are adjusted to 2015 dollars. d. Projected sales tax revenues assumes City receives 1% of taxable sales, according to sales tax data. Source: City of Cupertino, MuniServices, Strategic Economics, Seifel Consulting Inc. 9212 Report - City of Cupertino June 2016 | Appendix 7 Appendix 7 Table 3 Annual Sales Tax Revenues from Business-to-Business (B-to-B) Transactions In Constant FY 2015/16 Dollars City of Cupertino 9212 Report Without Initiative With Initiative Adopted General Plan (389 Units) Adopted General Plan Assuming Sand Hill Proposal (800 Units) Amended General Plan and Specific Plan (389 Units) Amended General Plan and Specific Plan (800 Units) Office Increase in Office Space Vallco 2,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000 Other Office 553,826 553,826 553,826 553,826 Citywide 2,553,826 2,553,826 2,553,826 2,553,826 Taxable B-to-B Sales per sq.ft.a $40 $40 $40 $40 Estimated Taxable B-to-B Transactions $102,200,000 $102,200,000 $102,200,000 $102,200,000 Citywide Projected Sales Tax Revenuesb $1,020,000 $1,020,000 $1,020,000 $1,020,000 Vallco Only $800,000 $800,000 $800,000 $800,000 Note: Dollar figures rounded to the nearest thousand. Numbers may not add up precisely due to rounding. a. Based on recently reported B-to-B sales for businesses (exclusive of Apple) most likely to occupy office space and the current leasable office square footage (excluding Apple) in Cupertino, taxable B-to-B sales ranges $37 to $53 per sq.ft. for the past three fiscal years. b. Projected sales tax revenues assumes City receives 1% of taxable sales. Source: City of Cupertino, MuniServices, Seifel Consulting Inc. 9212 Report - City of Cupertino June 2016 | Appendix 7 Appendix 7 Table 4 Growth in Annual General Fund Property Tax Revenue In Constant FY 2015/16 Dollars City of Cupertino 9212 Report Without Initiative With Initiative Development Type Incremental Assessed Value per Unit/Sq.Ft./Rooma Adopted General Plan (389 Units) Adopted General Plan Assuming Sand Hill Proposal (800 Units) Amended General Plan and Specific Plan (389 Units) Amended General Plan and Specific Plan (800 Units) Estimated Incremental Assessed Value Residential Vallco Seifel - Better Market Rate $560,000 /unit 350 720 350 720 Affordable $273,000 /unit 39 80 39 80 Market Rateb $560,000 /unitc $196,000,000 $403,200,000 $196,000,000 $403,200,000 On-Site BMRd $273,000 /unit $10,647,000 $21,840,000 $10,647,000 $21,840,000 Total $206,647,000 $425,040,000 $206,647,000 $425,040,000 Other Residential Market Rateb $560,000 /unit $794,100,000 $575,700,000 $794,100,000 $575,700,000 BMRd $273,000 /unit $20,500,000 $14,700,000 $20,500,000 $14,700,000 Total $814,600,000 $590,400,000 $814,600,000 $590,400,000 Citywide Total Market Rateb $560,000 /unit $990,100,000 $978,900,000 $990,100,000 $978,900,000 BMRd $273,000 /unit $31,147,000 $36,640,000 $31,147,000 $36,540,000 Citywide Net Growth in Assessed Value $1,021,247,000 $1,015,540,000 $1,021,247,000 $1,015,440,000 Non-Residential Officee Vallco $520 /sq.ft.$1,040,000,000 $1,040,000,000 $1,040,000,000 $1,040,000,000 Other Office $520 /sq.ft.$288,000,000 $288,000,000 $288,000,000 $288,000,000 Citywide Total $1,328,000,000 $1,328,000,000 $1,328,000,000 $1,328,000,000 Commercial/Retaile Vallco - New Development $640 /sq.ft.$768,000,000 $416,000,000 $409,600,000 $409,600,000 Vallco - Existing $160 /sq.ft.$195,400,000 $195,400,000 $195,400,000 $195,400,000 Vallco - Net Increasee $480 /sq.ft.$572,600,000 $220,600,000 $214,200,000 $214,200,000 Other Retail/Commerciald $480 /sq.ft.$383,500,000 $647,500,000 $652,300,000 $652,300,000 Citywide Total $956,100,000 $868,100,000 $866,500,000 $866,500,000 Hotele Vallco $300,000 /room $57,300,000 $57,300,000 $57,300,000 $57,300,000 Other Office $300,000 /room $36,600,000 $36,600,000 $36,600,000 $36,600,000 Citywide Total $93,900,000 $93,900,000 $93,900,000 $93,900,000 Citywide Net Growth in Assessed Value $2,378,000,000 $2,290,000,000 $2,288,400,000 $2,288,400,000 Citywide Incremental Assessed Value $3,399,247,000 $3,305,540,000 $3,309,647,000 $3,303,840,000 Vallco Onlyf $1,876,547,000 $1,742,940,000 $1,518,147,000 $1,736,540,000 Estimated Incremental Property Tax Revenues to the City Citywide Annual Property Tax Revenues City's Share:5.60%$1,900,000 $1,850,000 $1,850,000 $1,850,000 Vallco Onlyf $1,050,000 $980,000 $850,000 $970,000 Note: Dollar figures rounded to the nearest hundred thousand for projected assessed values and to the nearest thousand for property tax revenues. Numbers may not add up precisely due to rounding. a. Incremental assessed value represents the increase in property value added by new development, calculated by subtracting existing land value from total development value. Non-residential values include estimated value for personal property / tenant improvements ($100 per sq.ft. of office, $50 per sq.ft. of commercial/retail, and $30,000 per hotel room). b. Assumes mid-range development at $650 per sq.ft. value, unit size of 1,200 sq.ft., 25 units per acre, and land value of $5.5 million per acre based on "City of Cupertino, Residential Below Market Rate Housing Nexus Analysis" by Keyser Marston Associates, Inc. (April 2015). c. 10% of market rate units under scenarios with Initiative are assumed to be BMR units under the scenarios with Initiative. d. Affordable unit value is assumed to be $259,000 for very low income units and $287,000 for low income units in "City of Cupertino, Residential Below Market Rate Housing Nexus Analysis" by Keyser Marston Associates, Inc. (April 2015). e. Incremental assessed value calculated based on prototype #2 (commercial/retail), prototype #4 (office), prototype #6 (hotel) from "City of Cupertino, Non-Residential Jobs-Housing Nexus Analysis" by Keyser Marston Associates, Inc. (April 2015). f. As the Adopted General Plan would allow more development to occur at Vallco than is proposed by the Initiative or was proposed by Sand Hill in 2015, the projected increase in revenues to the City's General Fund varies by scenario when compared to the Adopted General Plan. Source: City of Cupertino, Keyser Marston Associates, Inc, Seifel Consulting Inc. 9212 Report - City of Cupertino June 2016 | Appendix 7 Appendix 7 Table 5 Net Increase in Annual Transient Occupancy Tax (TOT) Revenues In Constant FY 2015/16 Dollars City of Cupertino 9212 Report Without Initiative With Initiative Assumptiona Adopted General Plan (389 Units) Adopted General Plan Assuming Sand Hill Proposal (800 Units) Amended General Plan and Specific Plan (389 Units) Amended General Plan and Specific Plan (800 Units) Hotel Number of Rooms Vallco 191 191 191 191 Other Office 122 122 122 122 Citywide Total 313 313 313 313 Occupancy Rate 80% Number of Occupied Rooms 250 250 250 250 Estimated Room Charge $215 Estimated Annual Room Revenues $19,700,000 $19,700,000 $19,700,000 $19,700,000 City's TOT Rate 12% Citywide Annual TOT Revenues $2,360,000 $2,360,000 $2,360,000 $2,360,000 Vallco Only $1,440,000 $1,440,000 $1,440,000 $1,440,000 a. Based on typical hotel occupancy and room rates in Cupertino based on TOT data. Projected TOT revenues assumes City receives 12% of taxable sales. Source: City of Cupertino, Seifel Consulting Inc. 9212 Report - City of Cupertino June 2016 | Appendix 7 Appendix 7 Table 6 Annual Taxable Sales Generated from Retail Space In Constant FY 2015/16 Dollars City of Cupertino 9212 Report Regional Shopping Centers Data Source Valley Fair Stanford S.C. Taxable Retail Sales Taxable Sales Per MuniServices dataa $482,470,000 $588,420,000 Sq.Ft. at Buildout 1,477,000 sq.ft.1,364,000 sq.ft. Occupancy Rate 92%b C Occupied Sq.Ft.1,359,000 sq.ft.1,255,000 sq.ft. Taxable Sales per Occupied Sq.Ft.$360 /sq.ft.$470 /sq.ft. Vallco Retail Assumptions for 9212 Report Vallco Sq.Ft. at Buildout Vallco Total 650,000 sq.ft. Occupancy Rate 92% Occupied Sq.Ft.598,000 sq.ft. Retail/Restaurant 70%of total retail space 419,000 sq.ft. Entertainment/Fitness 30%of total retail space 179,000 sq.ft. Taxable Retail Sales Taxable Retail Sales per Occupied Sq.Ft. Retail/Restaurant Sales mid point of Valley Fair and Stanford S.C. at 70% of total retail space $415 /sq.ft. Entertainment/Fitness Assumes lower average sales at 10% of above at 30% of total retail space $42 /sq.ft. Total Weighted average of above $303 /sq.ft. Rounded $300 /sq.ft. Taxable Retail Sales $179,400,000 a. 2014 data adjusted to constant 2015 dollars by CPI. b. Typical occupancy rate for shopping malls per Greensfelder Commercial Real Estate. Source: City of Cupertino, MuniServices, Keyser Marston Associates, Greensfelder Commercial Real Estate, Seifel Consulting Inc. 9212 Report – City of Cupertino June 2016 | Appendix 8 Appendix 8 Appendix 8A: Sand Hill Development Company The Hills at Vallco Project Description Appendix 8B: The Hills at Vallco Draft EIR Project Description Appendix 8C: Referenced General Plan Policies 
 The Hills at Vallco Project Description September 2015 APPENDIX 8A Table of Contents Page Executive Summary 1 Property History 3 Community Engagement 5 Mixed-Use Town Center 7 Community Park and Nature Preserve 11 Cupertino Schools 15 Transportation Solutions 16 Entitlements and Approvals 17 Revitalization Approvals 17 Revitalization Objectives 17 General Plan Conformance 19 South Vallco Connectivity Plan Conformance 21 Specific Plan Development 22 Revitalization Plan 23 Land Use 24 Mobility and Parking 27 Connectivity and Public Improvements 31 Utilities 34 Grading and Construction 36 Environmental Sustainability 37 Exhibits 39 Site Map 39 Site Description 40 Block Description 41 Data Table 45 Acknowledgements 48 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 1 Figure 1. The Hills at Vallco; a mixed-use town center and rooftop open space for Cupertino. The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Every community aspires to have a physical place that distills and embodies the values of its past and aspirations for its future. The Hills at Vallco is just such a place. It will create both a vibrant mixed-use town center — the social heart of Cupertino's emerging downtown — and a vast rooftop open space inspired by the natural ecology of the Cupertino foothills. The Hills at Vallco will uniquely connect landscape, buildings and infrastructure and infuse them with the best qualities of life in Cupertino. The Hills at Vallco has been designed to fulfill Cupertino's General Plan and integrate the wishes and wisdom of the community to revitalize Vallco and ensure its success for future generations. It will create spaces that nurture vibrancy and encourage relaxation. It will embrace forward thinking innovation while respecting historical stewardship. It finds a balance between a modern need for technology and eternal need for nature. By celebrating local strengths, The Hills at Vallco will attain a global reach. Sand Hill Property Company, through Vallco Property Owner, LLC, acquired and unified the fragmented 50-acre Vallco Shopping Mall site in November 2014. For the first time in its history, this consolidation allowed the rare opportunity to replace the failing, outdated, 40-year old indoor shopping mall, with a vibrant mixed-use town center and a community park and nature preserve. The property owner has selected internationally renowned design firms Rafael Viñoly Architects and OLIN Landscape Architects as master planners to ensure excellence in the visionary design of The Hills at Vallco. The Hills at Vallco will include 625,000 square feet of commercial and civic areas. The design features family friendly entertainment, retail, sports and recreation, apartments for multi- generational living including 680 market rate, 80 below market rate, and 40 senior apartments, two million square feet of office space serving incubator, startups, emerging or established Silicon Valley companies, and supporting public, residential, and office amenity areas including a high school Innovation Center and transit center. The groundbreaking publicly accessible rooftop open space — 30-acres of landscaping floating above the buildings — will comprise the largest green roof in the world and include nearly four miles of walking/jogging trails, vineyards, orchards, organic gardens, an amphitheater, children’s play areas, single level amenities pavilions, and a refuge for native fauna. The sustainability goal for the Hills at Vallco is LEED Platinum certification; globally recognized as the highest level of environmentally conscious construction. The monumental scale of the green roof will improve resource efficiency and mitigate climate change. It will reduce the urban heat island effect, improve public health, minimize water run-off, improve water and air quality, improve energy efficiency of the buildings, and promote bio-diversity. In the long run, The Hills at Vallco ambitiously targets a Net-Zero Water policy. Water conservation efforts will include the extension of the recycled water line from Sunnyvale to The Hills at Vallco, a partnership with many public stakeholders. The Hills at Vallco aligns with Cupertino’s General Plan and framework for the Vallco Shopping District. The Hills at Vallco will create a net positive impact on the already world class schools in Cupertino. It will also provide significant traffic solutions, including spearheading the rebuilding of the Wolfe Road/ Hwy. 280 bridge and interchange, the implementation of intersection and signal timing improvements, and a complimentary community shuttle for Cupertino residents. The majority of the approximately 9,175 parking spaces will be located underground to maximize the opportunities for community engagement throughout the ground level footprint. The Hills at Vallco represents a nearly $3 billion investment in the Cupertino community and the Silicon Valley region. It will produce substantial net positive impacts on the order of hundreds of millions of dollars to the City in fees, property taxes and retail sales taxes.
 2 Executive Summary The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 In the 1960s, 25 Cupertino families and property owners came together to launch the overall scheme for the 300-acre Vallco Park, whose name was constructed from the first initials of each of the primary developers: Varian Associates and the Leonard, Lester, Craft, and Orlando families. Ten years later, Vallco Shopping Mall was established as a retail component within the business park. Development plans dating from the early 1970s, document the formation of a mixed-use district, including offices and the regional shopping mall that was eventually built. Vallco Shopping Mall opened under the brand Vallco Fashion Park in September 1976. At the time of its launch, it was one of the largest shopping malls in Silicon Valley, drawing visitors from throughout the region. Vallco Shopping Mall thrived from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s. Community Pride Vallco Shopping Mall was once a source of immense community pride and identity for Cupertino – a destination with a distinct sense of place, where a diverse community of people gathered, connected, and shared a variety of experiences from shopping to skating, eating to bowling, or simply strolling. Unfortunately for the community, for many decades and for many reasons, Vallco Shopping Mall is no longer that place of pride. Challenges By the mid-1980s, Vallco Shopping Mall had begun to suffer from an inherent inability to respond to the ever-changing demands of consumers and markets. Constraining factors included: •Fragmented Vallco ownership between the mall owner and the three other property owners – Sears, Macy’s, and JC Penney’s. •An Operation and Reciprocal Easement Agreement signed onto by all four owners at the outset, which handcuffed each party from pursuing improvements without unanimous consent. •Outdated infrastructure in combination with a confusing and inefficient parking layout which began to take its toll. •Demand for mid-market mass merchandizers, such as those department stores at Vallco Shopping Mall, began not only to contract, but to plummet throughout the nation, ultimately resulting in the closure of thousands what had been anchor stores for malls. •Regional competition from Westfield’s Valley Fair and Stanford Shopping Center, other sub- regional malls, and revitalized downtowns began to shift shoppers away from Vallco Shopping Mall. Regional Competition Since the 1980s, regional competition has only increased. Two of the top performing, super- regional malls in the San Francisco Bay Area located near Vallco Shopping Mall are the Stanford Shopping Center and Westfield's Valley Fair. Today, both of them are thriving and expanding. Not only is it difficult for the flagship retailers who have become tenants at these two malls to justify an additional location at Vallco Shopping Mall, many are prohibited from doing so due to lease radius restrictions. Vallco Shopping Mall must also compete with more than a dozen other shopping districts, revitalized malls and walkable downtown neighborhoods including Palo Alto, Los Gatos, Mountain View, Los Altos, and Campbell. Failed Redevelopment Efforts Vallco Shopping Mall ownership has turned over many times since the original developers, with multiple foreclosures and a bankruptcy, staggered between efforts to redevelop the aging mall. Occupancy began to deteriorate at an accelerated rate in the 1990s. Mall tenancy continued its steady decline into the mid-2000s. 3 Property History The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 In September 2009, a Vietnamese food processing company purchased the mall. As absentee speculators, they did nothing to reinvest in the mall, and so the mall languished further. By 2014, Vallco Shopping Mall had distinguished itself as the most delinquent property tax payer in Cupertino with over $7 million in unpaid back taxes, due to increasing operating losses year over year. In 2015, occupancy had dwindled to the point where vacant and papered storefronts outnumbered active storefronts throughout the mall. A handful of mall tenants including AMC Theater, have continued to perform well even throughout Vallco Shopping Mall's leanest years. They cannot, however, be expected to support 1.2 million square feet of obsolete retail space. General Plan Vision for Revitalization of the Vallco Shopping Mall The City of Cupertino has long recognized the failures of Vallco Shopping Mall, and has spent the past several years working with the community to establish a new vision for revitalizing it. In December 2014, the City Council adopted new General Plan goals, policies and strategies specifically relating to the Vallco Shopping District Special Area, within which Vallco Shopping Mall is located. The City vision outlined a complete revitalization of Vallco Shopping Mall site into a "vibrant mixed-use town center” that is a focal point for regional visitors and the community. This new district will become a destination for shopping, dining and entertainment in the City. Unified Ownership To realize this community vision, the General Plan “requires a master developer in order to remove the obstacles to the development of a cohesive district with the highest levels of urban design.” In December 2014, after years of negotiations with multiple ownership groups, Sand Hill Property Company, who has been an integral part of the community for 20 years, was able to assemble all 50 acres of Vallco Shopping Mall - a first in the mall's 40 years history. Single ownership will finally allow the implementation of a unified vision to revitalize Vallco. The property owner is making an investment in Cupertino to both own and operate the property for multiple generations. The company has experience with numerous properties throughout Cupertino, including retail, residential, offices, and hotel. All four of these uses will be on display at Main Street Cupertino – a multi-year collaboration with the City of Cupertino and the community currently under construction on approximately 18 acres, which the property owner will continue to own and operate once completed. Within a block of this successful collaboration, the failed Vallco Shopping Mall will give way to a re-envisioned Vallco, called The Hills at Vallco.
 4 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 5 Chime In… I have the following questions or comments: n I support a revitalized Vallco with a mix of retail, housing and office n Please keep me informed Name Address City State Zip Code Phone Email I want to share my thoughts on revitalizing VallcoYES! Visit us online at VallcoVision.com or email info@vallcovision.com Figure 2. 50,000 response card invitations were sent out in March and April 2015. The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 In February 2015, the property owner initiated an unprecedented and comprehensive community engagement process with Cupertino residents encouraging them to “Chime In” on a future vision for a revitalized Vallco, also launching the website Vallco Vision to serve as a community portal for idea gathering. In March 2015, and again in April, the property owner sent 25,000 response card invitations to every home and business in Cupertino, asking community members to share their ideas and wishes for what a new Vallco could be. Throughout April, May, and June 2015, the property owner hosted more than 20 community meetings, open houses and presentations to collect community feedback. Residents shared what they liked and didn't like about the current mall, and what they wanted to see incorporated into a revitalized Vallco. They also had an opportunity to address ancillary concerns in the community. In July 2015, the property owner sent a four- page report summarizing the comments gathered to each of the 25,000 homes and business in Cupertino. The property owner expressed gratitude for the opportunity to meet personally with more than 1,000 Cupertino residents and receive more than 3,800 ideas from everyone who “Chimed In”. The property owner was encouraged by the community’s willingness to engage in dialogue and inspired by the quality of ideas expressed. The major themes revealed during the first six months of community engagement included: Offer Entertainment and Family Friendly Retail Top requests were to keep and improve upon well-loved and successful community touchstones; the AMC Theater, bowling alley, and ice rink, as well as to improve upon current fitness uses, and attract and retain more family friendly businesses. Attract New and Diverse Restaurants More than 50 restaurant recommendations were received, ranging from requests to keep a few popular establishments, to adding outdoor dining options, and hosting a farmers’ market for Cupertino. Increase Open Space The current Vallco Shopping Mall is composed of fortress type buildings with no connection to the outside. Residents strongly agreed that any new project should offer exterior landscaped gathering spaces open to the community, particularly given that this part of Cupertino is below par in overall green space. Residents wanted to keep as many existing healthy trees as possible on the perimeter of the site. Provide Traffic Solutions Traffic improvements including rebuilding and widening the Wolfe Road/Hwy. 280 interchange, a community shuttle, and improved biking and walking options to and through the revitalized shopping district were requested. Protect Cupertino's World-Class Schools Suggestions were given by the community that any revitalization contribute to making Cupertino schools even better by building educational facilities on site, by replacing outdated portable classrooms with new permanent ones, by upgrading existing school facilities, or by building a new school and/or directly funding existing programs. Create a New Town Center Many wonderful memories of the Vallco Shopping Mall when it was “the” community- gathering place during its hey-day were shared. Many observed that Cupertino has never truly had a downtown, and suggested that a revitalized Vallco would be the ideal place to create one.
 6 Community Engagement The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 7 Figure 4. Town Square West at twilight — the active heart of The Hills at Vallco in Cupertino. Figure 3. A variety of retail, dining, and entertainment venues are connected through walkable streets. The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Synthesizing the community input and the aspirations of the General Plan into a mixed-use town center vision, The Hills at Vallco is conceived around the core elements essential for creating a vibrant community life – a program that begins with the ambience of the streets and public squares, and extends throughout all venues; supporting real connections between residents, employees, businesses, students and visitors. The Hills at Vallco will elevate the quality of community life in Cupertino and beyond. It will facilitate healthy lifestyles by creating a mix of thoughtfully designed public places of various scales: intimate enclaves, broad public squares, and generous community venues that support a year-round calendar of experiences, exhibits and events. It will include the amenities of a market hall, movie theater, and recreational venues. The Hills at Vallco will provide walkable streets that allow for the serendipity of social encounters, places to sit and take in the day, settings that accommodate all of the community: families, friends, and individuals of all ages. Town Center with Heart and Soul The Hills at Vallco offers two interconnected town squares with two distinct experiences. Town Square West and Town Square East,to be the heart and soul of the town center. These are located on the west side and east side of Wolfe Road. As the active heart of public life, Town Square West will be the focal point of the retail, entertainment, and residential district, and welcome Cupertino residents, employees, and visitors to an actively programmed and flexible green space that is both civic amenity and local park. As the heart, it will activate, circulate and energize the life of the entire city. In the center of Town Square West is gently sloping lawn that will flow from the north side of the space down to the South creating a lush gathering space for relaxation and for outdoor concerts, cultural events, outdoor performances and movies. The lawn will connect to the below-grade parking garage, providing a direct visual link and path for visitors arriving by car and illuminating the garage with light and views of a rich green landscape. Surrounding the lawn, hardscape terraces shaded by large plane trees that can host large public events and festivals or serve as exterior dining or social space, will make the Town Square West a vibrant destination and community activator throughout the day and into the evening. As a quiet compliment to the active heart of Town Square West, Town Square East has been designed as a place to nourish the soul. Town Square East is a serene and contemplative green space that will serve as central focal point and a shared exterior amenity for the mixed-use retail and office district. Along the central axis of Town Square East will be a linear low flow water feature designed for use with recycled water or other seasonal non-potable sources. It will be a thin sheet of moving water framed by large canopy trees, will create a cool, quiet oasis within the town center. Surrounding this sculptural water element and formal tree geometry, informal plantings of olive trees and grasses will provide a beautiful texture and muted color palette that move in the breeze, creating a sound buffer to the noise of the city. Entertainment, Recreation and Retail Promenade The successful existing community touchstones including the AMC Theater, bowling alley, ice rink, and fitness center, will be co-located to the northwestern corner of The Hills at Vallco. Freshly designed as an integrated multilevel complex, the south facing facade of this block will be embellished with terraced gardens and dining patios looking out over the open air activities of Town Square West. Extending south from the entertainment and recreation venues to Stevens Creek Boulevard, the family friendly district will be designed as a nine-block retail promenade that makes a loop to 8 Mixed-Use Town Center The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 and from Stevens Creek Boulevard, where the new transit center and community shuttle stop will be located. Two parallel tree-lined avenues supporting this shopping loop, lined with a mixture of unique boutiques and national brand stores, will create an experience district differentiated from the surrounding shopping malls. Stores will be curated from around the country with Cupertino's lifestyle in mind. The retail promenade will have a genuine downtown atmosphere, supported by upper level residential buildings that create a unique sense of place and create scale. The retail promenade is a pedestrian-focused circulation zone that envelopes the west side ground-level retail into an iconic shopping district, providing clear wayfinding and access from the surrounding streets and parking garage. The retail promenade is designed to enhance the retail shopping experience by providing a vibrant and comfortable space for walking, sitting, eating and socializing throughout the day and evening. This circulation space will have a rich texture of paving patterns, lighting, and outdoor spaces. Large canopy trees are limbed up to enhance views to the storefronts and provide dappled light and shade along the sidewalks and seating areas. Along Stevens Creek Boulevard, glass facades of multi-level spaces will animate The Hills at Vallco with a line-up of leisure, fashion and technology flagship stores that epitomize the lifestyle of Cupertino, and identify it as a place that celebrates recreational, casual and creative activities. Market Hall The chefs, restaurants, grocery stores, markets and farms of the San Francisco Bay Area have pioneered the celebration of fresh, local and organic food, and spawned a food movement known internationally as "California Cuisine," and have linked farm to table dining, specifically to this region. The Hills at Vallco will capture this spirit by introducing Market Hall; a food hall with local, artisan offerings. Located at the eastern edge of the retail district, Market Hall will provide fresh and healthy food with broad economic access, community gardens and urban agriculture to educate the community on how to meet the basic dietary needs for active lives. Market Hall will act as a community amenity and meeting place, populated in the mornings with people stopping in for coffee and fresh baked goods or market style breakfast; at lunch by residents and the local work force for a mix of food stand offerings; and at regular intervals for regional farmers market offerings. Active Public Streets The Hills at Vallco will activate today's car- dominated streets - Stevens Creek Boulevard, Wolfe Road, and Vallco Parkway - with enhanced sidewalks, bicycle lanes, and transit facilities. Sidewalks will be designed to make walking easier and more attractive, allowing neighbors, visitors, and employees to meet and interact on their walks, and to foster economic activity, such as window shopping and sidewalk cafes. The Hills at Vallco preserves the healthy existing street trees at all edges of the site that serve as a buffer to the Portal Neighborhood residences to the West and to enhance Cupertino's urban tree cover and associated ecosystem services. The perimeter streetscapes will be enhanced to create landscapes and a comfortable pedestrian and bike-friendly realm and to provide clear, safe connections to Main Street Cupertino and other destinations in South Vallco Park Gateway. The existing site slopes gently from Stevens Creek Boulevard towards Hwy. 280 to the North. New buildings in The Hills at Vallco will step down to echo the natural topography of the site. Wolfe Road Crossing Town Square East and Town Square West are visually and physically linked by a linear garden space that spans Wolfe Road and connects the mezzanine levels of the surrounding buildings. In conjunction with the floating roof, this creates a gateway for Cupertino.
 9 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Community Scale The wavelike silhouette of the Hills at Vallco will minimize any perception of mass and bulk of the town center in response to the scale of the existing City context. Not only does the rooftop landscape blend into the existing trees around the site, but also the setbacks, street level landscape, and varying building heights will reduce the visual impact on the adjacent neighborhoods and public streets. The western edge, where the roof meets the street at Stevens Creek Boulevard thereby providing a trail head to access the public park and nature preserve, will begin at grade level, respecting the residential scale and privacy of the Portal Neighborhood. The roof will rise at the center of the site west of Wolfe Road, staying under the existing building height of the existing AMC Theater. The roof will lower down and cross Wolfe Road to unify the 30-acre open space at roof level and create a dynamic Wolfe Road gateway and entrance for Cupertino at street level while also addressing the arrival and departure from Hwy. 280. The buildings east of Wolfe Road will step up towards the east side of The Hills at Vallco along Hwy. 280 and Perimeter Road. The Stevens Creek Boulevard frontage will conform with the wide landscape easement requirement of the Heart of the City Special Area. This will create a generous pedestrian entrance plaza, provide a well located transit center, and respect the existing ash grove. 
 10 Figure 5: The wavelike shape of the rooftop open space is responding to Cupertino's community scale. The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 11 Figure 7. Vineyards, oak, meadow, and chaparral landscapes on the rooftops of The Hills at Vallco. Figure 6. Rooftop community park of The Hills at Vallco looking south towards the Cupertino foothills. The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 The landscape design for The Hills at Vallco will be based on the native ecologies of Santa Clara Valley which allows to provide a range of natural ecosystems within an urban context and be resilient to challenging climate conditions such as extended periods of drought and increasing global temperatures. The Hills at Vallco will provide approximately 30 acres of open space and landscape floating over building structures, layering on top of a vibrant, mixed-use town center that replaces the existing 50 acres of primarily impervious surface. In addition to protecting the majority of existing trees on Wolfe Road, Stevens Creek Boulevard, and the Perimeter Road landscaped buffer, The Hills at Vallco will be adding approximately 900 trees to the site which are either native or drought tolerant species. The plant palette has been selected to thrive with little or no irrigation. Small areas of planting with specific programmatic uses or historical references such as lawns and orchards will be maintained using only non-potable water sources such as municipal recycled water or on-site greywater and stormwater capture and reuse. The Hills at Vallco will be a high performance landscape and model of green infrastructure that creates a highly sustainable center for civic, social, and community life and will serve as a model of transformative twenty-first century sustainable growth. Flowing over the town center will be an approximately 30-acre community park and nature preserve. This spectacular landscape will interweave social and natural systems to create a one-of-a kind green amenity in Cupertino. The community park and nature preserve will immerse visitors in the naturally occurring oak, meadow, and chaparral landscapes of Santa Clara Valley and provide an uninterrupted visual connection to the surrounding mountain ranges of San Francisco Bay. The rooftop open space will host a diverse set of programmatic uses ranging from active public spaces for community gathering, civic engagement, public performance, cultural festival and casual dining, to quiet intimate spaces for relaxation, to a nature preserve providing habitat for local flora and fauna such as songbirds migrating along the Pacific Flyway. Vegetation from the Oak, Meadow, and Chaparral ecotones is ideally suited to the light- weight and free draining soils of a landscape over structure. The plant species that will make up the roof landscape are characterized by drought-hardy trees, woody shrubs and grass species such as Coast Live Oak, Valley Oak, California Black Oak, California Sycamore, California Buckeye, Western Redbud, Monterey Cypress, and Torrey Pine, Ceanothus, Manzanita, Needlegrass, Creeping Wild Rye and native sedges. These are plantings that thrive on summer drought and occasional winter rains. The community park and nature preserve are organized around several major spaces: Oak Grove The oak grove will be located on the western edge of the site provides at-grade public pedestrian access to the community park and nature preserve from Stevens Creek Boulevard. At this location the roof meets the street to create a convenient and accessible trail connection to the roof at ground level. This edge will be planted with large canopy trees to create an iconic gateway space and to serve as visual buffer to the adjacent private residential neighborhood. This public landscape will be a serene retreat, providing a visual respite from the City and encouraging walking and hiking amongst the native oaks and grasses of the region. Community Activities The community activities will be located in the center of the community park and provide a concentration of active programmatic uses including a large play space and garden for children, indoor and outdoor community meeting 12 Community Park and Nature Preserve The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 spaces, amenities such as a cafe and wine bar, and amphitheater and performance spaces. Adjacent to the community activities will be two areas that celebrate the region's unique cultural and historic agricultural landscapes — the vineyards and the orchards. Santa Clara Valley lies between Santa Cruz Mountains and Diablo Range which shelter the area from the cold, damp San Francisco Bay climate creating the perfect Mediterranean environment for the orchards and vineyards that emerged in the late nineteenth century. Vineyards The vineyards will provide a stunning visual form as it undulates along the slopes of the roof. This educational landscape will engage visitors with walking trails and gathering and performance spaces set within the vines. Orchards The orchards will showcase fruit trees that recall the turn of the century agricultural forms and colors of Santa Clara Valley. The orchard and vineyard will reconnect residents to the seasonal cycles of agriculture, provide educational and seasonal family friendly activities, and provide meaningful context for the role it played in the early economic and social life of Santa Clara Valley. From the first white and pink flush of flowering apricot and cherry trees to the harvesting of fruits and grapes and brilliant fall colors, these productive landscapes will become spaces of annual celebration and gathering, creating lasting memories for visitors of all ages. Nature Preserve The rooftop open space of The Hills at Vallco will be the largest public-access landscape ever built over structure and its establishment represents a unique opportunity to infuse a large natural system in an urban context for the mutual benefit and improved health of people and the environment. The large area on the eastern roof will provide a significant number of ecosystems services including improved biodiversity and habitat for migratory birds and pollinating insects, improved air quality, enhanced storm water management, reducing carbon emissions by reducing the urban heat island effect, and numerous opportunities for physical health benefits from exercise and interaction with nature. 13 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 14 Figure 8. Conceptual landscape plan for the 30-acre community park and nature preserve. The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 The property owner proposes to establish and improve quality education facilities and programs for both current students attending Cupertino K-12 schools and for new students residing in The Hills at Vallco. While state law limits fees a school district can charge to mitigate school impacts, the property owner will pay more than is required to not only protect, but improve, upon the educational successes of Cupertino Union and Fremont Union High School Districts. In collaboration with both districts, the property owner proposes a net positive impact to more than mitigate any potential impacts related to an increase in overall student population from the project, by funding and delivering the following unprecedented facilities and programs: Cupertino Union School District K-8 Educational Facilities, Programs and Funding •Ground-up construction of a new 700-student elementary school at the former site of the Nan Allen Elementary School. •Replacement of all portable/temporary classrooms at Collins Elementary School with permanent classrooms. •Improvement and expansion of school playing fields at the former Nan Allen and Collins Elementary School sites. •Creation and funding of a $1 million endowment for the 8th grade Yosemite Science Program. •Payment of the full statutory requirement “Level 1 Fee” obligation. The new school will not only accommodate new students from The Hills at Vallco, but provide classrooms for hundreds of existing students, and relieve pressure from existing schools. The property owner proposes a total education facilities and programs investment for Cupertino Union School District of approximately $20 million, roughly 10 times the amount required by Senate Bill 50. Fremont Union High School District 9-12 Facilities, Programs and Funding A new 10,000 square foot, turn-key Innovation Center at The Hills at Vallco will be delivered to Fremont Union High School District. This flexible, multi-use space will be used by district high school students to build projects together while collaborating with members of the greater community. The Innovation Center will serve as an incubator for student inventions, plans, and the seeds of bold, new ideas that are increasingly indigenous to the Silicon Valley with programs and facilities including: •Student led businesses incubator •Work-based learning initiatives hub •Robotics team competition arena •Multi-disciplinary student maker creativity brainstorming and prototyping space •Centrally located classroom for students from all five campuses within the district. •Performance space. •An exhibition space. •Charitable lease of the Innovation Center for a term of 34 years at a nominal rent of $1 per year. • Payment of the full statutory requirement “Level 1 Fee” obligation. The property owner proposes a total education facilities and programs investment for Fremont Union High School District of approximately $20 million, approximately 20 times the amount required by Senate Bill 50.
 15 Cupertino Schools The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 The multi-generational commitment of The Hills at Vallco to be a vibrant mixed-use town center and amenity for the community at large well into the future, requires forward thinking solutions to problems yet unseen, but anticipated. Therefore, the Hills at Vallco, will take proactive measures to incorporate transportation solutions for existing Cupertino residents and employees from the outset along key transportation corridors and Hwy. 280 including the following: Improve Wolfe Road/Hwy. 280 Interchange The Hills at Vallco will spearhead the widening and rebuilding of the Wolfe Road/Hwy. 280 bridge and interchange. This will include improvements to the pedestrian and bicycle connections across Hwy. 280 that connect North Vallco, where The Hamptons and Apple Campus 2 are located, with South Vallco, where The Hills of Vallco and Main Street Cupertino are located. Improve Wolfe Road Intersections A new signalized intersection is proposed along Wolfe Road between Vallco Parkway and the Hwy. 280 interchange. This intersection is intended to facilitate vehicular access to and from the east and west side of The Hills at Vallco. This intersection will improve public access to The Hills at Vallco by replacing the outdated existing on and off ramps from Wolfe Road to Perimeter Road. This intersection improvement will also modify the existing tunnel under Wolfe Road to allow east-west access for fire, emergency, and service vehicles, which does not exist today due to the low tunnel height. In addition, this new intersection will provide a new and safe bicycle and pedestrian crossing at grade across Wolfe Road to create strong walkable connections to integrate the east and west sides of the emerging downtown at South Vallco. Included as these Wolfe Road improvements, will be additional traffic signal timing upgrades between Stevens Creek Boulevard and Hwy. 280, to improve the vehicular traffic flow on Wolfe Road. Introduce a Community Shuttle The Hills at Vallco will lead a partnership with the City of Cupertino, VTA, and corporate employers to fund a complimentary community shuttle for Cupertino residents and employees, to connect numerous destinations within the community including the library, Civic Center, Memorial Park, De Anza College, one or more high schools, the Apple campuses, and more. This will improve residents’ access to key community destinations, while giving office workers exposure to businesses in the community. Establish a Multi-Modal Transit Center The Hills at Vallco will be designed with the north side of Stevens Creek Boulevard between Wolfe Road and Perimeter Road as transit center location. The complimentary community shuttle, VTA local and express buses, future Bus Rapid Transit, corporate shuttles, and sharing economy transportation services will all make regular stops at the transit center. The transit center will specifically accommodate the existing VTA’s existing Stevens Creek Boulevard bus lines 23 and 323. The Hills at Vallco will have an entrance plaza along Stevens Creek Boulevard that will accommodate pedestrian access to a curbside station. Expand Community Connectivity The Hills at Vallco will improve the quality of public spaces surrounding the site so as to enhance the pedestrian and bicycle experience and connect The Hills at Vallco with the broader community. Through an understanding of the surrounding community needs, an integrated multimodal network will be implemented that focuses on aesthetics, access, and connectivity within South Vallco Park, Apple Campus 2, and the greater Cupertino community.
 16 Transportation Solutions The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 17 Heart of the City Vallco Shopping District North Vallco Gateway South Vallco Park Gateway North Vallco Park Figure 9. Vallco Park Special Areas identified in Cupertino's General Plan. The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 The property owner is seeking from the City of Cupertino following entitlements and approvals: Legislative Approvals •Specific Plan •Conformance Zoning •Development Agreement Project Level Approvals •Development Permits •Conditional Use Permit •Vesting Tentative Map •New and Modified Easements, Air Rights and Other Related Agreements •Tree Removal Permit •Architecture and Site Approvals •Environmental Review Primary Objectives •Carry out the vision in the City’s General Plan to transform the outdated Vallco Shopping Mall into a vibrant and healthy mixed-use town center by balancing retail, employment, residential, civic and ancillary uses with a focus on providing significant open space features, views, and a gateway to Cupertino. •Revitalize this critical urban infill site with a strong and complementary mixed-use program, including retail, office, residential, civic and ancillary uses, at an intensity and density that both promotes visitor activity and interest and is able to financially support an innovative open space, transit center, and civic programs, as well as achieve a high level of sustainability. Secondary Objectives •Create an innovative and active gathering place with a vitality in design that integrates and encourages walking and cycling and that is compatible with, and complementary to, recent well-designed projects proximate to the project site. •Capitalize on the opportunity to utilize existing infrastructure in a manner which furthers local, regional and state compact and sustainable growth goals, including the extension of recycled water. •Provide sufficient local serving and destination retail uses to enable Cupertino and South Bay residents and shoppers to reduce vehicle miles travelled and associated greenhouse gas emissions. •Create an active, inviting and comfortable place for people to visit, shop, and enjoy dining and entertainment. •Provide greater residential variety and density, including additional affordable residential and life-cycle residential. •Reduce distances between residential, workplaces, retail businesses, and other entertainment amenities. •Improve local access to fresh and healthy foods by integrating more traditional food retail with the vibrancy of local farmers markets, and the heightened awareness of seasonal cycles as well as education opportunities through urban farming. •Provide adequate parking and vehicular access that meets the needs of future project visitors, employees, and residents, while encouraging the use of transit, bicycle, and other alternative modes of transportation. •Create new residential opportunities in close proximity to employment centers, public transit, shops, restaurants and entertainment uses. •Create a new regional civic gathering place that has a strong neighborhood character that is informed by and responding to the ideas, input and concerns of the local community. The property owner may supplement this list with additional approvals from appropriate local, regional, state and federal agencies. The Hills at Vallco community amenities, including community park and nature preserve, transportation improvements, education facilities and programs funding, and other benefits outlined in this Project Description are proposed to be included as part of legally binding and enforceable Development Agreement between the property owner and the City of Cupertino.
 18 Entitlements and Approvals The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 The Hills at Vallco fulfills, implements and complies with Cupertino's General Plan, the policies for the Vallco Shopping District Special Area, and the South Vallco Connectivity Plan: 1. General Plan Conformance The City of Cupertino has been working with the community over the past two years to update its General Plan - the overarching policy document that guides all future growth and development decisions made by the city. On December 4, 2014, the Cupertino City Council formally adopted an updated General Plan called “Community Vision 2040”. The Hills at Vallco follows the strategic direction set by the City of Cupertino to focus future change within Special Areas, such as the Vallco Shopping District. These Special Areas are located on Cupertino’s major mixed-use corridors with a mix of commercial, office, hotel and residential uses. At the same time, The Hills at Vallco will also protect and enhance Cupertino's neighborhoods to ensure the community’s great quality of life in these largely residential areas. Planning for changing demographics. The City needs to plan not only for existing families which form a larger percentage of our population, but also for the growing demographic of seniors and younger workers through new residential, services, shopping, entertainment and community facilities. Local and regional land use planning and collaboration. The City will take an active part in regional collaborative planning processes related to residential, transportation, sustainability, health, transportation and infrastructure financing in order to ensure local land use and transportation decisions are coordinated with regional efforts. Integrating community health into land use planning. The City will enhance and improve health of people who live and work in our community. This includes integrating land use and transportation networks to reduce reliance on auto usage and improving alternative choices for transportation by focusing growth and change in corridors that support all modes of transit, providing neighborhoods with easy access to schools, parks and neighborhood centers. Land use and economics. The City will look to diversify the City’s tax base, support and retain existing businesses, increase the vitality of aging commercial centers with redevelopment, seek to diversify shopping opportunities so that the community has the opportunity to satisfy their shopping needs within Cupertino. Urban design, form and character. The City will seek high-quality development to achieve desired physical environment in Planning Areas, including walkable, connected neighborhoods, inviting streets that allow for different modes of transportation, and vibrant and walkable special areas, and neighborhood centers in keeping with Community Vision 2040. Preservation of natural environment and hillsides. Cupertino is blessed with an abundance of natural resources, including hillsides, creek corridors, and sensitive animal and plant habitats along the foothills. Much of this land is preserved in low-intensity residential and agricultural uses or open space. As redevelopment occurs, the City will strive to preserve these natural areas through land use and building design decisions. Economic Vitality and Fiscal Stability. As Cupertino’s population grows and ages, demands on community resources will increase. In order to maintain and enhance the community’s quality of life, the City will ensure that existing businesses are encouraged to reinvest and grow in Cupertino, and that the City continues to attract new businesses and investment." 2. Vallco Shopping District Special Area Conformance As part of the "Community Vision 2040", the City Council adopted new General Plan goals, policies and strategies for Vallco Shopping District Special Area, where Vallco Shopping Mall is located. The City envisions a complete 19 General Plan Conformance The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 redevelopment of the existing Vallco site into a vibrant mixed-use “town center” that is a focal point for regional visitors and the community. This new district will become a destination for shopping, dining and entertainment in Santa Clara Valley. The Hills at Vallco fulfills, implements and complies with the Vallco Shopping District Special Area objectives and goals of the General Plan: Policy LU-19.1: Specific Plan: Create a Specific Plan prior to any development on the site that lays out the land uses, design standards and guidelines, and infrastructure improvements required. The Specific Plan will be based on the following strategies: Strategy LU-19.1.1: Master Developer. Redevelopment will require a master developer in order to remove obstacles to the development of a cohesive district with the highest levels of urban design. Strategy LU-19.1.2: Parcel Assembly. Parcel assembly and a plan for complete redevelopment of the site is required prior to adding residential and office uses. Parcelization is highly discouraged in order to preserve the site for redevelopment in the future. Strategy LU-19.1.3: Complete Redevelopment. The “town center” plan should be based on complete redevelopment of the site in order to ensure that the site can be planned to carry out the community vision. Strategy LU-19.1.4: Land Use. The following uses are allowed on the site: Retail: High-performing retail, restaurant and entertainment uses. Maintain a minimum of 600,000 square feet of retail that provide a good source of sales tax for the City. Entertainment uses may be included but shall consist of no more than 30 percent of retail uses. Hotel: Encourage a business class hotel with conference center and active uses including main entrances, lobbies, retail and restaurants on the ground floor. Residential: Allow residential on upper floors with retail and active uses on the ground floor. Encourage a mix of units for young professionals, couples and/or active seniors who like to live in an active “town center” environment. Office: Encourage high-quality office space arranged in a pedestrian-oriented street grid with active uses on the ground floor, publicly accessible streets and plazas/green space. Strategy LU-19.1.5: “Town Center” Layout. Create streets and blocks laid out using “transect planning” (appropriate street and building types for each area), which includes a discernible center and edges, public space at center, high quality public realm, and land uses appropriate to the street and building typology. Strategy LU-19.1.6: Connectivity. Provide a newly configured complete street grid hierarchy of streets, boulevards and alleys that is pedestrian-oriented, connects to existing streets, and creates walkable urban blocks for buildings and open space. It should also incorporate transit facilities, provide connections to other transit nodes and coordinate with the potential expansion of Wolfe Road bridge over Interstate 280 to continue the walkable, bike-friendly boulevard concept along Wolfe Road. The project should also contribute towards a study and improvements to a potential Interstate 280 trail along the drainage channel south of the freeway and provide pedestrian and bicycle connections from the project sites to the trail. Strategy LU-19.1.7: Existing Streets. Improve Stevens Creek Boulevard and Wolfe Road to become more bike and pedestrian-friendly with bike lanes, wide sidewalks, street trees, improved pedestrian intersections to accommodate the connections to Nineteen800 and Main Street. Strategy LU-19.1.8: Open Space. Open space in the form of a central town square on the west and east sides of the district interspersed with plazas and “greens” that create community gathering spaces, locations for public art, and event space for community events. Strategy LU-19.1.9: Building Form. Buildings should have high-quality architecture, and an 20 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 emphasis on aesthetics, human scale, and create a sense of place. Additional heights may be approved in specific areas by the City Council as part of the Community Benefits Program. Taller buildings should provide appropriate transitions to fit into the surrounding area. Strategy LU-19.1.10: Gateway Character. High- quality buildings with architecture and materials befitting the gateway character of the site. The project should provide gateway signage and treatment. Strategy LU-19.1.11: Phasing Plan. A phasing plan that lays out the timing of infrastructure, open space and land use improvements that ensures that elements desired by the community are included in early phases. Strategy LU-19.1.12: Parking. Parking in surface lots shall be located to the side or rear of buildings. Underground parking beneath buildings is preferred. Above grad structures shall not be located along major street frontages. In cases, where above-grade structures are allowed along internal street frontages, they shall be lined with retail, entries and active uses on the ground floor. All parking structures should be designed to be architecturally compatible with a high-quality “town center” environment. Strategy LU-19.1.13: Trees. Retain trees along the Interstate 280, Wolfe Road and Stevens Creek Boulevard to the extent feasible, when new development are proposed. Strategy LU-19.1.14: Neighborhood Buffers. Consider buffers such as setbacks, landscaping and/or building transitions to buffer abutting single-family residential areas from visual and noise impacts. 3. South Vallco Connectivity Plan Conformance In accordance with the General Plan, South Vallco is envisioned to become a vibrant mixed- use downtown. In order to support these changes, the Connectivity Plan calls for the City of Cupertino to work with property owners to improve connectivity within Vallco and the adjacent areas. The property owner is collaborating with the City of Cupertino and will include the plan's connectivity goals and objectives in the The Hills at Vallco: Connectivity Goal Create an efficient, safe, pleasant, well-designed and complete multi-modal network that improves aesthetics, access and internal connectivity within South Vallco. Connectivity Objectives Vehicular Circulation. Create logical, identifiable and safe automobile connections between public roadways and private parking areas throughout South Vallco. Bicycle Connectivity. Improve internal bicycle circulation throughout South Vallco through new bicycle lanes and paths, bicyclist amenities, and the potential trail along the northern boundary of the area. Pedestrian Connectivity. Enhance pedestrian walkways and pathways so they are better connected to buildings and parking areas in order to support retail uses, create a more welcoming environment and improve safety. Transit Opportunities. Work with Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA) to improve bus transit shelters and amenities, and identify opportunities to establish new Park-and-Ride locations within South Vallco. Streetscapes. Enhance he visual appeal of public and private streetscapes to create a more pleasant and inviting environment for motorists, pedestrians and bicyclists. Image and Brand. Identify a strategy to create a unified theme and brand for streetscapes throughout South Vallco, including new signage, landscaping palette, lighting, street furniture and other design elements. Reduced Traffic Impacts. Minimize traffic impacts on local neighborhoods by improving internal circulation, creating a multi-modal network to encourage bicycling and transit, fostering a “park once” atmosphere, and allowing for the efficient flow of traffic through South Vallco.
 21 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 In December 2014, the City Council directed the property owner to embark on a comprehensive community engagement process and develop a detailed project proposal and Specific Plan for consideration by the City Council. The purpose of the Specific Plan is to lay out the land uses, design standards and guidelines, and infrastructure improvements required for the revitalization of the Vallco Shopping District Special Area. This Specific Plan will be based on the land use strategies set forth in the General Plan Amendment, including the establishment of a town center for the Cupertino community, and containing a vibrant and connected mix of retail, entertainment, residential, offices, and open space. An expert planning consulting firm will assist in the development of the Specific Plan that will conform to the policies and strategies of the General Plan Amendment, adapt to and inform the planning and design approach currently being developed by the property owner's master planners, and accommodate future changes as well as maintain flexibility for evolving development strategies that will respond to market conditions over time. The Specific Plan will serve as the zoning umbrella for the Vallco Shopping District, conform to and inform master plans, and is anticipated to include, but is not limited to the following: •Land Use/Residential: The plan will define land use designations, including total number of units, densities, square footage of non- residential uses, mixed-use, and employment generating land uses. Population and job projections, and possibly student generation projections will be included. •Transportation and Parking: Description of circulation for vehicles, transit, bicycles, and pedestrians. New streets, paths and connections shall be included. Parking management strategies and transit oriented development parking ratios will be identified, based on the prior or other similar parking demand analysis and the anticipated mix of uses. •Design and Streetscape Standards: Policies and standards to promote pedestrian and bicycle-friendly design to increase pedestrian and bicyclist comfort and safety, and intended to transform the suburban, auto oriented layout of the mall. •Open Space Plan: The plan will address the provision of adequate public and private open space as an integral part of the conceptual land-use plan. •Public Services: Information about services and infrastructure needed to implement the plan, including specific policies regarding utilities, public safety, parks, schools, and cultural facilities. •Sustainability Opportunity Analysis: A detailed, long-range strategy to achieve project sustainability in the sectors of greenhouse gas emissions, energy, transportation and land use, solid waste, water, and economic development. •Technical Studies for the Specific Plan: Technical studies could include but are not limited to assessment of strategies and necessary improvements for development projects, mobility, and streetscape design such as: -Infrastructure implementation. -Financing plan and market analysis. -Alternatives analysis for floor area allocations and land uses across the Specific Plan area. -Transportation Demand Management plan/ memo, which may include a parking policy and management plan. •Community Involvement: Community engagement will continue to take place during the Specific Plan development.
 22 Specific Plan Development The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 23 Figure 10. Conceptual town center layout and strategic retail, entertainment and recreation zones. TOWN SQUARE EAST Heart of the City Main Street Cupertino Retail, Food and Beverages Market Hall and Flagship Stores Entertainment and Recreation Retail Promenade and Activated Public Streets TOWN SQUARE WEST Retail Promenade The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Mixed Land Uses The sixteen-block town center layout will provide a flexible framework that allows a vibrant mix of uses be distributed both horizontally and vertically across the sites west and east of Wolfe Road. The highest priority for the success of The Hills at Vallco is the location and distribution of the family friendly retail and entertainment, followed by the integration of complementary apartments, offices, and parking. The ground floor level across the site will have ample spaces for small, medium and large retail uses. On top of the ground floor retail will be at least one of following uses: a second retail level to provide double height spaces for flagship stores, apartments, offices, or parking. Vibrant Retail There will be multiple types and sizes of retail space to serve The Hills at Vallco located at and near the most walkable and transit connected places within the site. Stevens Creek Boulevard is a major pedestrian town center entrance. From there, the retail promenade, which connects Stevens Creek Boulevard with Town Square West, will form a walkable shopping loop. Additional retail will be located along Stevens Creek Boulevard, Town Square East, Wolfe Road and Vallco Parkway to activate the public streets with pedestrian life. Stevens Creek Boulevard Entrance Commuters, pedestrians, and bicyclists will enter The Hills at Vallco from Stevens Creek Boulevard. They will arrive at a generous entrance plaza, lined with two-story flagship retailers with prominent facades in Blocks 1, 3, and 7, all of which face and address the scale of Stevens Creek Boulevard. The entrance plaza will provide two pedestrian entry points to the retail promenade at Avenues A and B. Retail Promenade The ground floor retail promenade along Avenues A and B extending from Stevens Creek Boulevard north will be complemented above by apartments on the upper floors of Blocks 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, and 9, and will join up with the AMC Theater and additional entertainment and recreational programming at the northern edge of the Town Square West. Market Hall Block 8 will contain a signature space for various specialty and artisanal food venues. The Market Hall will activate the entrance to The Hills at Vallco at the Wolfe Road and Vallco Parkway intersection. Town Square East The group floor corners of Blocks 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 will contain a mixture of small to medium-sized retail as well as destination food and beverage venues that provide support during the day and evening to the employees and visitors of the mixed-use retail and office district. Vital Entertainment and Recreation On the north side of Town Square West, situated in Blocks 5 and 6, the primary entertainment, sports, and recreation spaces, including the AMC Theater, a bowling alley, a fitness center, and an ice rink, will be located. AMC Theater The centerpiece of the entertainment zone will be a state-of-the-art, multi-screen AMC Theater. The theater faces south onto Town Square West with a mezzanine overlooking the square that is complemented by various food and beverage venues, outdoor seating, and retail shopping. 24 Revitalization Plan The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Bowling Alley The next generation, multi-use bowling alley will be located adjacent to the AMC Theater. Ice Rink The regulation sized ice rink will be located at the northern-most position of this block, with viewing stands built alongside. Fitness Center The new fitness center will be located on the upper floors to provided direct access to rooftop community wellness activities. Active Civic Spaces The 10,000 square feet high-school Innovation Center will serve as an innovation and collaboration hub, project space, art gallery, and competition arena for robotics tournaments. About 5,000 square feet of space will be reserved for community group activities and local nonprofit organizations. The Hills at Vallco will continue to collaborate with the community to identify and create first- class civic and cultural destinations. Attractive and Integrated Residential The Hills at Vallco proposes mixed-use residential over ground floor retail. The residential residential mix promotes an inclusive town center lifestyle and will serve a range of household types and income levels inclusive of singles, couples, young families, active seniors, visiting executives, and low income households. The residential unit mix will include: Apartments with parking and residential amenities will be situated in Blocks 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, and 9. Cutting Edge Offices Two million square feet Class-A office space will provide the most up-to-date, efficient and flexible spaces for incubators or start-ups, emerging or established companies across the lifecycle of Silicon Valley companies. 75 percent of the office spaces will be located in the mixed-use retail and office district East of Wolfe Road. Blocks 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 will provide the flexibility to be connected by pedestrian bridges at the upper floors. The other 25 percent will be located West of Wolfe Road in Blocks 9 and 10. Office entrances, lobbies and some of the employee amenities will be located at ground floor in such a manner that they enhance the active use of the walkable town center streets and town squares. Signature Rooftop Amenities The community garden and nature preserve of The Hills at Vallco will contain a multitude of community-based, educational, and civic- oriented spaces to serve the citizens of Cupertino. It will also provide residential amenities required by City code, and reserved amenity spaces for office uses. The single level rooftop pavilions will serve community, residential, and office functions. The community banquet hall, with a capacity of more than 2,000 occupants, and wine garden adjacent to the vineyards will be used for large community gatherings such as weddings, fundraisers, cultural events and festivals. The rooftop amenity program will be further considered in collaboration with the local community and future users. 25 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Distributed Parking Approximately 9,175 parking spaces will be located below-grade, at grade, and in parking structures. The parking is allocated to each location as appropriate for the needs of the adjacent users and is separated where required and shared where possible. The basement levels will provide approximately 6,000 parking spaces. Basement Level 2 Basement Level 2 will have a floor to floor height of 12 feet, and will cover approximately 670,000 square feet on east of Wolfe Road to serve the offices. Basement Level 2 will be accessed from grade via ramps through basement level 1. Basement Level 1 Basement Level 1 will have a 15 foot floor to floor height. Basement Level 1 is accessed by multiple parking structure ramps from grade along Perimeter Road, Wolfe Road, and various on-site streets. At-Grade Parking Distributed around The Hills at Vallco is short term, at-grade parking along the various on-site streets for ease of access to the retail and entertainment venues. Parking Structures Residential parking will be provided in the resident only parking structures that are integrated with the apartments in Blocks 1, 2, 4, and 8. Office parking will be provided in Block 16. Efficient Central Plant A central plant will be located at the upper portion of Block 16 adjacent to the Hwy. 280. It will provide centralized heating and cooling to all blocks in the town center. Each town center block will contain mechanical support spaces in the interstitial spaces between the buildings and the green roof above. The mechanical equipment will be screened from public views by the roof structure.
 26 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 27 Figure 10. Conceptual site and parking access plan. The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 The Hills at Vallco recognizes the existing traffic conditions in the area and strategic location near Hwy. 280 and along key transportation corridors. The Hills at Vallco will incorporate following transportation strategies for Cupertino residents, employees, and visitors: Right Land Uses in the Right Place The Hills at Vallco is at the geographic center of the west side of Silicon Valley, near the intersection of two major freeways. Stevens Creek Boulevard is a key transit corridor in Santa Clara County and is served by local and limited- stop bus service at a combined rate of one bus every 5-10 minutes on weekdays to downtown San Jose and to De Anza College, with 15- minute frequency on weekends and weeknights. The stop at Stevens Creek Boulevard and Wolfe Road is served now by both local and limited- stop service and is slated by VTA to receive rapid service within the next several years and eventually, a bus rapid transit station. There is no better location for a long-needed town center for Cupertino. Locating jobs, residential, retail and education uses in a town center can significantly reduce driving distances for jobs and necessary services, particularly compared to single-use office districts east of Hwy.101. By providing a mix of retail, residential, and offices, The Hills at Vallco makes it possible to live and work on site, and increases opportunities for shorter commutes. Daily Life Within Walking Distance The Hills at Vallco is a mixed-use shop, live, work, learn, and play environment. Employees will not need to get in their cars to run errands or go to lunch. Residents will be able to shop, dine, and get groceries on foot. Even those who do drive will be able to park once and take care of several activities, significantly reducing traffic demand compared to single-use destinations. First Class Alternatives to Driving As detailed in other sections, The Hills at Vallco will offer a high level of transportation services, including shuttles, on-site bike commuter amenities, car-share, and other features, in keeping with best practices elsewhere in Silicon Valley. The intention is to create a transportation mode shift away from single-occupancy vehicles and into alternative transportation modes that will minimize traffic and congestion in the City. Information Technology In order to help motorists find the closest available parking space, transit riders find their bus or shuttle, bike commuters identify the best route, and carpoolers join together, we will use the smart information technologies, tailored to The Hills at Vallco. Transportation Demand Management The approach to transportation demand management at The Hills at Vallco is to systematically and actively remove the reasons a person has to drive, including a multitude of subsidized services for residents, workers, visitors, and the community at large. The investments in transportation options are intended to generate benefits in terms of minimizing congestion, and improving health and environment. We will actively work to reach our goals. Further, the following transportation demand management features are planned: - Bicycle Friendly Creating a safe, relaxing place to bicycle. Cyclists will have a first class ticket to ride at The Hills at Vallco. The many support services offered on-site further prove our commitment to cycling, such as repair stations, bike racks, wayfinding and other features. 28 Mobility and Parking The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 - Circulation Improvements Becoming a more multimodal city transcends the initiatives of any single neighborhood. To that end, we are invested in improving conditions for pedestrians, cyclists, and transit riders in Cupertino. - Carpool, Carshare, and Rideshare Carshare, vehicle pods, an online ridematching service, and priority parking for carpoolers at The Hills at Vallco will encourage people to share vehicles and rides. No longer will carpoolers have to worry about finding others who are interested and conveniently located. Some people will give up car ownership entirely. - Multimodal Financial Incentives The Hills at Vallco understand that the bottom line of finances often determines a person’s ability to switch to healthier, more sustainable transportation modes. The Hills at Vallco and its future tenants and employers will help with a variety of on-going financial incentives to encourage walking, biking, and riding transit. - Robust Transportation Management The transportation demand management program at The Hills at Vallco will be robust and comprehensive. It will provide free and subsidized services for residents, employees, and even the public at large. It starts with having people who can effectively generate excitement for and participation in the multitude of services available, and coordinate with other organizations in the community to multiply the effectiveness of the programs offered. Site Access The Hills at Vallco will be integrated into the surrounding existing and planned roadway, bicycle and pedestrian, and transit networks. Roadway access points along Stevens Creek Boulevard, Wolfe Road, and Vallco Parkway will be located similarly to today but will provide safe pedestrian and bicycle crossings, transit access, and will connect to thoughtful internal street grids that allow for efficient and safe circulation. The access points and internal roadway network will provide redundant routes for internal circulation to minimize the amount of traffic. Vehicular Traffic Improvements One new signalized intersection is proposed along Wolfe Road between Vallco Parkway and the Hwy. 280 interchange. This intersection is intended to facilitate bicycle, pedestrian, and vehicular access to and from the east side of the property. Transit Improvements The Hills at Vallco has been designed to embrace the intersection of Stevens Creek Boulevard and Wolfe Road as a transit center to service the proposed complimentary Cupertino community shuttle, VTA buses, corporate shuttles, sharing economy transportation services. The transit center will specifically accommodate the VTA’s existing Stevens Creek bus line 23 and 323. The Hills at Vallco will have an entrance plaza along Stevens Creek Boulevard that will accommodate pedestrian access to curbside station. The new plaza will improve the pedestrian experience to the existing curbside stop along Stevens Creek Boulevard. Given the anticipated ridership generated by The Hills at Vallco, the stop will likely qualify to be a major bus stop; the specific palette of amenities will be specified in VTA’s forthcoming (fall 2015) Transit Passenger Environment Plan. The existing bus stops along Wolfe Road near Vallco Parkway will also be upgraded with improved passenger waiting areas and pedestrian access into the site. High-quality commuter shuttle services are now offered by numerous employers in Silicon Valley in an effort to reduce the number of car trips generated by their office workers. Each shuttle has seating capacity for 50 to 70 passengers. The Hills at Vallco will also feature a transit center for the offices located near the 29 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 intersection of Vallco Parkway and Perimeter Road that will accommodate the loading or unloading of up to several shuttles at once. The location of the transit center has been selected to provide easy access to and from Hwy. 280, but also the ability to travel in all directions. Emergency Vehicular Traffic The onsite roadway network will support emergency vehicle access by providing sufficient roadway width for emergency vehicles on all interior streets, sufficient turning radii for large vehicles, adequate height clearances including in the Wolfe Road tunnel crossing, and a well- organized street network with numerous access points to the surrounding network. Parking There will be approximately 9,175 parking spaces that will be distributed between underground parking structures, surface parking, and above-grade parking structures. Parking access points are strategically located to intercept incoming cars and to facilitate efficient egress to minimize interior on-street traffic in order to prioritize pedestrians and bikes. Circulation will be provided within the underground parking to reduce unnecessary entries and exits and to minimize circling at street level. Street Parking Flexibility Similar to how other urban areas in the South Bay have adapted their use of street parking, the street parking at The Hills at Vallco will be used flexibly. Street parking space, in addition to its original use, could be adapted to provide restaurant and café seating areas, parklets, additional sidewalk amenities, or could be used for temporary events such as farmers markets and art and craft festivals. Parking Dimensions The Hills at Vallco will comply with Cupertino's zoning regulations which require uni-size parking stalls of 8’-6”x18’-0”. Other than parallel surface street parking, 90 degree parking stalls for maximum efficiency will be proposed, which will requires a 24’-0” drive aisle. Accessibility Parking Accessible parking will be provided per the American’s with Disabilities Act and the Building Code. Electric Vehicle Parking The Hills at Vallco anticipates that EV charging stations at the opening will far exceed the minimum Cupertino code requirements. Parking Guidance System The Hills at Vallco will incorporate a state-of-the- art parking guidance system that will direct vehicles to open spaces. This system will provide sensors for every parking space that provides accurate counting to a signage system and to mobile and web based technology to communicate parking count status and to direct patrons to where parking is available. This reduces the amount of circulation necessary to find a parking stall which in turn reduces emissions, and makes the visitor experience more convenient and pleasant.
 30 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Pedestrian Connectivity The Hills at Vallco will provide safe and comfortable connections for all pedestrians. Sidewalks will be continuous, accessible, and tree-lined with signalized crosswalks safely connecting the street grid. The at-grade pedestrian-friendly streets will support universal access with gentle slopes. Bulb-outs will protect pedestrians at public streets accessing the site, and the narrow streetscapes and bulb-outs within the property will provide an environment to facilitate comfortable walking. The South Vallco Connectivity Plan was used to guide the development of these features, including intersection improvements and prioritization of streetscape design for better walkability. Town Squares West and East Town Squares East and West will highlight The Hills at Vallco’s walkability and focus on community life. The streets surrounding the town squares are intended to extend the area of each town square by emphasizing the shared nature of the street, through use of different paving materials, color, height differences, or other street design features. These town squares will form the focal point for temporary street closure events. Wolfe Road Crossing Connecting Town Squares West and East will be a landscaped pedestrian bridge that will extend over Wolfe Road for a variety of activities, such as walking, jogging, and hiking. This will replace the existing heavy and enclosed bridge. Bicycle Connectivity The Hills at Vallco will prioritize access and circulation for bicyclists of all comfort levels. The existing bicycle network on Wolfe Road, Vallco Parkway, and Stevens Creek Boulevard will continue onto the site with additional bike lanes on 4th and 6th Streets. The Perimeter Road tunnel will provide a through, grade-separated route across the property, as it has in the past, but with improved functionality and environment for bicyclists. Further within the site, bicycle striping, green bike lanes, and bike boxes will continue to highlight a multimodal street network. There will be a network for everyone, from commuters who prefer the fastest route to shoppers and park visitors who want to take their time exploring the green roof and bridge. Perimeter Road Shared Use Path The existing sidewalk surrounding The Hills at Vallco will be improved and expanded into a shared use, off-street path. As envisioned in the South Vallco Connectivity Plan, the path will be separated from Perimeter Road and will support both bicyclists and pedestrians. Where existing trees beautify the streetscape, the path will split, minimizing disturbance to the trees and allowing the path to be shaded. Any trees that cannot remain along Perimeter Road will be relocated or new trees will be planted in place of trees that must be removed. The shared use path will allow for multiple connection points to future paths at the northern project border, as identified in the South Vallco Connectivity Plan. Minimizing Conflict Intersection design will ease pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicles to their destination with minimal conflict. For example, a new intersection proposed at Wolfe Road and 6th Street will provide an east-west bidirectional bike lanes along the south edge that allows bicyclists and pedestrians to cross without conflicts with southbound vehicles turning left from Wolfe to 6th and westbound vehicles turning right from 31 Connectivity and Public Improvements The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 6th to Wolfe. Along Perimeter Road, crossings will be clearly marked to facilitate connections from the shared use path into the internal street grid. Interior streets will be designed as low- speed shared streets that feature a healthy mixing of bicycle, auto, and street parking activity. Bicycle Amenities Bolstering the bicycle network will be amenities for secure, comfortable bicycling. In addition to the short term bike parking located throughout the property, cyclists will have access to bike lockers, indoor bike parking, and charging for electric bike users. Bike repair stations will also be provided a various locations in around the Hills at Vallco. Within offices, employees will have showers and changing facilities to comfortably continue the day after an active commute to work. Coordinating with retail services on site, cyclists could access a bike shop with a professional bicycle mechanic to help with maintenance needs or to purchase supplies. Programming for Walking and Biking Programming through strong transportation management will incentivize and support active transportation. Commuters who bike or walk to work will receive incentives and personalized trip planning support. Residents and employees will be able to take part in bicycle and helmet giveaway programs. For active travelers who would rather go with a group, walk and bike pool clubs could offer guided tours to work. Employees, residents, and shoppers will be able to participate in site-wide events to celebrate bicycling and walking. Together, these amenities align perfectly with many of the South Vallco Connectivity Plan objectives, including emphases on bicycle and pedestrian connectivity, streetscapes, and image and brand. Vehicle Connectivity While connectivity for pedestrians and bicyclists will be prioritized, efficient vehicle flow enables efficient travel for everyone. The Hills at Vallco will have a clear roadway hierarchy that directs most vehicles to the parking garages efficiently, reducing potential conflicts with pedestrians and bicyclists on the at-grade street network. The existing public roads of Wolfe Road, Stevens Creek Boulevard, and Vallco Parkway are designed to handle the most vehicle capacity. Connectors are second in the hierarchy with 4th St, portions of 6th St, and Perimeter Road directing vehicles towards the primary roadways. Vehicles most easily access the site from Stevens Creek Boulevard at Perimeter Road, from northbound Wolfe at 4th Street/Vallco Parkway, and from southbound Wolfe Road straight into the parking garages north of 6th Street. Vehicles that venture further into the site will encounter narrower, slower streets with greater bicycle and pedestrian activity. In general, the small block street network envisioned in the South Vallco Connectivity Plan will encourage the objective of efficient and safe multimodal circulation. 32 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Public Improvements Public Improvements to adjacent roadways include: Wolfe Road •Create an urban-style setting with logical and accessible pedestrian-scale roads. •Create logical, identifiable, and safe vehicular, pedestrian, and bicycle connections between public roadways and the parking areas throughout the South Vallco area. •Improve sidewalks along Wolfe Road from Stevens Creek Boulevard to Hwy. 280. •Restripe and color bike lanes along Wolfe Road from Stevens Creek Boulevard to Hwy. 280. •Preserve majority of mature, healthy trees along Wolfe Road while relocating and planting new trees. •Provide pedestrian-scale lighting and street furniture along Wolfe Road to encourage pedestrian access to commercial venues. •Rebuild the Perimeter Road tunnel to provide adequate height clearance to permit service vehicles, trucks, emergency vehicles, and other taller vehicles so that these necessary service activities can move across the property without crossing Wolfe Road at grade. •Build additional tunnel under Wolfe Road to improve the parking circulation, connecting the parking basements east and west of Wolfe Road. Stevens Creek Boulevard •Provide retail shopping front door entry point accessed directly from Stevens Creek Boulevard. There will be both a vehicular entry and a pedestrian-only entry with easy connections to rapid transit buses and community shuttle. •Create logical, identifiable, and safe vehicular, pedestrian, and bicycle connections between public roadways and the parking areas throughout South Vallco. •Preserve vast majority of healthy, mature trees along Stevens Creek Boulevard while relocating and planting new trees. Vallco Parkway •Create a multi-use street that allows for ground floor retail and comfortable pedestrian experience, a private shuttle stop, continuous bike lanes, and entry and exit points to the property, while accommodating traffic turning movements onto Wolfe Road. •Create a smooth transition to and from the proposed bidirectional shared-use path along Perimeter Road. •Convert the street west of Wolfe Road from a underground parking garage and basement entry into an open air, accessible ceremonial entrance to The Hills at Vallco and connecting it to Main Street Cupertino and the South Vallco Park area. 
 33 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 The property owner has analyzed both the new project needs and the greater community needs in terms of utilities and their impact on the currently available capacity. As such, The Hills at Vallco strives to have the smallest impact on the current public infrastructure by sustainably reusing, recycling, and reclaiming many of the power, water, and sanitary for reuse back into The Hills at Vallco. Storm Drain The majority of rain that falls on The Hills at Vallco will land on the green roof structure above street level. This water will be cleansed and, to the fullest extent possible, collected and reused on site for irrigation and other recycled water uses to reduce the domestic water dependency of the project. By dealing with storm water runoff in this manner the project will go above and beyond storm water cleansing and LEED requirements. This will also greatly reduce the runoff from the current conditions which is above and beyond the minimum requirements for stormwater treatment. Rain that falls on the podium area and Perimeter Road will treated and reused depending upon the location and the irrigation demand requirements. The existing public storm drain runs north down Wolfe Road and cuts through a portion of the property where the proposed development will be located. The plan for this public storm drain is to rework the drainage on Wolfe Road to flow to Vallco Parkway and then east down Vallco Parkway to the intersection with Perimeter Road. A new public storm drain will be installed in Perimeter Road located in the public utility easement for discharge into the Junipero Serra Channel owned by Santa Clara Valley Water District along Hwy. 280. All existing laterals and catch basins along The Hills at Vallco will be reconnected to the new line. Sanitary Sewer Sanitary sewer will be separated into grey water and black water, with grey water being used to the fullest extent possible for irrigation and potentially other uses as allowed by code. This will reduce the impact on the public sanitary sewer system and The Hills at Vallco's future demand. Black water treatment and reuse will be explored during the design phases given the extent of the green roof and the need to fertilize and irrigate the vegetation. The existing public sanitary sewer is owned and operated by Cupertino Sanitation District and runs north down Wolfe Road and cuts through a portion of the property where the proposed development will be located. The proposed plan for the public sanitary sewer main is to reroute the main that flows North on Wolfe Road to flow back south to Vallco Parkway and then East down Vallco Parkway to the intersection with Perimeter Road. A new public sanitary sewer will be installed in Perimeter Road located in the public utility easement around the development and reconnected to the existing sewer main that crosses Hwy. 280. All existing laterals along Vallco Parkway will be reconnected to the new line. 34 Utilities The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Domestic Water Lines Public water lines are owned and operated by California Water Service Company and mains exist down Wolfe Road from North to South, and enter into the property where the proposed development will be located. There are also public water main lines running in Perimeter road, both on the East and West. The proposed development will reroute the main line that runs down Wolfe Road and direct it all to new public main lines that surround the project in Perimeter Road. These lines will be reconnected to the main loop that runs under Hwy. 280. The Hills at Vallco will be serviced from a new public water main line installed in Perimeter Road by this project and located in an easement to the California Water Company. Fire Water Lines Cupertino and California Water Service Company have a combined fire and domestic water system. All of the work laid out in the Domestic Water Lines section will also be applicable for Fire water service, and all buildings fire water will be served off or Perimeter Road and meet Fire Code Requirements. Recycled Water Lines The property owner is collaborating and pursuing a public private partnership with the necessary agencies, California Department of Transportation, Santa Clara Valley Water District, Sunnyvale, California Water Service Company and Cupertino to provide recycled water from Sunnyvale, north of the site, across Hwy. 280. This analysis has proven that a connection to the Sunnyvale recycled water system is feasible and will continue to be pursued. The Hills at Vallco will be plumbed to accept recycled water to accommodate the public recycled water system installed in the future near the site. Gas Lines Public gas is owned and operated by Pacific Gas and Electric and these lines run underground on the east side of Wolfe Road from north to south. There are no proposed changes to these lines. The Hills at Vallco will pull public gas lines from Wolfe Road, and down Perimeter Road. Service lines for the buildings will be pulled off of this new public line. Communication Lines Public communication lines run underground on the east side of Wolfe Road from north to south, there are no proposed changes to these lines. The proposed development will pull its communications lines from Wolfe Road and serve the proposed buildings off of Perimeter Road. Electric Lines Public high voltage electric is owned and operated by Pacific Gas and Electric and these lines run underground on the east side of Wolfe Road from north to south, there are no proposed changes to these lines. The Hills at Vallco will pull public underground lines from Wolfe Road, and down Perimeter Road. Service lines for the buildings will be pulled off of this new public line. 35 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 The Hills at Vallco will create a pleasant and safe pedestrian-oriented town center by replacing the existing surface parking lots of the Vallco Shopping Mall with below-grade parking structures. Through the careful analysis of the existing grading and using the naturally occurring slope of the site, The Hills at Vallco will minimize the amount of excavation required to create the parking basement levels. Grading The site is approximately 50 acres and is bisected by Wolfe Road with a bridging structure over the top of the public road. Existing grades around the perimeter of the site range from an elevation of about 195 feet above sea level along Stevens Creek Boulevard to an elevation of about 175 feet above sea level to the north of Perimeter Road. There is also an existing tunnel at Perimeter Road that runs in the east - west direction under Wolfe Road. The site has a large concrete building that will be demolished as a part of this project that includes basements and retaining walls. The Hills at Vallco will follow the natural slope of the site, stepping down towards the north so as to minimize excavation and reworking of roads in the most efficient and cost effective manner. This will allow for smooth transitions to the public right of way, all vehicular access points, and provide easily accessible pedestrian and bicycle-friendly circulation. Parking and Excavation The Hills at Vallco will include about two-thirds of the vehicular parking below-grade. It will be located in two below-grade parking garages, one on each side of Wolfe Road. The proposed floor to floor sections for both garages are 15 feet for the first basement level and 12 feet for the second basement level, which only occurs on the east side of Wolfe Road. The basement will have a four foot thick slab. The basement level on the west side of Wolfe Road is roughly 26.3 acres and each basement level on the East side of Wolfe is roughly 15 acres. The remainder of the required parking will be located as surface street parking as well as structured parking integrated within buildings where feasible. This parking approach will create great improvements to the public realm for the community, and the creation of the parking basement will inevitably cause excavation and off-haul of soils. Demolition materials that can be recycled and reused on site will be stockpiled, including concrete from the building and asphalt and base rock. Some of the soil excavation from the project site will be used on the green roof and in landscaped areas at grade. Construction The property owner anticipates commencing construction immediately after approval and expects the completion of the first construction phase in the second half of 2018. The first construction phase is intended to include the relocation and enhancement of the existing entertainment, sports, and recreation venues serving Cupertino - AMC Theater, the bowling alley, and the ice rink. The start of the subsequent construction phases will overlap with the first phase by about six months, starting in the first half of 2018. The property owner’s construction protocol will promote emissions reduction measures, including the use of fuel efficient vehicles, and clean-burning fuels. 36 Grading and Construction The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 The property owner's environmental sustainability goal for The Hills at Vallco is to achieve LEED Platinum certification. This objective will go significantly beyond the City of Cupertino’s LEED Silver requirement for new construction. Given the scale and complexity of The Hills at Vallco, the property owner will collaborate with the Green Building Certification Institute to establish the appropriate LEED certification approach. Green Roof The core of the property owner's environmental sustainability strategy is the commitment to the world’s largest green roof, which will result in climate responsive and high performance buildings, infrastructure, and landscape. The 30 acres will improve resource efficiency and mitigate climate change, resulting in unprecedented public and private benefits: •reduced stormwater runoff •improved water quality •reduced urban heat island •improved air quality •improved thermal insulation •reduced energy consumption •reduced noise •extended life of building roof •improved carbon storage •improved bio-diversity In addition, the green roof will improve outdoor comfort and user experience. Water Conservation The property owner will explore the feasibility of a Net-Zero Water initiative with the intent to maximize water conservation and will extend the recycled water line from Sunnyvale to The Hills at Vallco. The property owner is currently pursuing a public-private partnership with Sunnyvale, Santa Clara Valley Water District, California Water Services Company and Cupertino. Conservation measures under consideration are: •Utilize the municipal recycled water supply for irrigation, cooling towers and toilet flushing, while sending greywater and blackwater to the local sewage treatment plant that supplies the recycled water, thereby closing the loop. •Collect rainwater and minimally treat to offset some of the recycled water and also meet storm water goals. •Obtain potable water for drinking, sinks and showers from the utility. This will include the monitoring of the hydrology purification advances by the utility. •Reduce water consumption through building energy efficiency, as significant water is wasted through the generation of energy. Landscape Irrigation The local climate is characterized by warm, dry summers and cool, moist winters. Average rainfall has been historically about 15 inches/ year, falling from November through March. Recent drought conditions have been accounted for in the planning and irrigation planning. The Hills at Vallco plant palette is focused on a native species mix that can adapt to fluctuations in seasonal rainfall. Efficient drip irrigation is planned for all landscape trees. After establishment, the meadows and woody shrubs on the roof will need irrigation primarily to supplement seasonal lack of rainfall and to maintain a fire-safe landscape environment. Water Sources Recycled water from the Sunnyvale Water treatment facility will be used as a primary source of landscape irrigation. Periodic testing of water chemistry, primarily for salts and chemical solutes will be necessary to monitor any 37 Environmental Sustainability The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 variations in suitability for irrigation and to support long-term plant health. The use of potable water will be avoided wherever feasible and any usage will comply with all state and local water restrictions. Additional sources of water for landscape use might include seasonal storm water capture and reuse and/or residential greywater. Water Use Efficiency The Hills at Vallco seeks to reduce the consumption of potable water. The foundation of this is the use of low flow and ultra-low flow plumbing fixtures with the goal of achieving a reduction in potable water usage below the baseline of the California Green Building Standards Code, which is already a 30 percent reduction compared to the performance of typical buildings in the United States. An optimized heating, ventilation, and air conditioning strategy will reduce water use, saving millions of gallons of water each year. Shifting cooling production from warm days to cooler nights may allow for air cooled chillers to operate with efficiency that approaches the performance of water cooled equipment while avoiding the tens of millions of gallons of annual evaporation that would come with water cooled equipment. Improved energy efficiency of The Hills at Vallco will benefit the region by avoiding water use in power plants, which consume an average of two gallons of water for each kilowatt hours of energy spent on site. Climate Responsive Design The Hills at Vallco will prioritize and integrate climate responsive design strategies that leverage the exceptional Mediterranean climate of Cupertino to improve user comfort and to reduce energy use of mechanical, electrical and information technology systems. This will result in energy and water conservation, and lower carbon emissions. A combination of the geometry of the compact town center layout, the vast green roof, high performance building envelopes, thermal mass, natural ventilation, natural daylight, and internal load reduction will accomplish these goals. Active energy design strategies, such as low energy systems, displacement ventilation, heat recovery, efficient mechanical, electrical and information technology equipment, LED lighting, load scheduling, and other strategies will complement the climate responsive design. Renewable Energy The property owner will explore strategies to maximize the use of renewable energy for the overall energy needs of The Hills at Vallco. This will include on-site and grid provided solutions. Green Building Codes and Regulations All buildings will be designed and constructed to meet or exceed the requirements of the current 2013 California Green Building Standards Code and the 2013 California Energy Code. The Hills at Vallco will use green building, high performance, and environmental sustainable strategies to meet or exceed the code required benchmarks for energy efficiency, water efficiency and carbon emission reduction.
 38 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 
 39 Site Map Figure 10. Map and areas of The Hills at Vallco sites. The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 West of Wolfe Road This site is bounded by Stevens Creek Boulevard on the south, Wolfe Road on the east, and the outside edge of Perimeter Road on the west and north (of which it is inclusive). It contains three buildings, including the primary mall building (with two anchor stores, formerly Macy’s and Sears), an automotive center, and a restaurant building, and two parking structures. 10101 Wolfe Road APNs: 316-20-080 and 316-20-081 10123 Wolfe Road APNs: 316-20-105, 316-20-106 and 316-20-107 10333 Wolfe Road APNs: 316-20-101 Site Area: 33.2 acres 
 East of Wolfe Road This site is bounded by Vallco Parkway to the south, Wolfe Road to the west, and Perimeter road to the north and east (of which it is inclusive). It contains two buildings, including the secondary mall building (with one anchor store, JC Penney’s) and one parking structure 10150 Wolfe Road APNs: 316-20-094 and 316-20-095 2074 Vallco Parkway APN: 316-20-100 Site Area: 17.6 acres
 40 Site Description The parcels that will be combined to create The Hills at Vallco currently contain the existing Vallco Shopping Mall, inclusive of its anchor stores, parking structures, and pad buildings. They are all located within the Vallco Shopping District Special Area as designated in the General Plan for Cupertino, which describes the area as a major regional and community destination, envisioned to become a new mixed- use town center and gateway for Cupertino. Note: 10333 North Wolfe Road, APN: 316-20-088 This site is owned by Wolfe Properties, LLC and is currently utilized as existing Vallco Shopping Mall parking under an Operation and Reciprocal Easement Agreement. It will not be developed, but will be available as parking for The Hills at Vallco under the agreement. It is bounded by the Wolfe Road off- ramp from southbound Hwy. 280 on the North and East, by the northernmost edge of Perimeter Road on the South, and the Portal Neighborhood on the West. The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Blocks 1 and 2 Mixed-Use Blocks 1 and 2 are connected at the upper floors across 2nd Street and face Town Square West and Stevens Creek Boulevard. They are comprised of approximately 415,000 square feet of retail, residential, and parking. Block 1 is approximately 470 feet by 205 feet, Block 2 about 555 feet by 205 feet. They house ground floor retail along the retail promenade with residential entry lobbies and ground floor amenities with 16 feet floor to floor height. Above the ground floor are three stories of approximately 130 residential apartments containing a mix of studios, one bedrooms, two bedrooms, and penthouse units. Above-grade parking is located to the rear of the residential units. There is a below grade parking structure entrance at the mid-point between Block 1 and 2 that permits retail visitors easy and quick access to the parking structure from Perimeter Road Block 3 Mixed-Use Block 3 faces Town Square West and Stevens Creek Boulevard and is comprised of approximately 160,000 square feet of retail and residential. The approximately 175 feet long by 175 feet wide block houses a ground floor of retail as part of the Retail promenade with a residential entry lobby and ground floor amenity that has a floor to floor height of 16 feet. Above the ground floor are 4 stories of approximately 75 residential apartments containing a mix of studios, one bedrooms, two bedrooms, and penthouse units with various residential amenities. Block 4 Mixed-Use Block 4 has the prominent face opposite the AMC Theater on Town Square West and is comprised of approximately 400,000 square feet of retail, residential, and parking. The approximately 335 feet long and 175 feet wide block houses ground floor retail as part of the retail promenade. Ground level residential entrance lobbies, amenities, and retail have a floor to floor height of 16 feet. Above are six stories of approximately 200 residential apartments containing a mix of studios, one bedrooms, two bedrooms, and penthouse units. Planned in this block is an above-grade structured parking to the rear of the residential units. Blocks 5 and 6 Mixed-Use Blocks 5 and 6 are connected at the upper floors across 6th Street. They are located at the northwest corner at Perimeter Road and are comprised of approximately 310,000 square feet of the most up-to-date entertainment, recreation, sports, and dining. The approximately 920 feet by 175 feet block houses the entertainment and recreation heart, including AMC Theater, bowling alley, ice rink, and fitness center. The basement parking for Blocks 5 and 6 will be accessible via Perimeter Road. Block 7 Mixed-Use Block 7 is at the corner of Vallco and Wolfe Road and is comprised of approximately 130,000 square feet of retail, residential, and amenity spaces. The approximately 175 feet by 145 feet block houses a ground floor of retail as part of the retail promenade and a residential entry lobby that has a floor to floor height of 16 feet. Above the ground floor there are four stories of residential apartments containing a mix of studios, one bedroom, two bedroom, and penthouse apartments. Approximately 70 units are planned in this block with various residential amenities such as storage, fitness, and other functions for the local residents. Block 8 Mixed-Use Block 8 is comprised of approximately 440,000 square feet of retail, 41 Block Description The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 residential, and above grade parking. The approximately 465 feet by 140 feet block houses a ground floor of retail, residential entry lobbies, and amenities that have a floor to floor height of 16 feet. Above the ground floor are six stories of residential apartments containing a mix of studios, one bedrooms, two bedrooms, and penthouse units. Approximately 235 units are planned in this block with structured parking to the rear of the residential units. Market Hall is located at the ground floor on the north side of Block 8. Block 9 Mixed-Use Block 9 has prime frontage along Wolfe Road, Vallco Parkway, and Town Square West, and is comprised of approximately 360,000 square feet of retail, residential, and offices. The approximately 495 feet by 140 feet block houses ground floor retail and commercial offices with a floor to floor height of 16 feet. Above the ground floor will be six stories of most up-to-date, efficient and flexible Class-A office space with a floor to floor height of 15 feet. Connecting through Block 9 is the pedestrian Wolfe Road crossing that takes visitors from Town Square West to the roof and to Town Square East across Block 11. Above the ground floor are 4 to 6 stories of residential apartments containing a mix of studios, one bedrooms, two bedrooms, and penthouse units. The approximate 90 units are mixed with various residential amenities. Block 10 Mixed-Use Block 10 has prime frontage along Wolfe Road and is comprised of approximately 315,000 square feet of retail and offices. The approximately 405 feet by 140 feet block houses ground floor retail and commercial offices with a floor to floor height of 16 feet. Above the ground floor will be four stories of most up-to-date Class- A office space with a floor to floor height of 15 feet. Similar to Block 12, Block 10 has two primary entry points to the below-grade parking structure. Block 11 Mixed-Use Block 11 has prime frontage along Town Square East, Wolfe Road, and Vallco Parkway and is comprised of approximately 265,000 square feet of retail and offices. The approximately 475 feet by 140 feet block houses ground floor retail and commercial offices with a floor to floor height of 16 feet. Above the ground floor will be three stories of most up-to-date, efficient and flexible Class-A office space with a floor to floor height of 15 feet. Connecting through Block 11 is the pedestrian Wolfe Road crossing that takes visitors from Town Square East to the roof and to Town Square East across Block 9. Block 11 has an entrance to the underground parking structure serving the office structures and mitigates traffic flow back onto Vallco Parkway. Block 12 Mixed-Use Block 12 has prime frontage along Town Square East and Wolfe Road and is comprised of approximately 240,000 square feet of retail and offices. The approximately 405 feet by 140 feet block houses ground floor retail and commercial offices with a floor to floor height of 16 feet. Above the ground floor will be three stories of most up-to-date, efficient, and flexible Class-A office space with a floor to floor height of 15 feet. Block 12 has two entry points to the below-grade parking structure. The first is along Perimeter Road where the decline in grade to go beneath Wolfe Road provides an easy and convenient access point to the parking basement. The at- grade parking exiting along Wolfe Road will assist in providing egress from the parking structure without congesting the Hills at Vallco with cueing vehicles. 42 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Block 13 Mixed-Use Block 13 has prime frontage along Town Square East and Vallco Parkway and is comprised of approximately 330,000 square feet of retail and offices. The approximately 375 feet by 140 feet block integrates ground floor retail and commercial offices with a floor to floor height of 16 feet. Above the ground floor will be five levels of most up-to-date Class-A office space with a floor to floor height of 15 feet that is flexible for a multitude of tenant fit-outs and different leasing configurations. Block 14 Mixed-Use Block 14 has prime frontage along Town Square East and is comprised of approximately 280,000 square feet of retail and offices. The approximately 260 feet by 140 feet block integrates ground floor retail and commercial offices with a floor to floor height of 16 feet. Above the ground floor will be five stories of most up-to-date Class-A office space with a floor to floor height of 15 feet that is flexible for a multitude of tenant fit-outs and different leasing configurations. Block 15 Mixed-Use Block 15 has frontage along Vallco Parkway and is comprised of approximately 460,000 square feet of retail and offices. This approximately 490 feet by 140 feet block integrates ground floor retail and most up-to-date Class-A offices with a floor to floor height of 16 feet. Above, there are six levels of Class-A office space with a floor to floor height of 15 feet. This block is adjacent to the transit center serving the offices. Block 16 Mixed-Use Block 16 is comprised of approximately 390,000 square feet of retail, parking, and central plant spaces. The approximately 425 feet by 140 feet block integrates ground floor retail and parking with a floor to floor height of 16 feet. Above, there are eight parking levels containing approximately 1,000 cars with a floor to floor height of 10 feet. On the top floors is the Central Plant located, which will be shielded from views from the adjacent neighborhoods.
 43 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 44 Buildings Mixed-Use Block 1 Retail, Residential, Amenities, Parking Block 2 Retail, Residential, Amenities, Parking Block 3 Retail, Residential, Amenities Block 4 Retail, Residential, Amenities, Parking Block 5 Retail, Entertainment, Recreation, Sports, Amenities Block 6 Retail, Entertainment, Recreation, Sports, Amenities Block 7 Retail, Residential, Amenities Block 8 Retail, Residential, Amenities, Parking Block 9 Retail, Residential, Office, Amenities Block 10 Retail, Office, Amenities Block 11 Retail, Office, Amenities Block 12 Retail, Office, Amenities Block 13 Retail, Office, Amenities Block 14 Retail, Office, Amenities Block 15 Retail, Office, Amenities Block 16 Retail, Parking, Amenities, Central Plant The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Site Information Site Area (acres)50.8 acres Site Net Area (acres)to be determined in collaboration with Cupertino Site Coverage (percent)to be determined in collaboration with Cupertino Total Hardscape Area (acres)to be determined in collaboration with Cupertino Total Softscape Area (acres) to be determined in collaboration with Cupertino Accessible Open Space Area (acres)30 acres Entitlements and Planning General Plan Land Use Designation Commercial, Office, Hotel, Residential Zoning Designation Specific Plan, Conformance Zoning General Plan Special Area Vallco Shopping District adjacent to Heart of the City and South Vallco Park Gateway Proposed Uses Commercial, Office, Residential, Civic, Open Space, Amenities Hours of Operation to be determined Number of Employees to be determined Parking Spaces 9,175 total per Cupertino Zoning Code Basement Parking 6,000 included in total spaces LEED Goal Platinum Cupertino requires Silver Number of Existing Trees 894 Number of Retained Trees 522 Number of Protected Trees 6 all 6 to be transplanted on site Number of Proposed Trees 1,807 including retained trees Site Grade Elevations (feet above sea level)175' - 195'following existing topography Soil Excavation/Off-Haul (cubic yards)2,200,000 Top Soil Import (cubic yards)168,000 45 Data Table The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Building Information Program Allocation Commercial and Civic Area (square feet)625,000 family friendly retail and entertainment, including restaurants, shops, AMC Theater, ice rink, bowling alley, community center, high school Innovation Center, transit center, or public amenities Market Rate Apartments Below Market Rate Apartments Senior Apartments 680 80 40 10 % studios 40 % one bedroom 10 % one bedroom + den 38 % two bedroom 2 % penthouse Office Area (square feet)2,000,000 potential for incubators, start- ups, emerging, or established Silicon Valley companies Hotel Rooms 0 148 rooms are existing in Vallco Shopping District Ancillary and Amenity Program Residential and Office Amenities Area (square feet)200,000 fitness center, conference center, cafeteria, atrium, pedestrian bridge, transit center, or rooftop amenity spaces Testing and Workshop Area (square feet)175,000 office support spaces Central Plant Area (square feet)35,000 Loading, Facility and Security Management Area (square feet) 75,000 Building Heights West of Wolfe Road Building Blocks 0’ Perimeter Road 80’ center of site 70' Wolfe Road 83' - existing AMC Theater height at Wolfe Road East of Wolfe Road Building Blocks 60’ Wolfe Road 110’ Hwy. 280 Rooftop Open Space Amenity Spaces single level pavilions in select locations 46 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 47 The Hills at Vallco | Project Description | September 2015 Owner Vallco Property Owner, LLC Architect Rafael Viñoly Architects Landscape Architect OLIN Partnership, LTD. Civil Engineer Sandis Civil Engineers Surveys Planner, Inc. Transportation Engineer ARUP North America, LTD. Parking Planner Watry Design, Inc. Masterplan Consultant Wolfgang Wagener Retail Consultant MRA International, Inc. Open Space Consultant HR&A Advisors, Inc. School Consultant SCI Consulting Economic Impact Consultant Keyser Marston Associates Connectivity Consultant Nelson Nygaard Consulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions Consultant Ramboll Environ Recycled Water Consultant Luk and Associates Structural Engineer Nabih Youssef Associates Consulting Structural Engineer DCI Engineers Mechanical Engineer ME Engineers Climate Responsive Design Consultant Transsolar Sustainability Consultant ARUP LEED Consultant Brightworks 48 Acknowledgements THE HILLS AT VALLCO DRAFT EIR PROJECT DESCRIPTION The attached Draft EIR Project Description (December 8, 2015) was a working draft by the City and its consultants for The Hills at Vallco EIR. The CEQA process (including the finalization of the EIR project description) was placed on-hold indefinitely due to the Initiative. For this reason, the attached project description is in draft form. APPENDIX 8B Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 1 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 SECTION 1.0 PROJECT INFORMATION 1.1 PROJECT LOCATION AND EXISTING DEVELOPMENT/USES The approximately 58-acre Specific Plan area consists of multiple parcels 1 and is located at the North Wolfe Road/Vallco Parkway and North Wolfe Road/Stevens Creek Boulevard intersections in the City of Cupertino. The Specific Plan area is developed with the Vallco Shopping Mall. Regional and vicinity maps of the Specific Plan area are shown on Figures 1.1-1 and 1.1-2, respectively. The western portion of the Specific Plan area, west of North Wolfe Road, is approximately 38 acres in size and bounded by Interstate 280 (I-280) to the north, North Wolfe Road to the east, Stevens Creek Boulevard to the south, and Perimeter Road to the west. The western portion of the Specific Plan area is currently developed with several buildings: a primary mall building which connects two former anchor stores (Macy’s and Sears), a fitness gym (a satellite building formerly a Sears Auto Center), a satellite restaurant building (formerly TGI Fridays), three parking structures, and surface parking lots. The eastern portion of the Specific Plan area, east of North Wolfe Road, is approximately 19 acres in size and bounded by I-280 to the north, Perimeter Road to the east, Vallco Parkway to the south, and North Wolfe Road to the west. The eastern portion of the Specific Plan area is developed with a secondary mall building with an ice skating rink, bowling alley, and one anchor store (JCPenney), mall retail shops, food court, a satellite restaurant building (Alexander’s Steakhouse), a parking structure, and surface parking lots. A 148-room hotel was recently approved on the northern portion of the eastern portion (Hyatt House Hotel2) on land owned by KCR Development (refer to Figure 1.1-3). An enclosed, pedestrian bridge connects the mall buildings on the east and west sides of North Wolfe Road. The enclosed bridge consists of retail shops on either side of an enclosed pedestrian walkway. An aerial photograph of the Specific Plan area and the surrounding land uses is shown on Figure 1.1- 3. The surrounding land uses include residential and commercial uses to the west; a freeway (I-280), hotel, residential, and office uses to the north; commercial, office, and residential mixed-uses to the east; and commercial uses to the south. 1 Assessor Parcel Numbers: 316-20-080, -081, -082, -088, -092, -094, -095, -099, -100, -101, -103, -104, -105, -105, and -107. 2 Application Nos. DP-2014-04, ASA-2014-06, U-2014-04, EXC-2014-07, TR-2014-28, TR-2014-40. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 2 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 1.2 EXISTING GENERAL PLAN AND ZONING DESIGNATIONS The City of Cupertino is organized into 21 General Plan “Planning Areas,” consisting of nine “Special Areas” and 12 “Neighborhoods.” The Vallco Shopping District Special Area is the Specific Plan area. The Vallco Shopping District Special Area is designated as Commercial/Office/Residential in the City’s Land Use Map. The Commercial/Office/Residential land use designation applies to mixed-use areas that are predominantly commercial and office uses. Supporting residential uses may be allowed to offset job growth, to better balance the citywide jobs to housing ratio, and when they are compatible with the primarily non-residential character of the area. Development, both residential and non-residential, is subject to the numerical caps and other policies in the City’s General Plan. The Vallco Shopping District is also identified as a Priority Housing Element Site (Site A2) with 389 units allocated to the site in the General Plan Housing Element. Assuming a Specific Plan for the site is adopted by May 31, 2018, pursuant to General Plan Housing Element Strategy 1, the Vallco Shopping District is allocated 1.2 million square feet of commercial uses (which consists of a minimum 600,000 square feet of retail uses, of which a maximum of 30 percent may be entertainment uses), 2.0 million square feet of office uses, 339 hotel rooms, and 389 residential dwelling units as specified in the City’s Housing Element. Pursuant to General Plan Strategy LU- 1.2.1, development allocations may be transferred between Planning Areas provided no significant environmental impacts are identified beyond those already studied in the Community Vision 2040 Final EIR (SCH# 2014032007).3 The Specific Plan area is zoned P(Regional Shopping) – Planned Development Regional Shopping north of Vallco Parkway, and P(CG) – Planned Development General Commercial south of Vallco Parkway (west of North Wolfe Road). 3 Community Vision 2040 Final EIR analyzed the development of up to 1.2 million square feet of commercial uses, 2.0 million square feet of office uses, 339 hotel rooms, and 800 residential dwelling units within the Vallco Shopping District area. There is residential allocation available in other Planning Areas which may be transferred to the Vallco Shopping District without the need to amend the General Plan. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 3 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 1.3 BACKGROUND INFORMATION In the 1960s, 25 Cupertino families and property owners came together to develop the overall scheme for the 300-acre business park known as Vallco Park. The name “Vallco” was constructed from the first initials of each of the primary developers: Varian Associates and the Leonard, Lester, Craft, and Orlando families. This included properties to the north and south of I-280 – currently both the North Vallco Park Planning Area, South Vallco Park Planning Area, and the Vallco Shopping District. Ten years later, Vallco Shopping Mall was established as an approximately 50-acre retail component within the larger 300-acre business park. Vallco Shopping Mall opened under the brand Vallco Fashion Park in September 1976. When it was opened, Vallco Fashion Park was one of the largest shopping malls in Silicon Valley, drawing visitors from throughout the region. Vallco Shopping Mall thrived from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s. By the mid-1980s, Vallco Shopping Mall had begun to suffer from the inability to respond to the changing demands of consumers and markets. Constraining factors included fragmented ownership, reciprocal real estate agreements that restricted improvements unless agreed upon by all owners, outdated infrastructure, inefficient parking layout, closure of anchor stores, and regional and sub- regional competition. Occupancy began to deteriorate at an accelerated rate in the 1990s and mall tenancy and quality of tenants continued steadily declining into the mid-2000s. In the early 1990’s the mall had tried to increase the mall occupancy by adding tenant space in the basement of the mall structure, however, by the mid 2000’s due to the undesirability of these spaces, the mall boarded off access to this area of the mall. In 2015, occupancy has dwindled to the point where vacant and papered storefronts outnumber active storefronts. A handful of mall tenants, including AMC Theater, have continued to perform well even throughout Vallco Shopping Mall’s leanest years. In December 2014, the City Council adopted new General Plan goals, policies, and strategies specifically relating to the Vallco Shopping District Special Area, within which Vallco Shopping Mall is located. The City envisions a complete redevelopment of Vallco Shopping Mall site into a “vibrant mixed-use town center” that is a focal point for regional visitors and the community.4 To realize this community vision, the General Plan “requires a master developer in order to remove the obstacles to the development of a cohesive district.”5 In December 2014, Sand Hill Property Company assembled approximately 50 acres within the Vallco Shopping District. The remaining seven acres within the Vallco Shopping District are owned by SIMEON and KCR Development. In October 2014, the City Council approved the development of a 148-room, five-story hotel on the KCR Development property.6 4 City of Cupertino. Cupertino Community Vision 2040. December 4, 2014. Page LU-54. 5 General Plan Strategy LU-19.1.1. 6 Application Nos. DP-2014-04, ASA-2014-06, U-2014-04, EXC-2014-07, TR-2014-28, TR-2014-40. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 4 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 1.4 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The proposed project consists of two components: 1) the Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan and 2) The Hills at Vallco project. These two components are described in detail below. 1.4.1 Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan [Note to City: This section to be completed pending submittal of Specific Plan, which will include assumptions for the SIMEON parcel] 1.4.2 The Hills at Vallco Project The Hills at Vallco is a redevelopment project proposed on the southern 50 acres of the Specific Plan area (hereinafter referred to as the “project site”). Development of the northern seven acres of the Specific Plan area is not proposed as part of The Hills at Vallco project.7 The Hills at Vallco project would include demolishing the existing buildings (mall, fitness gym, and restaurant buildings) and parking facilities on-site and removing the existing pattern of internal driveways and constructing a mixed-use “Town Center” with up to 650,000 square feet of commercial uses (including retail, restaurant, event, entertainment, and fitness uses),8 2.0 million square feet of office uses, and 800 residential units. The proposed office and residential uses would include additional amenity space, which is described in Section 1.4.2.1 below. In addition, approximately 40,000 square feet of civic/community space is proposed. The Hills at Vallco project includes 411 more residential units than allocated to the Vallco Shopping District area in the City’s Housing Element. However, the City’s General Plan has additional housing units available in other Planning Areas that are not allocated to specific Housing Element sites. Pursuant to General Plan Strategy LU-1.2.1, development allocations may be transferred among Planning Areas provided no significant environmental impacts are identified beyond those already studied in the Community Vision 2040 Final EIR (SCH# 2014032007). While the General Plan Housing Element allocation for the site is 389 units, the Community Vision 2040 Final EIR analyzed the development of up to 800 residential dwelling units on the site and there is adequate allocation in the General Plan to consider 411 additional units. The Hills at Vallco project would consist of a 16-block layout of buildings, two central town square plazas, and open space along a system of surface streets with the proposed land uses mixed both vertically and horizontally. For all the blocks, the ground floor level would include retail uses and the upper floors would have commercial (including entertainment), residential, and/or office uses. In Blocks 9-16, office uses would also occupy the ground floor level. A map showing the blocks and proposed uses for each block is shown on Figure 1.4-X. 7 The northern seven acres consists of two parcels, one owned by SIMEON and the other by KCR Development. A 148-room hotel (Hyatt House Hotel) was recently approved on the two-acre parcel owned by KCR Development. 8 The total 650,000 square feet of proposed commercial uses would be broken down as follows: a minimum of 420,000 square feet would be retail/restaurant uses, food establishments, and limited personal services; 180,000 square feet of which could be entertainment uses, and 50,000 square feet could be fitness uses. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 5 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 It is intended that blocks at the southwest corner of the project site (Blocks 1-4, 7, and 8) would consist of a mix of commercial and residential uses. Blocks 5 and 6 at the northwest corner of the development site are proposed for commercial uses, including entertainment and retail uses (including a movie theater, bowling alley, fitness center, and ice rink). Block 9 would consist of a mix of commercial, office, and residential uses. Blocks 10-15 would consist of a mix of commercial and office uses. Block 16 would consist of commercial uses and a Central Plant, which is discussed in detail under Utility Improvements. The proposed building heights would be within the maximum building heights identified for the Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan. Buildings on the western portion of the site, on the west side of North Wolfe Road, would be up to seven stories tall with a maximum building height of 80 feet. The green roof on the western portion of the site would be up to 92 feet above ground level, with rooftop buildings up to 102 feet above ground level. Buildings on the eastern portion of the site, on the east side of North Wolfe Road, would be up to nine stories tall with a maximum building height of 109 feet. The green roof on the eastern portion of the site would be up to 116 feet above ground, with rooftop buildings up to 131 feet above ground. The proposed building setbacks would be within the setbacks in the proposed Specific Plan. Buildings would be setback at least 35 feet from the curb on Stevens Creek Boulevard, at least 25 feet from the curb on Vallco Parkway, at least 41 feet from the predominate curb line on North Wolfe Road, and at least eight feet from the curb on Perimeter Road. The Hills at Vallco project includes common open space (including two town squares totaling approximately three acres and a 30-acre green roof) and landscaping, utility and transportation infrastructure improvements, and school improvements. The proposed land uses and these other project components are described below. A summary of the proposed project is provided in Table 1.4-1 at the end of this section. 1.4.2.1 Land Uses Commercial Uses The Hills at Vallco proposes 650,000 square feet of commercial uses on-site in the following categories: • 600,000 square feet would be retail/restaurant/event/entertainment uses, of which: − 420,000 square feet would be retail/restaurant uses including large and small retail stores, food establishments and limited personal services; and − 180,000 square feet of which could be entertainment uses such as a movie theater (AMC Theater), ice rink, and bowling alley. • 50,000 square feet of indoor fitness uses. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 6 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 Office Uses Two million square feet of “Class-A” office space, including ancillary amenity spaces consisting of fitness centers, shower and changing facilities for employees, a conference/event center, and cafeterias, is proposed on-site. There would be an additional 345,000 square foot office amenity space including: • A 20,000 square foot conference hall on the green roof, • A 15,000 square foot cafeteria/fitness center on the green roof, • 175,000 square feet of testing and workshop area distributed throughout Blocks 11-16, and • 135,000 square feet of meeting facilities, atrium, and other amenity spaces distributed throughout Blocks 11-16. Residential Uses The Hills at Vallco would include 800 residential units consisting of 680 market-rate apartments, 80 below-market rate apartments, and 40 market-rate senior apartments. The residential uses would include in-building amenities such as fitness, clubhouse, small format meeting rooms, resident lounges, multi-media rooms, communal kitchens, and bike rooms within the residential mixed use building. An additional 25,000 square feet of ancillary amenity space for the residential uses is proposed on the green roof and would include a fitness center, clubhouse, and pool. Other Uses Civic/Community Uses The Hills at Vallco would include approximately 40,000 square feet of civic/community uses including an approximately 20,000 square foot community serving banquet hall on the green roof, an approximately 10,000 square foot high school “Innovation Center” located on the western portion of the site, approximately 5,000 square feet of civic meeting space located on the western portion of the site, and an approximately 5,000 square foot building for the “Multi-Modal Transit Center.” The high school Innovation Center is described in more detail in Section 1.4.2.6 and the Multi-Modal Transit Center is described in more detail in Section 1.4.2.5. Loading and Facility Management Uses The Hills at Vallco would include approximately 75,000 square feet of loading, storage, facility, and security management space integrated into each block to serve the retail, office, and residential uses on-site. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 7 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 1.4.2.2 Common Open Spaces and Landscaping Town Squares The Hills at Vallco would include two town squares: Town Square West on the west side of North Wolfe Road and Town Square East on the east side of North Wolfe Road (refer to Figure 1.4-X). Town Square West would be approximately 1.8 acres in size and Town Square East would be approximately 1.1 acres in size. Both town squares would be programmable green space that would act as a civic/community amenity and park. Town Square West would be designed with a lawn, enhanced hardscape, landscaping (including trees), and seating that would create a gathering space for outdoor events such as concerts, cultural events, outdoor performances, and movies. These areas would be surrounded by hardscape that could also host events and festivals or serve as exterior dining or social space. The applicant proposes to have the flexibility to close some of the streets around the Town Square West to host events and festivals. Town Square East would be an open green space area that would serve as an amenity for the surrounding retail and office blocks. Town Square East would include public open space features such as a water feature, landscaping (including trees), and seating. Direct pedestrian access to the below-ground parking garages would be provided from both town squares. Green Roof The Hills at Vallco project would include a 30-acre green roof. The topography of the green roof would vary and expand over the tops of the buildings on-site, and would eventually come to existing grade at the western boundary of the site at Stevens Creek Boulevard. The green roof would include landscaping and active and passive open spaces. The rooftop landscaping would consist of native and/or drought tolerant species such as native oak trees, manzanita, needlegrass, and native sedges. Not all areas of the green roof would be accessible to the public. The proposed green roof would consist of the following five open space areas: 1. Oak Grove – The oak grove would be located on the western edge of the site and would provide at-grade public pedestrian access to the green roof from Stevens Creek Boulevard. This edge would be planted with canopy trees that would serve as a visual buffer to the adjacent residential neighborhood. 2. Community Activities – The community activities would be located in the center of the green roof and include active programmatic uses including a large play space and garden for children, community meeting spaces, and amphitheater and performance spaces. Amenities such as a café and wine bar may also be located within this area. 3. Vineyards – The vineyards would be located in the northeastern portion of the roof and would include trails, as well as gathering and performance spaces. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 8 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 4. Orchards – The orchards would include fruit trees and be located on the roof at the northwest corner of Stevens Creek Boulevard and Wolfe Road. It is envisioned that the orchards, together with the vineyards, would provide the community with agricultural-related educational and seasonal activities. 5. Nature Preserve – The nature preserve would be located on the eastern and western portions of the roof. The nature preserve would include open areas, landscaping, and trails, as well as stormwater treatment control measures. The green roof would include nine pavilions totaling approximately 115,000 square feet at various locations on the roof (see Figure 1.4-X). These pavilions would serve a variety of purposes and would be for community use, retail use, residential use, or office use. Much of the green roof would be accessible to the general public. Some areas, however, would be limited to the residents and office employees. The building square footages on the green roof would be allocated as follows: • A total of 35,000 square feet for commercial uses (i.e., 5,000 square foot wine tasting area, 20,000 square feet of retail pavilions, and a 10,000 square foot fitness area); • 35,000 square feet for office uses (20,000 square foot conference hall and 15,000 cafeteria/fitness area); and • 25,000 square feet for residential uses (e.g., fitness center, clubhouse, and pool) • 20,000 square feet for a civic/community banquet hall. The proposed open space areas and amenities on the green roof are shown on Figure 1.4-X. Landscaping Most of the landscaping on-site would be on the green roof, with additional landscaping in the town squares and along the perimeter of the site and internal streets. The Hills at Vallco project would preserve over 500 existing trees on-site and plant approximately 900 new trees on-site. The landscaping and trees on-site would be irrigated with non-potable water from sources such as municipal recycled water or on-site greywater and stormwater capture. Conceptual landscape plans are shown on Figures 1.4-X – X. 1.4.2.3 Site Access, Circulation, and Parking Vehicular Access and Parking As shown on Figure 1.4-X, vehicles would access the site from driveways on Stevens Creek Boulevard, Perimeter Road, Vallco Parkway, and North Wolfe Road. The Hills at Vallco would be designed with a grid street pattern within the site, with Avenues A through D running north to south and 1st through 7th Streets running east to west. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 9 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 The Hills at Vallco would provide parking in accordance with the City’s Municipal Code parking regulations outlined in Municipal Code Chapter 19.124. It is estimated that the project would include a total of approximately 9,175 parking spaces, which would be provided in a below-ground parking structure, on-street, and above-ground parking structures with a parking guidance system that would direct vehicles to available parking spaces. Access to the parking facilities would be provided from North Wolfe Road, Perimeter Road, and proposed internal streets, as shown on Figure 1.4-X. Below-Ground Parking Structures Parking for the proposed commercial uses, as well as some residential and office uses, would be provided in two large underground parking garages connected by a tunnel. The underground parking garages would be located under the entire project site and would include approximately 6,580 parking spaces. The below-ground parking garage on the west side of North Wolfe Road would be one level and the below-ground parking garage on the east side of North Wolfe Road would be two levels. A new tunnel under North Wolfe Road would be constructed to allow vehicular circulation between two below-ground parking garages. On-Street Parking and Above-Ground Parking Structures The remaining 2,595 parking spaces would be provided on streets within the project site and in above-ground parking structures. The on-street parking on-site is proposed to be short-term parking. Long-term parking for the proposed residential and office uses would be provided in designated parking structures that would be integrated into the blocks where the uses are proposed (Blocks 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16). The parking facilities on-site are shown on Figures 1.4-X – X. Transit Access The proposed transit circulation for The Hills at Vallco is shown on Figure 1.4-X. As part of The Hills at Vallco, the existing VTA bus stops on Stevens Creek Boulevard, Wolfe Road, and Vallco Parkway would be improved by providing duck-outs and enhanced bus shelters per VTA recommendations and lengthening the stops where necessary to accommodate multiple buses at one time. It is intended that the existing bus stop on the north side of Stevens Creek Boulevard between Wolfe Road and Perimeter Road would function as part of the proposed “Multi-Modal Transit Center” where the proposed community shuttle (described below under Infrastructure Improvements), VTA buses (specifically bus route 23 and 323), future Bus Rapid Transit, corporate shuttles, and sharing economy transportation services (e.g., rideshare, bikeshare, and Zipcar) would stop. It is envisioned that the Multi-Modal Transit Center would be an information center, drop-off point, bike sharing distribution point, and stop for the community shuttle and other forms public transit. In addition, The Hills at Vallco would include dedicated curbside areas for commuter shuttles and a complementary community shuttle (in coordination and partnership with the City, VTA, and corporate employers) near the intersection of Vallco Parkway and Perimeter Road. The proposed Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 10 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 transportation infrastructure improvements are described in more detail below in Section 1.4.2.5 below. Bicycle Access The proposed bicycle facilities on-site are shown on Figure 1.4-X. Bicycle facilities, including bike trails and Class I-III bikeways, would follow the proposed street grid pattern. The proposed bicycle facilities on-site would connect to the existing bikeways on North Wolfe Road, Vallco Parkway, and Stevens Creek Boulevard. Within the project site, bike improvements such as bike lanes painted green, bike lane sharing arrows (sharrows), and bike boxes are proposed.9 A shared use path for bicyclists and pedestrians is proposed on Perimeter Road. Short-term bicycle parking racks would be provided in areas accessible to the public and other users of the site. In addition, bicycle lockers, indoor bicycle parking, and charging areas for electric bicycles would be provided throughout the project site. Bicycle repair stations, which would include tools necessary to perform basic bike repairs and maintenance such as bike pumps and work stands, are also proposed throughout the site. Within the proposed mixed-use office buildings, showers and changing facilities for office employees would be provided. A bike hub is proposed on the western portion of the project site and would include community space, bike repair services, and retail services operated by a third party vender. Pedestrian Access The proposed pedestrian facilities on-site are shown on Figure 1.4-X. All pedestrian connections and facilities would meet Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) accessibility standards. Pedestrian sidewalks would follow the proposed street grid pattern. To accommodate the proposed bicycle lanes and designated commuter shuttle curbside stop areas on Perimeter Road, the sidewalks on the opposite side of the development site on Perimeter Road would be reconfigured. The Hills at Vallco project includes replacing the existing enclosed bridge over North Wolfe Road with a pedestrian bridge that would connect the town squares East and West (refer to Figure 1.4-X). Pedestrians would be able to access the proposed green roof from the town squares, at the intersection of Perimeter Road and Stevens Creek Boulevard, and near the intersection of North Wolfe Road and Vallco Parkway. Figure 1.4-X shows the pedestrian access points to the green roof, as well as the meandering pedestrian pathways on the roof. In addition, the proposed green roof would also connect across North Wolfe Road above the pedestrian bridge. The project also would include pedestrian connections to the two properties north of Perimeter Road (the SIMEON property and the KCR Development/Hyatt House property) and the future I-280 trail. 9 A bike box is a designated area at the head of a traffic lane at a signalized intersection that provides bicyclists with a safer and more visible way to get in front of queuing traffic during the red signal phase. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 11 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 Transportation Demand Management Program The Hills at Vallco includes a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) program to encourage alternative modes of transportation to single-occupancy vehicle trips. Specifically, the TDM program may include trip reduction features such as: • Carpool, carshare, and rideshare; • Complementary community shuttle in coordination and partnership with the City, VTA, and corporate employers; • Bicycle repair stations, hub, parking, and wayfinding features on-site; • Shower and changing facilities for office employees on-site; • A Multi-Modal Transit Center on-site that supports carpool, carshare, and rideshare programs; • Electric vehicle parking on-site; and • Financial incentives for future tenants and employees to walk, bicycle, or take transit. 1.4.2.4 Utility Improvements Central Plant The Hills at Vallco includes a “Central Plant” at the northern portion of Block 16, adjacent to I-280. The Central Plant would provide centralized heating and cooling to the project. The Central Plant would consist of a 10,000 ton condenser water system which would serve as a heat sink/source for individual water cooled HVAC systems throughout the development. In addition, a 16,000 ton per hour ice plant would be used for off hour thermal storage. The Central Plant would contain cooling towers in the upper stories of the parking structure on the northeast corner of the project site. The Central Plant would house conventional cooling and heating equipment including a boiler plant, a pump house, and switchgear. The heat pumped water for heating and cooling of the buildings on-site would be distributed throughout the site from the Central Plant via piping installed in the below-ground parking area. Emergency Back-Up Generators The project includes back-up generators to power the site in the event of a power outage. It is anticipated that the project would include 20 back-up building generators and two back-up parking garage generators. Storm Drain Currently, there is an existing storm drain line that runs north down North Wolfe Road and cuts through a portion of the project site. The Hills at Vallco would redirect the existing stormwater drainage on North Wolfe Road to flow to Vallco Parkway (instead of through the project site) and then east down Vallco Parkway to the intersection with Perimeter Road. A new public storm drain is proposed to be installed in Perimeter Road in the public utility easement for discharge into the Santa Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 12 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 Clara Valley Water District Junipero Serra Channel located along I-280. All existing laterals and catch basins at the project site are proposed to be reconnected to this new line. Figure 1.4-X shows the existing and proposed storm drain system serving the project site. Sanitary Sewer Currently, there is an existing sewer main that runs north on North Wolfe Road and cuts through a portion of the project site. The Hills at Vallco would reroute the main that flows north in North Wolfe Road to flow to Vallco Parkway to the intersection with Perimeter Road. A new sewer main is proposed in Perimeter Road within the public utility easement. The new pipe in Perimeter Road would be connected to a pipe system that crosses I-280. All existing laterals in Vallco Parkway are proposed to be reconnected to the new sewer main in Perimeter Road. The existing pipe that crosses I-280 is not of sufficient size to serve the proposed development. The existing sewer main line would need to be upsized, or a parallel pipe system would need to be installed, in order to provide adequate sewer for the development and other properties currently served by the main. Upsized (or parallel line) would need to extend from Perimeter Road, across I- 280, north on North Wolfe Road to the intersection of Pruneridge Ave. Sizing and extent of improvements are dictated by the Cupertino Sanitary District’s sewer model. Figure 1.4-X shows the existing and proposed options (upsizing and parallel line) for sewer service for the project site. Water Currently, there is an existing water main that runs north to south in North Wolfe Road and enters the project site. The Hills at Vallco would reroute the main line that runs down North Wolfe Road and direct it to new main lines in Perimeter Road. These new main lines would be reconnected to the water main in I-280. All building fire water is proposed to be served by the new water mains in Perimeter Road. Figure 1.4-X shows the existing and proposed water lines serving the project site. Recycled Water Recycled water infrastructure is currently being extended to serve the planned Apple Campus 2 and Hamptons Apartments project north of the project site. The project includes the extension of the recycled water infrastructure approximately 0.8 miles from Pruneridge Avenue, under I-280 to the project site. Recycled water would be used on-site for irrigation and heating and cooling systems. Other The Hills at Vallco would connect to existing underground gas lines, communication lines, and electric lines in the project area. [Note to Applicant: Are any PG&E upgrades required?] Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 13 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 1.4.2.5 Transportation Improvements Roadway/Vehicular Circulation Improvements The Hills at Vallco includes a new signalized intersection on North Wolfe Road between Vallco Parkway and the I-280 interchange to allow for left turns into the eastern portion of the project from southbound North Wolfe Road. This intersection would replace the existing on and off ramps from North Wolfe Road to Perimeter Road and would include bicycle and pedestrian crossings at grade across North Wolfe Road. Adaptive traffic signal management improvements (i.e., traffic signal timing upgrades) would also be completed between Stevens Creek Boulevard and I-280 to improve vehicular traffic flow on North Wolfe Road. The Hills at Vallco would modify the existing Perimeter Road tunnel to provide adequate height clearance for service vehicles, trucks, and emergency vehicles and to build an additional tunnel under North Wolfe Road to connect the parking basements on the east and west sides of North Wolfe Road. Transit Improvements The project proponent proposes to coordinate and partner with the City, VTA, and corporate employers to fund a complimentary community shuttle for Cupertino residents and employees with stops at key locations within the City including, but not limited to, the library, Civic Center, Memorial Park, De Anza College, local high school(s), and Apple Campus 2. The Hills at Vallco includes the improvement of the existing VTA bus stops on Stevens Creek Boulevard, North Wolfe Road, and Vallco Parkway by constructing bus duck-outs and enhanced bus shelters per VTA recommendations and lengthening the stops where necessary to accommodate multiple buses at one time. The Hills at Vallco would establish a “Multi-Modal Transit Center” where the existing bus stop is currently located on the north side of Stevens Creek Boulevard between North Wolfe Road and Perimeter Road. The Multi-Modal Transit Center would include an approximately 5,000 square foot building, seating areas, information kiosks, and state of the art real- time transit information. A pedestrian entrance plaza to the Transit Center would be located on Stevens Creek Boulevard. Dedicated curbside areas for commuter shuttles near the intersection of Vallco Parkway and Perimeter Road are also proposed. The dedicated curbside areas would be large enough for several commuter shuttles to load/unload at one time. Bicycle and Pedestrian Improvements To facilitate bicycle and pedestrian movement, the Hills at Vallco would restripe and color bicycle lanes on North Wolfe Road from Stevens Creek Boulevard to I-280 where appropriate as determined by the City; improve sidewalks along North Wolfe Road from Stevens Creek Boulevard to I-280 by installing pedestrian-scale lighting and street furniture; and replace the existing, enclosed bridge over North Wolfe Road with an open pedestrian bridge. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 14 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 1.4.2.6 School Improvements Cupertino Union School District The Hills at Vallco project includes an education facilities and programs investment for Cupertino Union School District consisting of the following: • Construction of a new 700-student elementary school at the former site of the Nan Allan Elementary School located at 10255 North Portal Avenue in Cupertino; • Replacement of all portable/temporary classrooms at Collins Elementary School located at 10300 North Blaney Avenue with permanent classrooms; • Improvement of school playing fields at the former Nan Allan Elementary School and Collins Elementary School; • Creation and funding of a $1 million endowment for the 8th grade Yosemite Science Program; and • Payment of the required school impact fee pursuant to California Government Code Section 65996. A conceptual site plan of the improvements at Collins Elementary School and the former Nan Allan Elementary School is shown on Figure 1.4-X. Fremont Union High School District The Hills at Vallco project includes an education facilities and programs investment for Fremont Union High School District that includes a new 10,000 square foot, turn-key “Innovation Center” at the development site. The Innovation Center would be a flexible, multi-use space that would be leased to the Fremont Union High School for high school students to build projects in collaboration with the community.10 The Innovation Center is envisioned to serve as: • Student-led business incubator; • Work-based learning initiatives hub; • Robotics team competition arena; • Multi-disciplinary brainstorming and prototyping space; • Centrally-located classroom for students from all five high school campuses within the school district; • Performance space; and • Exhibition space. In addition, the project would pay the required school impact fee pursuant to California Government Code Section 65996. 10 The project would lease the Innovation Center to the Fremont Union High School District for a term of 34 years at for $1 per year. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 15 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 1.4.2.7 Green Building Measures The Hills at Vallco is proposed to be designed and constructed to meet or exceed the requirements of the current 2013 California Green Building Standards Code and the 2013 California Energy Code. It is proposed that The Hills at Vallco achieve LEED Platinum certification. The Hills at Vallco would achieve LEED Platinum by incorporating green building measures including, but not limited to: • Constructing a 30-acre green roof; • Incorporating water conservation measures (e.g., utilizing municipal recycled water for landscape irrigation, cooling towers, and toilet flushing; collecting rainwater for irrigation; utilizing drip irrigation for all landscape trees; and installing low-flow and ultra-low flow plumbing fixtures); • Designing the buildings to utilize natural ventilation and daylight; • Implementing energy design strategies such as low energy systems, displacement ventilation, LED lighting, load scheduling, and others; and • Installing on-site photovoltaic systems. 1.4.2.8 Construction It is anticipated that the project would be constructed over five years, commencing in 2017 and concluding in 2022. Staging of construction equipment and vehicles would primarily be on-site with some staging within the public right-of-way for the improvement/construction of the tunnels under North Wolfe Road and the bridge over North Wolfe Road. Details about the construction phasing, demolition, grading, and excavation are provided below. Phasing According to the applicant, the demolition of Vallco Shopping Mall and construction of The Hills at Vallco would be phased as follows: • Phase 1 – The demolition and construction activities would start at the northwestern portion of the development site, in the location of the former Macy’s and Macy’s parking structure. Demolition and construction would occur concurrently on the east side of North Wolfe Road where JCPenney and parking areas are located. • Phase 2 – Once Blocks 5 and 6 are constructed on the northwest portion of the site, the existing movie theaters (AMC Theater), bowling alley, fitness center, and ice rink would be relocated to the newly constructed mixed-use buildings on these blocks. The construction is planned to be phased this way to minimize disruption in operation for these businesses. Once the movie theaters, bowling alley, fitness center and ice rink are relocated, demolition and construction would continue south towards Stevens Creek Boulevard and on the remaining areas on the east side of North Wolfe Road. The applicant intends to construct the proposed residential mixed-use blocks (Blocks 1-9) in the final phase of the project. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 16 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 Demolition, Grading, and Excavation The Hills at Vallco would require demolition of the existing improvements on-site including the large shopping mall that includes basements and retaining walls. Demolition materials including concrete, asphalt, and base rock may be recycled and reused on-site. A concrete crusher would be used on-site and located on the eastern portion of the project site, east of North Wolfe Road. The site elevations would generally follow the existing topography of the site in order to minimize grading, excavation, and reworking of the existing roads. The Hills at Vallco would include two large below-ground parking garages. The maximum depth of excavation for the below-ground parking garage on the west side of North Wolfe Road would be approximately 20 feet and approximately 31 feet for the below-ground parking garage on the east side of North Wolfe Road. It is anticipated that approximately 2.2 million cubic yards of soil would be excavated for the proposed below-ground garages and most of the excavated soil would be hauled off-site. The applicant anticipates that the soiled hauled off-site would be used at another construction site within 20 miles of the project site. Some of the soil excavated is proposed to be used on the green roof and at-grade landscaped areas. It is estimated that 168,000 cubic yards of soil would need to be imported to the site. The imported soil would be used as topsoil on the green roof and mixed with existing soil on-site. Table 1.4-X: Summary of The Hills at Vallco Project* Land Use Commercial Total of 650,000 square feet of commercial uses located in all blocks of the project, consisting of: • 600,000 square feet of retail/restaurant/event/entertainment uses, of which: − A minimum of 420,000 square feet would be retail/restaurant uses including large and small retail stores, food establishments, and limited personal services; and − 180,000 square feet of which could be entertainment uses such as a movie theater, ice rink, and bowling alley. • 50,000 square feet of fitness uses (10,000 square feet of which would be located on the green roof). Office • A total of 2.0 million square feet of office uses located in Blocks 9-16. • An additional 345,000 square feet of amenity space solely for the office uses including a 20,000 square foot conference hall on the green roof, 15,000 square foot cafeteria/fitness area on the green roof, a total of 175,000 square foot testing and workshop space in Blocks 11-16, and a total of 135,000 square feet of other amenity spaces in Blocks 11-16. Residential Total of 800 residential dwelling units located in Blocks 1-4 and 7-9, consisting of: • 680 market-rate apartments; • 80 below-market rate apartments; and • 40 market-rate senior apartments. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 17 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 Table 1.4-X: Summary of The Hills at Vallco Project* • An additional 25,000 square feet of amenity space solely for residents on the roof including a fitness center, clubhouse, and pool. Civic/Community • 20,000 square foot community banquet hall on the green roof, • 10,000 square foot high school Innovation Center located in the western portion of the site, • 5,000 square foot civic meeting space located in the western portion of the site, and • 5,000 square foot “Multi-Modal Transit Center.” Common Open Spaces/Landscaping Town Squares Approximately 1.8-acre Town Square West and approximately 1.1-acre Town Square East. Both town squares would have programmable green space for community events and activities. Green Roof 30-acre green roof would include landscaping, active and passive open spaces, and nine pavilions totaling approximately 115,000 square feet. The pavilions would serve a variety of purposes and would either be for community, retail, residential, or office uses. • Green roof would have five distinct areas: oak grove, community activities, vineyards, orchards, and nature preserve. Much of the green roof would be accessible to the public. • The building square footages on the green roof would be allocated as follows: − A total of 35,000 square feet for commercial uses (i.e., 5,000 square foot wine tasting area, 20,000 square feet of retail pavilions, and a 10,000 square foot fitness area); − 35,000 square feet for office uses (20,000 square foot conference hall and 15,000 cafeteria/fitness area); and − 25,000 square feet for residential uses (e.g., fitness center, clubhouse, and pool) − 20,000 square feet for a civic/community banquet hall. Landscaping Most landscaping would be on the green roof with additional landscaping in the town squares and along the perimeter of the site and internal streets. Access, Circulation, and Parking Vehicular Access and Parking Grid street pattern proposed throughout site with Avenues A-D running north and south and 1st-7th Streets running east and west. Vehicles would be able to access the on-site street network from Stevens Creek Boulevard, Perimeter Road, and North Wolfe Road. Parking would be provided in a large below-ground parking garage, on-street, and at- grade parking structures. Proposed residential and office uses would have designated at- grade parking structures. Transit Access Existing bus stops on the project site frontage on Stevens Creek Boulevard, North Wolfe Road, and Vallco Parkway would be improved with duck-outs and enhanced bus shelters per VTA recommendations. The existing bus stop on the north side of Stevens Creek Boulevard between North Wolfe Road and Perimeter Road would function as a “Multi- Modal Transit Center.” Dedicated curbside areas for commuter shuttles are proposed near the intersection of Vallco Parkway and Perimeter Road. Bicycle Access and Parking New bike trails and Class I-III bikeways are proposed to follow the street grid pattern on- site. The proposed bicycle facilities would connect to existing bikeways on North Wolfe Road, Vallco Parkway, and Stevens Creek Boulevard. Bicycle parking racks, lockers, and charging areas for electric bicycles are proposed on-site. A bike hub is proposed on the western portion of the site. Pedestrian Access New pedestrian trails and sidewalks are proposed to follow the street grid pattern on-site. The existing enclosed bridge over North Wolfe Road would be replaced with a landscaped Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 18 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 Table 1.4-X: Summary of The Hills at Vallco Project* pedestrian bridge that would connect the two proposed town squares. The green roof would be accessible from the town squares, at the western site boundary at Stevens Creek Boulevard, and near the intersection of North Wolfe Road and Vallco Parkway. Transportation Demand Management Program Encourage alternative modes of transportation by including features such as: • Carpool, carshare, and rideshare; • Complementary community shuttle in coordination and partnership with the City, VTA, and corporate employers; • Bicycle repair stations, hub, parking, and wayfinding features on-site; • Shower and changing facilities for office employees on-site; • A Multi-Modal Transit Center on-site that supports carpool, carshare, and rideshare programs; • Electric vehicle parking on-site; and • Financial incentives for future tenants and employees to walk, bicycle, or take transit. Utility Improvements Central Plant A central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system for the entire project consisting of a 10,000 ton condenser water system and 16,000 ton per hour ice plant located in Block 16. Back-Up Generators 20 back-up building generators and two back-up parking garage generators Storm Drain, Sanitary Sewer, Water • Rerouting the existing stormwater drainage on North Wolfe Road to flow to Vallco Parkway to a new, proposed storm drain line in Perimeter Road. The new storm drain line would discharge into the Junipero Serra Channel. • Rerouting the sewer main that flows north in North Wolfe Road to flow to Vallco Parkway to a new, proposed sewer main in Perimeter Road. The new sewer main would connect to an existing sewer main that crosses I-280. • Rerouting the water main in North Wolfe Road that enters the project site to new water main lines proposed in Perimeter Road. These new water mains would connect to an existing water main in I-280. Recycled Water • Extending the existing recycled water infrastructure that is located north of the site under I-280, south on North Wolfe Road to Stevens Creek Boulevard. Transportation Improvements Roadway/Vehicular Circulation • Constructing a new signalized intersection on North Wolfe Road between Vallco Parkway and the I-280 interchange. • Modifying the existing tunnel under North Wolfe Road to allow for east-west access for emergency and service vehicles, by providing adequate height clearances. • Building an additional tunnel under North Wolfe Road to connect the proposed parking basements on the east and west sides of North Wolfe Road. Transit • Funding a complementary community shuttle in coordination and partnership with the City, VTA, and corporate employers. • Improving existing bus stops along the project site frontage. • Designating the existing bus stop on the north side of Stevens Creek between North Wolfe Road and Perimeter Road as a “Multi-Modal Transit Center,” which would include an associated 5,000 square foot building. • Dedicating curbside areas for commuter shuttles near the intersection of Vallco Parkway and Perimeter Road. Bicycle and Pedestrian • Restriping and coloring bicycle lanes on North Wolfe Road from Stevens Creek Boulevard to I-280. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 19 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 Table 1.4-X: Summary of The Hills at Vallco Project* • Improving sidewalks along North Wolfe Road from Stevens Creek Boulevard to I- 280 by installing pedestrian-scale lighting and street furniture. • Replacing the existing, enclosed bridge over North Wolfe Road with a pedestrian bridge. School Improvements Cupertino Union School District • Constructing a new 700-student elementary school located at 10255 North Portal Avenue in Cupertino; • Replacing all portable/temporary classrooms at Collins Elementary School with permanent classrooms; • Improving the existing play fields at Collins Elementary School; • Creating and funding of $1 million endowment for the 8th grade Yosemite Science Program; and • Paying the required school impact fee pursuant to California Government Code Section 65996. Fremont Union High School District • Constructing a 10,000 square foot High School “Innovation Center” on-site available to the High School District for rent for 34 years; and • Paying the required school impact fee pursuant to California Government Code Section 65996. Building and Construction Details LEED Platinum (or equivalent) Incorporate green building measures including, but not limited to, a 30-acre green roof, water conservation measures, building design to utilize natural ventilation and daylight, energy design strategies, and on-site photovoltaic systems. Demolition and Construction The existing Vallco Shopping Mall would be demolished. Construction would be phased and the development project is estimated to be completed in a total of five years. Staging of construction equipment and vehicles would primarily be on-site. Approximately 2.2 million cubic yards of soil would be excavated and most of the excavated soil would be hauled off-site. Approximately 168,000 cubic yards of clean soil would be imported to the site. Note: * This table provides a summary of the main details of The Hills at Vallco project proposal. Refer to the text of the project description (Section 1.4.2) for complete details. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 20 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 1.5 PROJECT OBJECTIVES 1.5.1 City Objectives According to the City’s Community Vision 2040, the City envisions the Vallco Shopping District as a new mixed-use “town center” and gateway for Cupertino. The area will become a primary regional destination for shopping, dining and entertainment, providing the City with additional sales tax revenue generators. The vision for the site includes an interconnected street grid network of bicycle and pedestrian- friendly streets, more pedestrian-oriented buildings with active uses lining Stevens Creek Boulevard and North Wolfe Road, and publicly-accessible parks and plazas that support a pedestrian-oriented feel of the revitalized area. New development in the Vallco Shopping District will provide buffers between adjacent single- family neighborhoods in the form of boundary walls, setbacks, landscaping, and/or building transitions. The project will leverage Cupertino’s centralized location between the Peninsula and South Bay Area, providing travelers with high-quality lodging accommodations. Guests would be located conveniently just steps away from various retail stores and service establishments located along the ground floor. Nearby anchor restaurants would provide opportunities for formal or informal engagements. The Shopping District will place an emphasis on human scale, providing public spaces and activity nodes that are easily accessible by active modes of travel through an intuitively connected street grid network. High-quality materials and architectural elements will aid in creating a sense of place and enhance the “town center” aesthetic. Pedestrian-oriented buildings differentiated by appropriate street, block and building typology will distinguish public realms, transition areas and areas of open space. This will elicit interest, exploration and interaction from both residents of the new development and visitors alike. The Vallco Shopping District will provide dwelling units on the upper floors of the mixed-use development above the commercial and active uses on the ground floor. The residential units will bolster the supply of available housing for all socio-economic segments and help the City to meet the identified regional housing need as detailed in the Housing Element of the 2040 General Plan. The intimate town center environment will appeal to active seniors seeking to improve their quality of life, allowing them to be in close proximity to goods and services. The allure of reduced commute times, accessibility to public transit and variety of food and entertainment options will attract both employers and professionals to work for the companies occupying the amenity rich office space incorporated into the Town Center. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 21 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 In summary, the City’s project objectives are to adopt a Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan that will facilitate the following: • Creation of a new mixed-use Town Center involving complete redevelopment of the Vallco Shopping Mall site; and • Implement the Goals, Policies and Strategies of the General Plan listed below. Strategies/ Policies/Goals Description Goal LU-19 Create a distinct and memorable mixed-use “Town Center” that is a regional destination and a focal point for the community. Policy LU- 19.1 Create a Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan prior to any development on the site that lays out the land uses, design standards and guidelines, and infrastructure improvements required. Strategy LU- 19.1.1 Redevelopment will require a master developer in order to remove the obstacles to the development of a cohesive district with the highest levels of urban design. Strategy LU- 19.1.2 Parcel assembly and a plan for complete redevelopment of the site is required prior to adding residential and office uses. Parcelization is highly discouraged in order to preserve the site for redevelopment in the future. Strategy LU- 19.1.3 The “town center” plan should be based on complete redevelopment of the site in order to ensure that the site can be planned to carry out the community vision. Strategy LU- 19.1.4 The following uses are allowed on the site: Retail: High-performing retail, restaurant, and entertainment uses. Maintain a minimum of 600,000 square feet of retail that provides a good source of sales tax for the City. Entertainment uses may be included but shall consist of no more than 30 percent of retail uses. Hotel: Encourage a business class hotel with conference center and active uses including main entrances, lobbies, retail, and restaurants on the ground floor. Residential: Allow residential on upper floors with retail and active uses on the ground floor. Encourage a mix of units for young professionals, couples and/or active seniors who like to live in an active “town center” environment. Office: Encourage high-quality office space arranged in a pedestrian-oriented street grid with active uses on the ground floor, publicly-accessible streets and plazas/green space. Strategy LU- 19.1.5 Create streets and blocks laid out using “transect planning,” which includes a discernible center and edges, public space at center, high quality public realm, and land uses appropriate to the street and building typology. Strategy LU- 19.1.6 Provide a newly configured complete street grid hierarchy of streets, boulevards and alleys that is pedestrian-oriented, connects to existing streets, and creates walkable urban blocks for buildings and open space. It should also incorporate transit facilities, provide connections to other transit nodes and coordinate with the potential expansion of Wolfe Road bridge over Interstate 280 to continue the walkable, bike-able boulevard concept along Wolfe Road. The project should also contribute towards a study and improvements to a potential Interstate 280 trail along the drainage channel south of the freeway and provide pedestrian and bicycle connections from the project sites to the trail. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 22 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 Strategies/ Policies/Goals Description Strategy LU- 19.1.7 Improve Stevens Creek Boulevard and Wolfe Road to become more bike and pedestrian- friendly with bike lanes, wide sidewalks, street trees, improved pedestrian intersections to accommodate the connections to Rosebowl and Main Street. Strategy LU- 19.1.8 Open space in the form of a central town square on the west and east sides of the district interspersed with plazas and “greens” that create community gathering spaces, locations for public art, and event space for community events. Strategy LU- 19.1.9 Buildings should have high-quality architecture, and an emphasis on aesthetics, human scale, and create a sense of place. Additional heights may be approved in specific areas by the City Council as part of the Community Benefits Program and per heights allowed in the Community Form Diagram. Taller buildings should provide appropriate transitions to fit into the surrounding area. Strategy LU- 19.1.10 High-quality buildings with architecture and materials befitting the gateway character of the site. The project should provide gateway signage and treatment. Strategy LU- 19.1.11 A phasing plan that lays out the timing of infrastructure, open space and land use improvements that ensures that elements desired by the community are included in early phases. Strategy LU- 19.1.12 Parking in surface lots shall be located to the side or rear of buildings. Underground parking beneath buildings is preferred. Above grade structures shall not be located along major street frontages. In cases, where above-grade structures are allowed along internal street frontages, they shall be lined with retail, entries and active uses on the ground floor. All parking structures should be designed to be architecturally compatible with a high-quality “town center” environment. Strategy LU- 19.1.13 Retain trees along the Interstate 280, Wolfe Road and Stevens Creek Boulevard to the extent feasible, when new development are proposed. Strategy LU- 19.1.14 Consider buffers such as setbacks, landscaping and/or building transitions to buffer abutting single-family residential areas from visual and noise impacts. The project should also be consistent with the following General Plan strategies, policies, and goals listed below. Strategies/ Policies/Goals Description Strategy LU- 13.7.1 Provide active uses along the street frontage, bike lanes, sidewalks that support pedestrian- oriented activity, improved pedestrian crossings at street intersections, and attractive transit facilities (e.g., bus stops, benches, etc.). Goal HE-1 An adequate supply of residential units for all economic segments. Goal HE-2 Housing is affordable for a diversity of Cupertino households. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 23 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 Strategies/ Policies/Goals Description Strategy HE-1 Provide adequate capacity through the Land Use Element and Zoning Ordinance to accommodate the RHNA of 1,064 units while maintaining a balanced land use plan that offers opportunities for employment growth, commercial/retail services, and amenities. Policy HE-1.1 Designate sufficient land at appropriate densities to accommodate Cupertino’s Regional Housing Needs Allocation of 1,064 units for the 2014-2022 projection period. Policy HE-1.2 Provide a full range of densities for ownership and rental housing. Policy ES-7.2 Strategies for the use of pervious walkways and driveways should be explored. Policy HE-1.3 Encourage mixed-use development near transportation facilities and employment centers. Strategy ES- 7.11.4 Encourage and promote the use of recycled water in public and private buildings, open space and streetscape planting. Strategy ES- 7.11.5 Encourage on-site water recycling including rainwater harvesting and gray water use. Policy HS-3.7 Ensure that adequate fire protection is built into the design of multi-story buildings and require on-site fire suppression materials and equipment. Strategy HS- 8.2.1 Locate delivery areas for new commercial and industrial developments away from existing or planned homes. Strategy HS- 8.2.3 Exercise discretion in requiring sound walls to be sure that all other measures of noise control have been explored and that the sound wall blends with the neighborhood. Sound walls should be designed and landscaped to fit into the environment. Goal INF-4 Implement best practices in stormwater management to reduce demand on the stormwater network, reduce soil erosion, and reduce pollution into reservoirs and the bay. Strategy INF- 7.3.2 Encourage recycling and reuse of building materials during demolition and construction of City, agency and private projects. Strategy INF- 7.3.3 Encourage the use of recycled materials and sustainably harvested materials in City, agency and private projects. Strategy INF- 2.4.2 Require undergrounding of all utility lines in new developments and highly encourage undergrounding in remodels or redevelopment of major projects. Strategy INF- 2.5.2 Encourage private and public projects to incorporate the use of recycled water for landscaping and other uses. Strategy INF- 5.1.2 Require developers to pay their fair share of costs for, or in some cases construct, infrastructure upgrades to ensure that service levels are met. Policy RPC- 2.4 Ensure that each home is within a half-mile walk of a neighborhood park or community park with neighborhood facilities; ensure that walking and biking routes are reasonably free of Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 24 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 Strategies/ Policies/Goals Description physical barriers, including streets with heavy traffic; provide pedestrian links between parks, wherever possible; and provide adequate directional and site signage to identify public parks. Strategy RPC- 3.1.1 Maximize the use of native plants and drought-tolerant planting. Strategy RPC- 8.1.2 Encourage schools to meet their expansion needs without reducing the size of their sports fields. Policy M-2.1 Adopt and maintain street design standards to optimize mobility for all transportation modes including automobiles, walking, bicycling and transit. Policy M-2.2 Design roadway alignments, lane widths, medians, parking and bicycle lanes, and sidewalks to complement adjacent land uses to keep with the aesthetic vision of the Planning Area. Improvement standards shall also consider the urban, suburban and rural environments found within the City. Policy M-2.3 Promote pedestrian and bicycle improvements that improve connectivity between planning areas, neighborhoods and services, and foster a sense of community. Policy M-2.4 Reduce traffic impacts and support alternative modes of transportation in neighborhoods and around schools, parks and community facilities rather than constructing barriers to mobility. Do not close streets unless there is a demonstrated safety or over-whelming through traffic problem and there are no acceptable alternatives since street closures move the problem from one street to another. Policy M-2.5 Ensure all new public and private streets are publicly accessible to improve walkability and reduce impacts on existing streets. 1.5.2 Applicant Objectives The applicant’s primary objectives for the project are as follows: 1. Implement the vision in the City’s General Plan to redevelop the outdated Vallco Shopping Mall into a vibrant and healthy mixed-use town center by balancing retail, employment, residential, civic and ancillary uses with a focus on providing significant open space features, views, and a gateway to Cupertino. 2. Revitalize this critical urban infill site with a strong and complementary mixed-use program, including retail, office, residential, civic and ancillary uses, at an intensity and density that both promotes visitor activity and interest and is able to financially support an innovative open space, transit center, and civic programs, as well as achieve a high level of sustainability. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 25 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 The applicant’s secondary objectives are as follows: 3. Create an innovative and active gathering place with vitality in design that integrates and encourages walking and cycling and that is compatible with, and complementary to, recent well-designed projects proximate to the project site. 4. Capitalize on the opportunity to utilize existing infrastructure in a manner which furthers local, regional and state compact and sustainable growth goals, including the extension of recycled water. 5. Provide sufficient local serving and destination retail uses to enable Cupertino and South Bay residents and shoppers to reduce vehicle miles travelled and associated greenhouse gas emissions. 6. Create an active, inviting and comfortable place for people to visit, shop, and enjoy dining and entertainment. 7. Provide greater residential variety and density, including additional affordable residential and life-cycle residential. 8. Reduce distances between residential, workplaces, retail businesses, and other entertainment amenities. 9. Improve local access to fresh and healthy foods by integrating more traditional food retail with the vibrancy of local farmers markets, and the heightened awareness of seasonal cycles as well as education opportunities through urban farming. 10. Provide adequate parking and vehicular access that meets the needs of future project visitors, employees, and residents, while encouraging the use of transit, bicycle, and other alternative modes of transportation. 11. Create new residential opportunities in close proximity to employment centers, public transit, shops, restaurants and entertainment uses. 12. Create a new regional civic gathering place that has a strong neighborhood character that is informed by and responding to the ideas, input and concerns of the local community. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 26 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 1.6 USES OF THE EIR This EIR provides decision makers in the City of Cupertino and the general public with relevant environmental information to use in considering the proposed project in accordance with the requirements of CEQA and the CEQA Guidelines. This EIR will be used for appropriate discretionary approvals necessary to implement the project, as proposed. As lead agency for the proposed project, the City of Cupertino would be responsible for most of the approvals required for development. Other agencies may also have some authority related to the project and its approvals. The discretionary actions, permits, and approvals that may be required by the City and other agencies is listed in Table 1.5-1 below. This EIR is intended to be used by the City and other agencies when deliberating on required permits and approvals. Table 1.5-1: Summary of Required Discretionary Actions, Permits, and Approvals Lead Agency Discretionary Action, Permit, Approval City of Cupertino • Specific Plan Approval • Rezoning • Development Agreement • Development Permits • Conditional Use Permit • Tentative Map • New and Modified Easements, Air Rights, and other Related Agreements • Tree Removal Permits • Architecture and Site Approvals • Encroachment Permits Responsible Agencies Cupertino Sanitary Sewer District • Improvement Plan Approval Caltrans • Encroachment Permit Note: The community amenities proposed as part of the project (the community park and nature preserve, transportation improvements, educational facilities and programs funding) are proposed to be included as part of a legally binding and enforceable Development Agreement between the property owner and the City. Section 1.0 – Project Information Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan/ City of Cupertino The Hills at Vallco (SCH# 2015102044) 27 Administrative Draft EIR, November 2015 1.7 SUBSEQUENT ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW There are uses proposed as part of the project that may require subsequent environmental review because specific details about the construction and/or operation of those uses (e.g., new off-site 700 student elementary school) are unknown at this time. The process followed could include use of this EIR, preparation of an Addendum to this EIR, preparation of a Negative Declaration that tiers from this EIR, or preparation of a supplemental or subsequent EIR. The uses/actions that could require subsequent environmental review include, but are not limited to, the following: • Construction of a new elementary school at the former Nan Allan Elementary School site located at 10255 North Portal Avenue in Cupertino; • Development of more than 650,000 square feet of commercial uses, 2.0 million square feet of office uses, 800 residential units on the site, 40,000 square feet of civic/community space, and amenities as described in Section 1.4.2; and • Construction of a modified or new interchange at North Wolfe Road and I-280. REFERENCED GENERAL PLAN POLICIES Policies Description M-1.2 Participate in the development of new multi-modal analysis methods and impact thresholds as required by Senate Bill 743. However, until such impact thresholds are developed, continue to optimize mobility for all modes of transportation while striving to maintain the following intersection Levels of Service (LOS) at a.m. and p.m. peak traffic hours: • Major intersections: LOS D; • Stevens Creek Boulevard and De Anza Boulevard: LOS E+; • Stevens Creek Boulevard and Stelling Road: LOS E+ • De Anza Boulevard and Bollinger Road: LOS E+ M-1.3 Continue to plan and provide for a comprehensive system of trails and pathways consistent with regional systems, including the Bay Trail, Stevens Creek Corridor and Ridge Trail. M-2.1 Adopt and maintain street design standards to optimize mobility for all transportation modes including automobiles, walking, bicycling and transit. M-2.2 Design roadway alignments, lane widths, medians, parking and bicycle lanes, crosswalks and sidewalks to complement adjacent land uses in keeping with the vision of the Planning Area. Strive to minimize adverse impacts and expand alternative transportation options for all Planning Areas (Special Areas and Neighborhoods). Improvement standards shall also consider the urban, suburban and rural environments found within the city. M-2.3 Promote pedestrian and bicycle improvements that improve connectivity between planning areas, neighborhoods and services, and foster a sense of community. M-2.4 Reduce traffic impacts and support alternative modes of transportation rather than constructing barriers to mobility. Do not close streets unless there is a demonstrated safety or over-whelming through traffic problem and there are no acceptable alternatives since street closures move the problem from one street to another. M-2.5 Ensure all new public and private streets are publicly accessible to improve walkability and reduce impacts on existing streets. M-2.6 Consider the implementation of best practices on streets to reduce speeds and make them user-friendly for alternative modes of transportation, including pedestrians and bicyclists. M-3.2 Require new development and redevelopment to increase connectivity through direct and safe pedestrian connections to public amenities, neighborhoods, shopping and employment destinations throughout the city. APPENDIX 8C Policies Description M-3.3 Enhance pedestrian and bicycle crossings and pathways at key locations across physical barriers such as creeks, highways and road barriers. M-3.4 Preserve and enhance citywide pedestrian and bike connectivity by limiting street widening purely for automobiles as a means of improving traffic flow. M-3.5 Minimize the number and the width of driveway openings. M-3.6 Require parking lots to include clearly defined paths for pedestrians to provide a safe path to building entrances. M-3.8 Require new development and redevelopment to provide public and private bicycle parking. M-4.4 Work with VTA and/or major developments to ensure all new development projects include amenities to support public transit including bus stop shelters, space for transit vehicles as appropriate and attractive amenities such as trash receptacles, signage, seating and lighting. M-4.7 Vallco Shopping District Transfer Station - Work with VTA and/or other transportation service organizations to study and develop a transit transfer station that incorporates a hub for alternative transportation services such as, car sharing, bike sharing and/or other services. M-5.1 Promote Safe Routes to Schools programs for all schools serving the city. M-5.2 Ensure that bicycle and pedestrian safety improvements include projects to enhance safe accessibility to schools. M-7.1 Follow guidelines set by the VTA related to transportation impact analyses, while conforming to State goals for multi-modal performance targets. M-8.3 Employ Transportation Systems Management strategies to improve efficiency of the transportation infrastructure including strategic right-of-way improvements, intelligent transportation systems and optimization of signal timing to coordinate traffic flow. M-8.4 Require large employers, including colleges and schools, to develop and maintain TDM programs to reduce vehicle trips generated by their employees and students and develop a tracking method to monitor results. M-8.5 Encourage new commercial developments to provide shared office facilities, cafeterias, daycare facilities, lunchrooms, showers, bicycle parking, home offices, shuttle buses to transit facilities and other amenities that encourage the use of transit, bicycling or walking as commute modes to work. Provide pedestrian pathways and orient buildings to the street to encourage pedestrian activity. M-9.2 Promote effective TDM programs for existing and new development. Policies Description RPC- 1.1 Prepare a citywide Parks and Recreation Master Plan that outlines policies and strategies to plan for the communities open space and recreational needs. RPC- 1.2 Continue to implement a parkland acquisition and implementation program that provides a minimum of three acres per 1,000 residents. RPC- 2.1 The City’s parkland acquisition strategy should be based upon three broad objectives: • Distributing parks equitably throughout the City; • Connecting and providing access by providing paths, improved pedestrian and bike connectivity and signage; and • Retaining and restoring creeks and other natural open space areas. RPC- 2.3 Strive for an equitable distribution of parks and recreational facilities throughout the city. Park acquisition should be based on the following priority list. Accessibility to parks should be a component of the acquisition plan. • High Priority: Parks in neighborhoods or areas that have few or no park and recreational areas. • Medium Priority: Parks in neighborhoods that have other agency facilities such as school fields and district facilities, but no City parks. • Low Priority: Neighborhoods and areas that have park and recreational areas which may be slightly less than the adopted City’s parkland standard. • Private Development: Consider pocket parks in new and renovated projects to provide opportunities for publicly-accessible park areas. RPC- 2.4 Ensure that each home is within a half-mile walk of a neighborhood park or community park with neighborhood facilities; ensure that walking and biking routes are reasonably free of physical barriers, including streets with heavy traffic; provide pedestrian links between parks, wherever possible; and provide adequate directional and site signage to identify public parks. RPC- 2.5 Provide parks and recreational facilities for a variety of recreational activities. RPC- 5.1 Dedicate or acquire open space land along creeks and utility through regional cooperation, grants and private development review. RPC- 6.2 Enhance the city’s recreational programs through partnerships with other agencies and non-profit organizations. RPC- 8.1 Partner with school districts to allow community use of their sports fields and facilities. HS-4.1 Continue to support the Neighborhood Watch Program and other similar programs intended to help neighborhoods prevent crime through social interaction. Policies Description HS-4.2 Consider appropriate design techniques to reduce crime and vandalism when designing public spaces and reviewing development proposals. HS-4.3 Recognize fiscal impacts to the County Sheriff and City of Cupertino when approving various land use mixes. HS-3.1 Coordinate wildland fire prevention efforts with adjacent jurisdictions. Encourage the County and the Midpeninsula Open Space District to implement measures to reduce fire hazards, including putting into effect the fire reduction policies of the County Public Safety Element, continuing efforts in fuel management, and considering the use of “green” fire break uses for open space lands. HS-3.2 Involve the Fire Department in the early design stage of all projects requiring public review to assure Fire Department input and modifications as needed. HS-3.3 Ensure adequate emergency access is provided for all new hillside development. HS-3.4 Discourage the use of private residential electronic security gates that act as a barrier to emergency personnel. HS-3.7 Ensure that adequate fire protection is built into the design of multi-story buildings and require on-site fire suppression materials and equipment. HS-3.8 Encourage the water companies to extend water service into the hillside and canyon areas and encourage cooperation between water utility companies and the Fire Department in order to keep water systems in pace with growth and firefighting service needs. ES-1.1 Incorporate the principles of sustainability into Cupertino’s planning, infrastructure and development process in order to improve the environment, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and meet the needs of the community without compromising the needs of future generations. ES-2.1 Encourage the maximum feasible conservation and efficient use of electrical power and natural gas resources for new and existing residences, businesses, industrial and public uses. ES-3.1 Set standards for the design and construction of energy and resource conserving/efficient building. ES-7.1 In public and private development, use low impact development (LID) principles to mimic natural hydrology, minimize grading and protect or restore natural drainage systems. ES-7.2 Minimize stormwater runoff and erosion impacts resulting from development and use low impact development (LID) designs to treat stormwater or recharge groundwater. Policies Description ES-7.4 Review long-term plans and development projects to ensure good stewardship of watersheds. ES-7.5 Support the Santa Clara Valley Water District efforts to find and develop groundwater recharge sites within Cupertino and provide public recreation where possible. ES-7.6 Encourage the research of other water sources, including water reclamation. ES-7.7 Encourage industrial projects, in cooperation with the Cupertino Sanitary District, to have long-term conservation measures, including recycling equipment for manufacturing and water supplies in the plant. ES-7.8 Retain and restore creek beds, riparian corridors, watercourses and associated vegetation in their natural state to protect wildlife habitat and recreation potential and assist in groundwater percolation. Encourage land acquisition or dedication of such areas. ES-7.9 Continue to coordinate citywide water conservation and regional water supply problem solving efforts with the Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD), San Jose Water Company and California Water Company. ES-7.10 Provide public information regarding resource conservation. ES-7.11 Promote efficient use of water throughout the City in order to meet State and regional water use reduction targets. INF-7.1 Coordinate with solid waste system providers to utilize the latest technology and best practices to encourage waste reduction and meet, and even, exceed State targets. INF-7.2 Ensure that public and private developments build new and on-site facilities and/or retrofit existing on-site facilities to meet the City’s waste diversion requirements. INF-7.3 Encourage public agencies and private property owners to design their operations to meet, and even, exceed regulatory waste diversion requirements. INF-8.1 Meet or exceed Federal, State and regional requirements for solid waste diversion through implementation of programs.