101-Staff Report.pdf
DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
CITY HALL
10300 TORRE AVENUE • CUPERTINO, CA 95014-3255
TELEPHONE: (408) 777-3308 www.cupertino.org
CITY COUNCIL STAFF REPORT
Meeting: April 1, 2014
Subject
Study Session for amendments to Protected Trees Ordinance (MCA‐2013‐01)
Recommended Action
1. Review alternatives to the scope of the amendments to Chapter 14.18, Protected Trees
Ordinance and provide staff with further direction
2. Authorize additional funding as necessary to complete the study and environmental review
based on the alternative.
Description
Application: MCA‐2013‐01
Applicant: City of Cupertino
Property Location: City‐wide
Application Summary: Study Session to consider potential Amendments to Chapter 14.18,
Protected Trees, of the Cupertino Municipal Code
Discussion
Background
On November 5, 2012, the City Council conducted a study session to consider the scope and
process of possible amendments to the Protected Tree Ordinance. The Councilʹs direction
consisted of amendments in two phases. In Phase one staff was directed to present an
Ordinance amendment to address issues pertaining to public trees and to lower the penalties of
unlawful tree removal from a misdemeanor to an infraction. Phase two was to present the City
Council with a draft ordinance and associated environmental review for potential amendments
on the following issues:
Streamline and revise the tree removal process in R1/A1/A/RHS/R2 zones
Review the size of trees in diameter for ʺprotectedʺ specimen trees
Encourage retention of specimen trees, regardless of size
Review and update the specimen tree list
Consider if greater penalties are warranted for unlawful removal of larger trees
Phase one of the project was completed on March 19, 2013, when the City Council amended the
Protected Tree Ordinance to clarify references to public trees and to modify penalties from a
misdemeanor to infraction (Attachment A). The City Council directed staff to initiate the public
process for a comprehensive Protected Tree Ordinance amendment to study and address the
following specific areas:
a) Create an approach that allows a more streamlined process for removal of “non‐mature,
specimen” trees in R1/A/A1 and RHS zones as well as for R2 properties
b) Define “mature” vs. “non‐mature specimen” trees to improve implementation of the
streamlined process noted above
c) Protect all native “specimen” trees regardless of size
d) Review the “specimen” tree list to include only native trees and remove non‐native trees
and invasive species
e) Continue to encourage replacement and renewal of the City’s urban forest
f) Consider a process to encourage voluntary tree planting
g) Propose a more effective approach to review the illegal removal of trees.
Accordingly, staff commenced work on drafting the key points to be included in the ordinance
based on items “a” through “g” noted above. Work also began on the environmental review.
DISCUSSION
Originally Proposed Draft Ordinance for Chapter 14.18, Protected Trees
Based on Council direction at the March 19, 2013 meeting, staff worked on the following
elements for a draft ordinance for Chapter 14.18, Protected Trees. The key features of the
proposed ordinance were discussed with the Planning Commission on December 10, 2013 (see
Attachment B). The Commission and staff comments in italics are provided below where
applicable:
(a) Specimen Trees
Based on a review of the specimen tree list with the City’s consulting arborist, the list of
specimen trees is proposed to be revised as follows (shown with strikeouts and underlines):
Specimen Tree Add/Remove Comments
Quercus species No change
Aesculus californica (California Buckeye); No change
Acer macrophyllum (Big Leaf Maple); No change
Cedrus deodara (Deodar Cedar); No change
Cedrus atlantica ʹGlaucaʹ (Blue Atlas Cedar); No change
Umbellularia californica (Bay Laurel or
California Bay);
REMOVE Issues regarding structural integrity, decline,
and safety. Also hosts to Sudden Oak Death.
Platanus racemosa (Western Sycamore) No change
Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas Fir) ADD
Fast‐growing, perform best in forested
settings, and native to the Santa Cruz
mountain area. Protected tree: trunk dia. >18”
Planning Commission recommendation: Agreed on revisions to the specimen tree list.
(b) “Mature” vs “Non‐Mature” Specimen Trees
Currently, the ordinance defines specimen trees as those of a certain species and having a
minimum single‐trunk diameter of 10 inches (31‐inch circumference) or minimum multi‐
trunk diameter of 20 inches (63‐inch circumference) measured four and one‐half feet from
natural grade. The City’s consulting arborist has stated that, at the time when a tree grows
to about 8”‐10” in diameter, it transforms from a shrub‐like to a tree‐like form, securing
itself as an established tree. The understory, which is the lower branch area, begins to die off
and the plant begins to resemble a tree with the top canopy starting to mature. This lower
branch area forms a protective barrier over the root system and is critical for the health of
the tree. Each tree has a different growing pattern but an average of 10‐12 inches could be
established as a typical size for a mature tree.
Staff therefore recommends defining a “mature” specimen tree as one that has a diameter to
12 inches in diameter when measured at four and one‐half feet from natural grade.
Specimen trees that are smaller than 12” in diameter would be termed, “non‐mature” trees.
Planning Commission recommendation: Simplify the process. See discussion later in the report.
(c) Streamlined Process for R1/A1/A/RHS Zones and Projects in R2 Zones
Under the proposed ordinance, the process discussed in item (b) would be available for all
projects in R1/A1/A/RHS zones and projects in R2 zones. Arborist reports would continue
to be required for all projects that have an approved landscape plan as part of the approval.
Planning Commission Comments: Agreed on a simplified process for the above zones.
(d) Protection of Native Specimen Trees
Based on the finalized list of Specimen trees, staff proposed the following process:
Removal permit process for “non‐mature” specimen trees ‐ removal applications for
trees below the “mature” size would not be required to provide an arborist report for
removal. Only mitigation will be required. Mitigation could be in the form of in‐kind
replacement of removed trees somewhere on‐site, or payment of an “in‐lieu” fee which
would cover the cost of planting an equivalent sized tree on public property off‐site.
Tree removal application process for mature trees – Tree removal applications for
mature trees would require an arborist report and replacements.
Planning Commission recommendation: Simplify the process. See discussion later in the report.
(e) Process and Fees for Illegal Removal of Protected Trees
Under the current Ordinance, tree replacement requirements for permitted and illegal tree
removals are the same. For removal of trees under 36” diameter, the Ordinance requires
that replacement trees be planted, of a species and size consistent with the replacement
value of each tree to be removed. The Ordinance also identifies a Replacement Table that
may be used as a basis for appropriate replacements. In cases where the removed trees are
greater than 36” in diameter, larger replacements are required.
A review of other cities, similar to Cupertino, indicates that most cities’ replacement
requirements for illegal tree removals are larger than those required for a regular tree
removal permit. Heritage trees or unusually large trees that are removed illegally are
required to provide larger replacements based on landscape unit value. The City’s
consulting arborists have recommended a similar approach.
Planning Commission recommendation ‐ Keep the current process for replacements for illegal tree
removals.
(f) Process to Encourage Voluntary Tree Planting
The proposed ordinance included an option for property owners in R1/A1/A/RHS/R2
zoning districts who desire to voluntarily plant specimen trees. Under this proposed
process, property owners could choose to register newly voluntarily planted trees and
record it on their deeds (similar to privacy protection trees). These voluntarily planted and
registered trees would not be subject to tree removal permits or mitigation requirements, if
removed.
Staff would like to note the following two issues related to this process:
1. Recording voluntarily planted specimen trees would require the recording of existing
trees and their locations on the site. A survey of the site to determine location and the
type and size of existing and voluntarily planted trees will be required to ensure that the
appropriate trees are recorded on the deed. This could result in cost to the applicant to
hire a qualified arborist and a surveyor.
2. The process would likely result in significant staff time spent in administering and
reviewing voluntary tree planting and removals.
Planning Commission Recommendation: Do not include a Voluntary Tree Planting Program.
Community Meeting
A community meeting was held on October 30, 2013 to provide an update on the project and
the general direction of the changes being considered, and to receive feedback from residents
and applicants. City‐wide postcards were sent to each address in the City to notify the
community of the project and community meeting. A total of 10 people attended the meeting.
Comments received at the community meeting included the following:
Lowering the threshold of trees to be considered protected (non‐mature) trees or protecting
all specimen trees regardless of size will make the process more burdensome for property
owners.
A streamlined process for R1/A/A1, RHS and R2 zones is appreciated but not at the cost of
lowering the threshold of trees to be considered protected.
The voluntary tree planting program described is too cumbersome and not attractive
enough to encourage property owners to voluntarily plant specimen trees.
Trees are an asset to making a community mature and beautiful, and a strong Protected
Trees Ordinance is required.
The current process is onerous and expensive, and
Provide flexibility to remove trees on private property.
Planning Commission Study Session
Staff reviewed a range of alternatives to the existing ordinance ranging from the proposed
ordinance to no ordinance (Attachment C). Ultimately, staff presented the following four
alternatives to the Planning Commission at its December 10th, 2013 meeting with a view to
providing a balance between reducing some of the burdens on property owners in
R1/A/A1/RHS and R2 zones and ensuring the protection and renewal of the City’s urban and
hillside forests.
Alternative No. Key Elements
Alternative 1. Modify the current Protected Tree Ordinance with the following changes:
Update specimen tree list consistent with previous discussion
Streamline removal of trees in R1/A/A1/RHS and R2 zones:
Specimen Trees up to 12” diameter: Permit required but no noticing or arborist report
Specimen Trees > 12” diameter: Permit, noticing, and arborist report required
Process for tree removals in other zones, heritage trees, and privacy trees unchanged
No changes to illegal tree removals
No Voluntary Tree Planting Program.
Alternative 2.
Adopt an Ordinance with the following key points:
Update specimen tree list consistent with previous discussion
Establish two tiers within Specimen trees that currently need a permit for removal in R1, RHS,
A1, A, and R2 properties to streamline tree removal process:
Tier 1 (≥ 10” to < 24”) Tier 2 (≥ 24”) or trees in Tier 1 that don’t
meet criteria
Over the Counter Permit required
No notification required
Mitigation required
Maximum number of Specimen Trees proposed
for removal (for life of parcel) do not exceed:
‐ Three (3) trees; or
‐10% of total Specimen trees on parcel
Criteria only.
‐Property Value/Damage
Arborist & Survey Report required to confirm to confirm Criteria and Findings.
Permit required
Notification required
Mitigation required
Must meet Findings regarding
‐ Health and Safety and/or
Arborist and Survey Report required
Alternative 2.
(cont.)
Process for tree removals in other zones, heritage
No changes to il
trees, and privacy trees unchanged
legal tree removals
No Voluntary Tree Planting Program
Alternative 3. Current Protected Tree Ordinance
Keep current specimen tree list
Process for Specimen tree removals in R1/A/A1/RHS:
Specimen Trees < 10” diameter: No permit required
Specimen Trees > or equal to 10” diameter: Permit, noticing, and arborist report required
Process for tree removals in other zones, heritage trees, and privacy trees unchanged
No changes to illegal tree removals
No Voluntary Tree Planting Program
Alternative 4.ouncil direction:
1/A/A1/RHS and R2 zones:
but no noticing or arborist report
arborist report required
or larger
er fees.
Adopt an Ordinance consistent with prior C
Update specimen tree list
Streamline removal of trees in R
Specimen Trees up to 12” diameter: Permit required
Specimen Trees > 12” diameter: Permit, noticing, and
Process for tree removals in other zones, heritage trees, and privacy trees unchanged
Update Illegal Tree Removal process to be consistent with arborist recommendation f
tree replacements as opposed to high
Establish Voluntary Tree Planting Program
Planning Commission Study Session
The Plannin
ed public trees.
plex implementation process.
ion meeting is summarized below:
ing arborist, removal of trees, and replacement/in‐lieu fees are too
lacement trees.
want a
cted trees ordinance to be maintained.
Recommend keeping the Bay Laurel tree on the specimen tree list.
uncil on each of the features discussed in the
Proposed Draft Ordinance as well as the Planning Commission’s preferred alternative.
g Commission recommended in a 3‐2 vote to:
Explore Alternative 2.
For illegal tree removals, recommend flat fees as opposed to the use of a formula to assess
the value of an illegally removed tree, such as the one used by the Public Works
Department for levying penalties for illegally remov
Eliminate the voluntary tree program due to the com
Public Comments
Additional community feedback at the Planning Commiss
The costs for a consult
high and the ordinance is unnecessary.
Trees are a valued resource in the City, but there needs to be greater flexibility and
consideration for reasons for removal of protected trees as well as rep
The existing tree stock and canopy is a valuable resource for the City and we
strong prote
There should be a discussion regarding the difference for trees on large lots vs small lots.
Staff is seeking direction from the City Co
Fees
Currently, an illegal tree removal requires to the payment of a retroactive tree removal fee/fine
produces more replacement trees and
pearance, and location
ity’s Public Works Department, in 2012, adopted a formula to assess the value of illegally
ition will require a
replacement fee, whereas a small fruit tree in poor condition will require a nominal
actors and
rofessionals are subject to the full replacement tree value.
dule. Options include
and replacements or
ion on the
areas of amendments to the Protected Tree Ordinance. It was determined that a Mitigated
begun the environmental review process by executing a contract
lanning Commission, amending and updating
of $3,128 per illegal tree removed, which contributes to the City’s tree planting fund. The City’s
consulting arborists have indicated that a penalty which
is based on the tree’s age, aesthetics, size, cost, environmental quality, ap
could be considered as other surrounding communities have implemented.
A review of other cities, similar to Cupertino, indicates that tree removal fees for the illegal
removal of public trees are usually based on the diameter inch for the removed tree.
The C
removed public trees. For public trees, first, the removed tree is evaluated based on the size of
the tree. Then, a species rating is applied based on the species of the tree removed. Less
valuable/desirable species are assigned lower ratings (i.e., oaks are more valuable than fruit
trees). Finally, a condition rating is applied to the tree based on whether the tree is categorized
as good, fair, or poor. Under this formula, a large oak tree in good cond
significant
fee. In addition, the Public Trees Ordinance allows first time offenders to be subject to only 10%
of the fee calculated under the formula, whereas repeat offenders and intentional
p
Staff would like to note the following two issues with such an approach:
In most cases, after a tree is removed, it is not possible to gauge the condition, quality and
appearance of a tree. While tree species and a rough estimate of the trunk size can be
obtained from the base of the tree, it could be difficult to assess the condition of the tree.
Determining the fee based on size and quality of a tree will require an arborist.
Planning Commission recommendation: Retain a flat fee for the determination of the fee for
unpermitted tree removals.
Staff is seeking the City Council’s comments on revisions to the fee sche
continuing with the current approach of a flat retroactive fine for each tree
to create a formula similar to that for street trees.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
At the March 19, 2013 City Council meeting, the council provided staff with direct
Negative Declaration was needed to complete California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)
review. Since then, staff has
with environmental consultant, David J. Powers and Associates (DJP).
If the City Council provides direction to staff to prepare a Draft Ordinance consistent with the
key points of Alternative 2 as recommended by P
the Administrative Draft Mitigated Negative Declaration would be adequate environmental
he City Council authorized a budget of $65,000 to study the environmental effects and for staff
be available for City Council review around Summer 2014.
Alternative 3 (retain existing) would not require any further action by City Council.
meeting
held on December 10, 2013, and the City Council meeting held tonight April 1, 2014. The
ference to a project website with the most up to date
The following is a brief summary of the noticing completed for the project:
review for the project. Alternatives 1 and 4 would also require the preparation of an amended
and updated Mitigated Negative Declaration, while Alternative 3 (retain existing) would not
require any environmental review.
FISCAL IMPACT
T
to work closely with consulting arborist, David L. Babby, to obtain advice and guidance on
technical questions related to trees in March 2013.
However, due to changes to the scope of work, Alternative 2 would require an additional $7,100
and an additional 3 to 4 months of review time. Alternatives 1 and 4 are not anticipated to
require a revised budget and would
PERMIT STREAMLINING ACT
This project is legislative in nature and not subject to the Permit Streamlining Act (Government
Code Section 65920 – 65964).
PUBLIC NOTICING & OUTREACH
The municipal code does not require public noticing for study sessions, since it does not involve
action or decision by the City Council. However, a courtesy Citywide notice was sent informing
residents of the Community Meeting on October 30, 2013, the Planning Commission
courtesy notice also included re
information.
Notice of Public Hearing, Site Notice & Legal Agenda
Ad
Legal ad placed in newspaper
(at least 10 days prior to the hearing)
Courtesy citywide notice, with information
on Community Meeting, Planning
Commission
Posted on the Cityʹs official notice
bulletin board (at least one week prior to
the hearing)
Posted on the City of Cupertino’s Web
and City Council Meeting date
(postcard included reference to website for latest
site (at least one week prior to the hearing)
updates on changed meeting dates)
Community meeting held on October 30, 2013
Interested parties notified of meeting date
NEXT STEPS
U e
the
nd
the
oject as noted earlier in the report.
pon further direction from City Council, staff
Protected Trees ordinance and continue working
environmental review. A draft ordinance will be
City Council for their consideration and adoptio
level of environmental review required for the pr
will continue with the project to amend th
th the selectedwi consultants to complete
presented before the Planning Commission a
n. The timing of the project will depend on
Prepared by: Simon Vuong, AICP, Associate Planner
Reviewed by: Gary Chao, Assistant Director of Community Development
Aarti Shrivastava, Director of Community Development
pproved by:
A David Brandt, City Manager
ATTACHMENTS:
A ‐ Chapter 14.18, Protected Trees, of the Cupertino Municipal Code
B ‐ Planning Commission Study Session Staff Report, dated December 10, 2013
C ‐ Protected Trees Ordinance: Matrix of Options