CC 12-01-20 Item No. 11 Bird Safe Dark Sky_Written CommunicationsCC 12-01-20
#11
Bird-Safe Dark Sky
Municipal Code
Amendment
Written Comments
1
Cyrah Caburian
From:rmloui <rmloui@gmail.com>
Sent:Saturday, November 28, 2020 8:27 PM
To:City Council
Subject:support bird safe and dark sky ordinance
CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and know the content is safe.
To whom it may concern,
I recently learned that Cupertino City Council will be considering an ordinance that can prevent bird deaths
and protect wildlife and people from disruptive artificial night lights. I would like to voice my opinion that the
ordinance for bird-safe design and dark sky techniques is an excellent proposal and should be passed with no
hesitation. With the current rapid rate of species loss on this planet, including birds, we must do all that we
can to help local bird species survive and flourish. It is always a wonderful sight to see local birds while out
walking my dog during the day and to be able to see the beautiful night sky with the stars and the moon when
walking my dog after dark.
I feel strongly that it is very important to pass this ordinance for bird safe and dark sky techniques to better
the environment for both wildlife and humans alike. It is a win-win for everyone to eliminate or reduce the
amount of artificial night lights in Cupertino (and everywhere else on this planet).
Thank you and best regards,
Rachel Loui
1
Cyrah Caburian
From:Janice L. Ross <jross@stanford.edu>
Sent:Saturday, November 28, 2020 8:33 PM
To:City Council
Subject:support bird safe and dark sky ordinance
CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and know the content is safe.
Dear Cupertino City Council Members,
I am writing to ask you to please vote to protect wildlife, and especially prevent birddeaths by approving the ordinance
that contains bird‐safe design techniques.
Equally important is to please, please, vote to protect humans and wildlife from disruptive artificial light at night by
approving Dark Sky techniques.
I greatly respect your service to our community and urge you to be a defender of nature and wildlife for all of us.
thank you,
Janice Ross
1
Cyrah Caburian
From:CYNTHIA CARLEY <cynthiacarley@mac.com>
Sent:Saturday, November 28, 2020 8:40 PM
To:City Council
Subject:support bird safe and dark sky ordinance
CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and know the content is safe.
Dear City Council,
I appreciate local birds and the beauty of the night sky. I encourage you to seriously consider the ordinance that will
prevent bird deaths and protect wildlife and humans from disruptive artificial light at night.
Sincerely
Cynthia Carley
Member Loma Prieta Chapter of the Sierra Club
1
Cyrah Caburian
From:MELINDA MacNaughton <nutrimel@comcast.net>
Sent:Saturday, November 28, 2020 8:58 PM
To:City Council
Subject:protect our birds in Cupertino
CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and know the content is safe.
Please support the ordinance to protect birds in the night sky by implementing an ordinance to reduce or shut of
artificial light at night. We already have reduced populations of all animals including birds due to other types of
pollution. Let's help reduce more deaths by implementing this very easy strategy.
Thank you!
Melinda MacNaughton
10885 Dryden Avenue
Cupertino, CA
1
Cyrah Caburian
From:Shani Kleinhaus <shani@scvas.org>
Sent:Sunday, November 29, 2020 9:06 PM
To:City Council
Cc:Piu Ghosh; Erick Serrano; City of Cupertino Planning Dept.; Dashiell Leeds; James Eggers; Matthew
Dodder
Subject:12.1.2020 Agenda Item 11: Bird-Safe and Dark Sky Regulations
Attachments:11.29.2020 SVCAS SCLP letter to Cupertino.pdf
CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and know the content is safe.
Dear Mayor Scharf and Cupertino City Councilmembers,
The Santa Clara Valley Audubon Society and the Sierra Club Loma Prieta Chapter are pleased to support the proposed
glazing and lighting regulations. We have been following this process since its inception and are greatly appreciative of
your leadership.
We truly appreciate the work Cupertino staff has invested in this item, and the attention by the Planning Commission. The
requirement that non‐essential lighting should be turned off at 11PM is especially important, as it allows community and
business activities to continue while reducing energy use and unnecessary light pollution to improve human and
ecosystem health.
There is an opportunity for the ordinance language to be strengthened and clarified. We have identified five
improvements to the language, which are detailed in the attached letter. Please motion to incorporate these changes.
Sincerely,
Shani Kleinhaus, Ph.D.,Environmental Advocate, Santa Clara Valley Audubon Society
Dashiell Leeds, Conservation Assistant, Sierra Club Loma Prieta Chapter
November 29, 2020
Cupertino City Hall
10300 Torre Ave
Cupertino, CA 95014
RE: 12.1.2020 Agenda Item 11: Bird-Safe and Dark Sky Regulations
Dear Mayor Scharf and Cupertino City Councilmembers,
The Santa Clara Valley Audubon Society and the Sierra Club Loma Prieta Chapter are pleased to
support the proposed glazing and lighting regulations in front of you tonight. We have been
following this process since its inception and are greatly appreciative of your leadership.
We truly appreciate the work Cupertino staff has invested in this item, and the attention by the
Planning Commission. The requirement that non-essential lighting should be turned off at 11PM
is especially important, as it allows community and business activities to continue while reducing
energy use and unnecessary light pollution to improve human and ecosystem health.
There is an opportunity for the ordinance language to be strengthened and clarified. We have
identified five improvements to the language, which are detailed in the following pages. Please
motion to incorporate these changes.
Sincerely,
Shani Kleinhaus, Ph.D., Environmental Advocate
Santa Clara Valley Audubon Society
Dashiell Leeds, Conservation Assistant
Sierra Club Loma Prieta Chapter
Summary of our 5 requests:
1) Add “human health” to the purpose statement.
2) For Bird Safe Design, strengthen the standard compliance treatments to ensure that the
treatments are visible to all birds and have enough contrast to provide adequate
protection.
3) Remove Section B.2.e, which creates a loophole allowing lighting of unlimited brightness
in some cases.
4) Adjust the color temperature limit to 2,700 Kelvin (from 3,000 Kelvin)
5) Direct staff to work with the Santa Clara Valley Audubon Society to create and annually
review the list of bird safe treatments.
1) Section 19.102.010 Purpose: Consider adding the protection of human
health to the purpose statement
Existing language with additions in bold font:
“19.102.010 Purpose
The purpose of this chapter is to regulate design and construction of structures and accessory
elements in all zoning districts to protect the natural environment and human health,
particularly enhancing bird-safety and reducing light pollution. This Chapter establishes
regulations to reduce bird mortality from windows or other specific glass features that are known
to increase the risk of bird collisions and to reduce light pollution that is known to contribute to
bird mortality, the reduced visibility of the night sky, and negative human health impacts.”
Rationale:
Light pollution is hazardous to human health and this should be reflected in the purpose
statement of this ordinance. Light pollution, especially high-heat light in the blue wavelengths,
has been shown to cause circadian disruption. This alters the sleep/wake cycle, core body
temperature, hormone regulation and release, and patterns of gene expression throughout the
body. Physiological and epidemiological studies implicate this disruption as a contributing cause
to breast and prostate cancers, obesity, diabetes, depression, bipolar and other affective
disorders.1
2) 19.102.030 B.2 Fenestration and Glass Requirements, Standard Compliance
Treatments: Please strengthen the standard compliance treatments.
Existing language with additions in bold font:
“B. Fenestration and Glass Requirements
2. Standard Compliance Treatments: The Planning Division may maintain a list of
acceptable bird-safe treatments that may be updated from time to time. The list may
include, but not be limited to acceptable treatments, such as opaque glass, window
muntins, exterior insect screens, exterior netting, or special glass treatments such as
fritting to provide visual cues and reduce the likelihood of bird collisions. Glass
treatments must be visible to all bird species, have high color contrast with the glass,
and be applied to the exterior (first) surface of the glass.”
Rationale:
This modified language ensures that all birds will be able to see the glass treatments. The
language regarding contrast and exterior application are sourced from Ottawa’s Bird Safe Design
Guidelines, November 2020.2 Ottawa’s Guidelines require exterior treatments, stating,
Electric light, particularly at night, disrupts human circadian rhythmicity: is that a problem?. 2015.
Richard G. Stevens and Yong Zhu. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4375361/
https://safewings.ca/ottawa-guidelines/
“treatments applied to interior surfaces of the glass will not adequately address reflectivity
issues. They will also be less effective at reducing transparency issues if reflectivity is not
addressed.”
For another relevant November 2020 bird-safe document with similar recommendations, see
New York’s Bird Friendly Building Design and Construction Requirements Guidance
Documents.3
3) Remove Section 19.102.040 B.2.e: which creates a loophole allowing
lighting of unlimited brightness.
Existing Language:
“2. Illumination Levels
e. Critical areas of illumination such as stairways, ramps and main walkways may have a
higher illumination.”
Rationale:
As written, this language creates a loophole allowing for lighting of unlimited intensity to be
used in these areas, potentially adding significant levels of light pollution. If this language were
to be removed, critical areas would instead adhere to the brightness threshold outlined in
19.102.040 B.2.C, which establishes a maximum value of ten foot-candles. We believe 10 foot-
candles is more than sufficient to light critical areas. For comparison, the light of the full moon is
measured at 0.01 foot-candles. Being one thousand times stronger than the light of the full moon,
the already established 10 foot-candle limit is more than enough light, if not an excessive amount
of light.
4) 19.102.040 B.3: Adjust the color temperature limit to 2,700 Kelvin (from
3,000 Kelvin)
Existing language with additions in bold font:
“3. All light sources shall have a maintained correlated color temperature of two thousand seven
hundred (2,700) Kelvin or less.”
Rationale:
Correlated color temperature controls, among other things, the wavelength of the emitted light.
With LED technology, the peak of the wavelength has shifted from the yellow to blue light
spectrum (see picture below). The blue peak is implicated as the most hazardous to human and
ecosystem health. To minimize the blue peak, we strongly recommend using 2700 Kelvin to
most effectively minimize impacts to human and ecosystem health, and accommodate the
neurologically-diverse population.
https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/buildings/bldgs_bulletins/bird_friendly_guidance_document.pdf
(Pictured above: 2,700 Kelvin will significantly reduce the intensity of blue light, relative to
3,000 Kelvin)
5) Section 19.102.030 B.2: Direct staff to work with the Santa Clara Valley
Audubon Society to create and annually review the list of bird safe
treatments.
Rationale:
As bird-safe technology continues to improve, Cupertino should update its list of acceptable
bird-safe treatments to accommodate these developments. The Santa Clara Valley Audubon
Society stays updated on the latest bird-safe treatments and is eager to assist staff in this process.